Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-434

Allowed

Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product allows the upload or transfer of dangerous file types that are automatically processed within its environment.

5966 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-234X-7QJ3-R3FJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:26 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:26
VLAI
Details

Arbitrary file upload vulnerability in com/dotmarketing/servlets/AjaxFileUploadServlet.class in dotCMS 4.1.1 allows remote authenticated administrators to upload .jsp files to arbitrary locations via directory traversal sequences in the fieldName parameter to servlets/ajax_file_upload. This results in arbitrary code execution by requesting the .jsp file at a /assets URI.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-11466"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-434"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-07-20T00:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Arbitrary file upload vulnerability in com/dotmarketing/servlets/AjaxFileUploadServlet.class in dotCMS 4.1.1 allows remote authenticated administrators to upload .jsp files to arbitrary locations via directory traversal sequences in the fieldName parameter to servlets/ajax_file_upload. This results in arbitrary code execution by requesting the .jsp file at a /assets URI.",
  "id": "GHSA-234x-7qj3-r3fj",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T02:26:22Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T02:26:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-11466"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/dotCMS/core/issues/12131"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/143383/dotcms411-shell.txt"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2017/Jul/33"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2365-P872-CMM2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:44 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:44
VLAI
Details

ClipperCMS 1.3.3 allows remote authenticated administrators to upload .htaccess files.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-19424"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-434"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-11-21T21:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "ClipperCMS 1.3.3 allows remote authenticated administrators to upload .htaccess files.",
  "id": "GHSA-2365-p872-cmm2",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T01:44:59Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T01:44:59Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-19424"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ClipperCMS/ClipperCMS/issues/495"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2374-6CVW-QMX6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-29 21:44 – Updated: 2025-10-29 21:44
VLAI
Summary
DNN CKEditor Provider allows unauthenticated upload out-of-the-box
Details

Summary

The out-of-box experience for HTML editing allows unauthenticated users to upload files. This opens a potential vector to other security issues and is not needed on most implementations.

Details

The new out-of-box experience blocks that endpoint to unauthenticated users. If there is a real need for the implementation to allow unauthenticated uploads, then the web.config can be edited by the implementer to remove that block and open the endpoint to the public.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "NuGet",
        "name": "Dnn.Platform"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "10.1.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-62802"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-434"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-10-29T21:44:28Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-28T22:15:38Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\nThe out-of-box experience for HTML editing allows unauthenticated users to upload files. This opens a potential vector to other security issues and is not needed on most implementations.\n\n### Details\nThe new out-of-box experience blocks that endpoint to unauthenticated users. If there is a real need for the implementation to allow unauthenticated uploads, then the web.config can be edited by the implementer to remove that block and open the endpoint to the public.",
  "id": "GHSA-2374-6cvw-qmx6",
  "modified": "2025-10-29T21:44:28Z",
  "published": "2025-10-29T21:44:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/dnnsoftware/Dnn.Platform/security/advisories/GHSA-2374-6cvw-qmx6"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-62802"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/dnnsoftware/Dnn.Platform/commit/6497d3c35217e6e62e50d3ed7c8809eb69e3d06b"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/dnnsoftware/Dnn.Platform"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "DNN CKEditor Provider allows unauthenticated upload out-of-the-box"
}

GHSA-2377-G2H8-5F9C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-27 00:31 – Updated: 2025-01-27 00:31
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability classified as critical was found in needyamin image_gallery 1.0. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /admin/gallery.php of the component Cover Image Handler. The manipulation of the argument image leads to unrestricted upload. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-0722"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284",
      "CWE-434"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-27T00:15:26Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability classified as critical was found in needyamin image_gallery 1.0. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /admin/gallery.php of the component Cover Image Handler. The manipulation of the argument image leads to unrestricted upload. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
  "id": "GHSA-2377-g2h8-5f9c",
  "modified": "2025-01-27T00:31:33Z",
  "published": "2025-01-27T00:31:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-0722"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.293482"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.293482"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.482822"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.websecurityinsights.my.id/2025/01/imagegallery-add-gallery.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-23GJ-X27G-R34F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:43 – Updated: 2025-04-22 18:43
VLAI
Summary
MODX Revolution allows overwriting .htaccess
Details

In MODX Revolution before 2.5.7, a user with file upload permissions is able to execute arbitrary code by uploading a file with the name .htaccess.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "modx/revolution"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.5.7"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-9069"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-434"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-04-22T18:43:38Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-05-18T16:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In MODX Revolution before 2.5.7, a user with file upload permissions is able to execute arbitrary code by uploading a file with the name .htaccess.",
  "id": "GHSA-23gj-x27g-r34f",
  "modified": "2025-04-22T18:43:38Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T02:43:14Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-9069"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/modxcms/revolution/pull/13423"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://citadelo.com/en/2017/04/modx-revolution-cms"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/modxcms/revolution"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "MODX Revolution allows overwriting .htaccess"
}

GHSA-23R3-WG3Q-C3XM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-17 12:31 – Updated: 2024-05-17 12:31
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability was found in Emlog Pro 2.3.4 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file admin/setting.php. The manipulation leads to unrestricted upload. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-264740. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-5043"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-434"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-17T12:15:16Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was found in Emlog Pro 2.3.4 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file admin/setting.php. The manipulation leads to unrestricted upload. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-264740. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
  "id": "GHSA-23r3-wg3q-c3xm",
  "modified": "2024-05-17T12:31:01Z",
  "published": "2024-05-17T12:31:01Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-5043"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ssteveez/emlog/blob/main/emlog%20pro%20version%202.3.4%20Admin%20side%20can%20upload%20arbitrary%20files%20and%20getshell.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.264740"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.264740"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.331854"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-23RR-VCW7-54R8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:12 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:12
VLAI
Details

An Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type vulnerability in B. Braun SpaceCom2 prior to 012U000062 allows remote attackers to upload any files to the /tmp directory of the device through the webpage API. This can result in critical files being overwritten.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-33884"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-434"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-08-25T12:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type vulnerability in B. Braun SpaceCom2 prior to 012U000062 allows remote attackers to upload any files to the /tmp directory of the device through the webpage API. This can result in critical files being overwritten.",
  "id": "GHSA-23rr-vcw7-54r8",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:12:13Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:12:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-33884"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.bbraunusa.com/en.htm"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mcafee.com/blogs/enterprise/mcafee-enterprise-atr/mcafee-enterprise-atr-uncovers-vulnerabilities-in-globally-used-b-braun-infusion-pump"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-23X5-QV54-6PCG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-14 00:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:07
VLAI
Details

An arbitrary file upload vulnerability in /dede/file_manage_control.php of DedeCMS v5.7.109 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via uploading a crafted PHP file.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-37839"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-434"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-07-13T22:15:09Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An arbitrary file upload vulnerability in /dede/file_manage_control.php of DedeCMS v5.7.109 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via uploading a crafted PHP file.",
  "id": "GHSA-23x5-qv54-6pcg",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T06:07:46Z",
  "published": "2023-07-14T00:30:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-37839"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/yezere/src/blob/main/Dedecms%20v5.7.109%20Background%20Command%20Execution%20Vulnerability.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2423-2C9W-8VGR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-06 18:31 – Updated: 2025-01-14 21:31
VLAI
Details

File Upload vulnerability in ChestnutCMS through 1.5.0. Based on the code analysis, it was determined that the /api/member/avatar API endpoint receives a base64 string as input. This string is then passed to the memberService.uploadAvatarByBase64 method for processing. Within the service, the base64-encoded image is parsed. For example, given a string like: data:image/html;base64,PGh0bWw+PGltZyBzcmM9eCBvbmVycm9yPWFsZXJ0KDEpPjwvaHRtbD4= the content after the comma is extracted and decoded using Base64.getDecoder().decode(). The substring from the 11th character up to the first occurrence of a semicolon (;) is assigned to the suffix variable (representing the file extension). The decoded content is then written to a file. However, the file extension is not validated, and since this functionality is exposed to the frontend, it poses significant security risks.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-56828"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-434"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-06T18:15:23Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "File Upload vulnerability in ChestnutCMS through 1.5.0. Based on the code analysis, it was determined that the /api/member/avatar API endpoint receives a base64 string as input. This string is then passed to the memberService.uploadAvatarByBase64 method for processing. Within the service, the base64-encoded image is parsed. For example, given a string like: data:image/html;base64,PGh0bWw+PGltZyBzcmM9eCBvbmVycm9yPWFsZXJ0KDEpPjwvaHRtbD4= the content after the comma is extracted and decoded using Base64.getDecoder().decode(). The substring from the 11th character up to the first occurrence of a semicolon (;) is assigned to the suffix variable (representing the file extension). The decoded content is then written to a file. However, the file extension is not validated, and since this functionality is exposed to the frontend, it poses significant security risks.",
  "id": "GHSA-2423-2c9w-8vgr",
  "modified": "2025-01-14T21:31:47Z",
  "published": "2025-01-06T18:31:05Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-56828"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitee.com/liweiyi/ChestnutCMS"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Zerone0x00/CVE/blob/main/ChestnutCMS/CVE-2024-56828.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.1000mz.com"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-246P-56FR-J339

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-26 18:30 – Updated: 2025-05-08 15:30
VLAI
Details

Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type vulnerability in JoomUnited WP Media folder.This issue affects WP Media folder: from n/a through 5.7.2.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-25909"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-434"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-02-26T16:27:59Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type vulnerability in JoomUnited WP Media folder.This issue affects WP Media folder: from n/a through 5.7.2.",
  "id": "GHSA-246p-56fr-j339",
  "modified": "2025-05-08T15:30:35Z",
  "published": "2024-02-26T18:30:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-25909"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/wp-media-folder/wordpress-wp-media-folder-plugin-5-7-2-subscriber-arbitrary-file-upload-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Generate a new, unique filename for an uploaded file instead of using the user-supplied filename, so that no external input is used at all.[REF-422] [REF-423]

Mitigation MIT-21
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion

When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Consider storing the uploaded files outside of the web document root entirely. Then, use other mechanisms to deliver the files dynamically. [REF-423]

Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • For example, limiting filenames to alphanumeric characters can help to restrict the introduction of unintended file extensions.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Define a very limited set of allowable extensions and only generate filenames that end in these extensions. Consider the possibility of XSS (CWE-79) before allowing .html or .htm file types.

Mitigation
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Ensure that only one extension is used in the filename. Some web servers, including some versions of Apache, may process files based on inner extensions so that "filename.php.gif" is fed to the PHP interpreter.[REF-422] [REF-423]

Mitigation
Implementation

When running on a web server that supports case-insensitive filenames, perform case-insensitive evaluations of the extensions that are provided.

Mitigation MIT-15
Architecture and Design

For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.

Mitigation
Implementation

Do not rely exclusively on sanity checks of file contents to ensure that the file is of the expected type and size. It may be possible for an attacker to hide code in some file segments that will still be executed by the server. For example, GIF images may contain a free-form comments field.

Mitigation
Implementation

Do not rely exclusively on the MIME content type or filename attribute when determining how to render a file. Validating the MIME content type and ensuring that it matches the extension is only a partial solution.

Mitigation MIT-17
Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.

Mitigation MIT-22
Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Sandbox or Jail

  • Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
  • OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
  • This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
  • Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
CAPEC-1: Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs

In applications, particularly web applications, access to functionality is mitigated by an authorization framework. This framework maps Access Control Lists (ACLs) to elements of the application's functionality; particularly URL's for web apps. In the case that the administrator failed to specify an ACL for a particular element, an attacker may be able to access it with impunity. An attacker with the ability to access functionality not properly constrained by ACLs can obtain sensitive information and possibly compromise the entire application. Such an attacker can access resources that must be available only to users at a higher privilege level, can access management sections of the application, or can run queries for data that they otherwise not supposed to.