CWE-400
DiscouragedUncontrolled Resource Consumption
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.
5412 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-FJ79-GF26-7C3P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:00 – Updated: 2024-04-04 02:38ClamAV versions prior to 0.101.3 are susceptible to a zip bomb vulnerability where an unauthenticated attacker can cause a denial of service condition by sending crafted messages to an affected system.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-12625"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400",
"CWE-404"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-11-05T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "ClamAV versions prior to 0.101.3 are susceptible to a zip bomb vulnerability where an unauthenticated attacker can cause a denial of service condition by sending crafted messages to an affected system.",
"id": "GHSA-fj79-gf26-7c3p",
"modified": "2024-04-04T02:38:21Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:00:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-12625"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blog.clamav.net/2019/08/clamav-01014-security-patch-release-has.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-11/msg00078.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-12/msg00000.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FJ7C-VG2V-CCRM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-15 21:07 – Updated: 2022-09-08 14:21Buffer leak on incoming WebSocket PONG message(s) in Undertow before 2.0.40 and 2.2.10 can lead to memory exhaustion and allow a denial of service.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "io.undertow:undertow-core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.0.40"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "io.undertow:undertow-core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.2.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.2.10"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-3690"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400",
"CWE-401"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-07-15T21:07:20Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-23T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Buffer leak on incoming WebSocket PONG message(s) in Undertow before 2.0.40 and 2.2.10 can lead to memory exhaustion and allow a denial of service.",
"id": "GHSA-fj7c-vg2v-ccrm",
"modified": "2022-09-08T14:21:49Z",
"published": "2022-07-15T21:07:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-3690"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/undertow-io/undertow/commit/c7e84a0b7efced38506d7d1dfea5902366973877"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2021-3690"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2021-3690#cve-cvss-v3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1991299"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/undertow-io/undertow"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.redhat.com/browse/UNDERTOW-1935"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mend.io/vulnerability-database/CVE-2021-3690"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Undertow vulnerable to memory exhaustion due to buffer leak"
}
GHSA-FJ8X-2C72-3H8W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:42 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:42On BIG-IP APM version 16.0.x before 16.0.1.1, under certain conditions, when processing VPN traffic with APM, TMM consumes excessive memory. A malicious, authenticated VPN user may abuse this to perform a DoS attack against the APM. Note: Software versions which have reached End of Software Development (EoSD) are not evaluated.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-22985"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-12T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "On BIG-IP APM version 16.0.x before 16.0.1.1, under certain conditions, when processing VPN traffic with APM, TMM consumes excessive memory. A malicious, authenticated VPN user may abuse this to perform a DoS attack against the APM. Note: Software versions which have reached End of Software Development (EoSD) are not evaluated.",
"id": "GHSA-fj8x-2c72-3h8w",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:42:07Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:42:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-22985"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K88162221"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-FJ94-Q44P-PF8F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:39 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:39An attacker could cause a Prometheus denial of service in GitLab 13.7+ by sending an HTTP request with a malformed method
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-22166"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-01-15T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An attacker could cause a Prometheus denial of service in GitLab 13.7+ by sending an HTTP request with a malformed method",
"id": "GHSA-fj94-q44p-pf8f",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:39:23Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:39:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-22166"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cves/-/blob/master/2021/CVE-2021-22166.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/labkit/-/issues/29"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-FJMH-46WX-6H6H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-07 00:01 – Updated: 2022-09-13 00:00Multiple vulnerabilities exist in the processing of packet data by the LLDP service of AOS-CX. Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities may allow an attacker to impact the availability of the AOS-CX LLDP service and/or the management plane of the switch in ArubaOS-CX Switches version(s): AOS-CX 10.09.xxxx: 10.09.1010 and below, AOS-CX 10.08.xxxx: 10.08.1050 and below, AOS-CX 10.06.xxxx: 10.06.0190 and below. Aruba has released upgrades for ArubaOS-CX Switch Devices that address these security vulnerabilities.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-23688"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-09-06T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Multiple vulnerabilities exist in the processing of packet data by the LLDP service of AOS-CX. Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities may allow an attacker to impact the availability of the AOS-CX LLDP service and/or the management plane of the switch in ArubaOS-CX Switches version(s): AOS-CX 10.09.xxxx: 10.09.1010 and below, AOS-CX 10.08.xxxx: 10.08.1050 and below, AOS-CX 10.06.xxxx: 10.06.0190 and below. Aruba has released upgrades for ArubaOS-CX Switch Devices that address these security vulnerabilities.",
"id": "GHSA-fjmh-46wx-6h6h",
"modified": "2022-09-13T00:00:40Z",
"published": "2022-09-07T00:01:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-23688"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/alert/ARUBA-PSA-2022-012.txt"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FJW8-3GP8-4CVX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-16 17:44 – Updated: 2024-05-16 19:06The Minder REST ingester is vulnerable to a denial of service attack via an attacker-controlled REST endpoint that can crash the Minder server.
The REST ingester allows users to interact with REST endpoints to fetch data for rule evaluation. When fetching data with the REST ingester, Minder sends a request to an endpoint and will use the data from the body of the response as the data to evaluate against a certain rule. Minder sends the request on these lines: https://github.com/stacklok/minder/blob/daccbc12e364e2d407d56b87a13f7bb24cbdb074/internal/engine/ingester/rest/rest.go#L131-L139
… and parses the response body on these lines:
https://github.com/stacklok/minder/blob/daccbc12e364e2d407d56b87a13f7bb24cbdb074/internal/engine/ingester/rest/rest.go#L147-L150
https://github.com/stacklok/minder/blob/daccbc12e364e2d407d56b87a13f7bb24cbdb074/internal/engine/ingester/rest/rest.go#L196-L220
Minder creates the URL of the endpoint via templating on these lines:
https://github.com/stacklok/minder/blob/daccbc12e364e2d407d56b87a13f7bb24cbdb074/internal/engine/ingester/rest/rest.go#L121-L123
As far as I can tell, at this stage in rule evaluation, users fully control the raw template and the params passed to the template via the RuleType type:
https://github.com/stacklok/minder/blob/daccbc12e364e2d407d56b87a13f7bb24cbdb074/pkg/api/protobuf/go/minder/v1/minder.pb.go#L6151-L6173
I have not seen anything that enforces users to only send requests to GitHub REST endpoints. If there is such a constraint, it limits the ease with which this vulnerability can be exploited, but it is still possible. If there is not such a constraint, it is easy to exploit this vuln.
When Minder parses the response from a remote endpoint, it reads the response entirely into memory on these lines:
https://github.com/stacklok/minder/blob/daccbc12e364e2d407d56b87a13f7bb24cbdb074/internal/engine/ingester/rest/rest.go#L207
and
https://github.com/stacklok/minder/blob/daccbc12e364e2d407d56b87a13f7bb24cbdb074/internal/engine/ingester/rest/rest.go#L213
If the response is sufficiently large, it can drain memory on the machine and crash the Minder server.
The attacker can control the remote REST endpoints that Minder sends requests to, and they can configure the remote REST endpoints to return responses with large bodies. They would then instruct Minder to send a request to their configured endpoint that would return the large response which would crash the Minder server.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/stacklok/minder"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.0.49"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-35185"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-05-16T17:44:39Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-16T16:15:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Minder REST ingester is vulnerable to a denial of service attack via an attacker-controlled REST endpoint that can crash the Minder server.\n\nThe REST ingester allows users to interact with REST endpoints to fetch data for rule evaluation. When fetching data with the REST ingester, Minder sends a request to an endpoint and will use the data from the body of the response as the data to evaluate against a certain rule. Minder sends the request on these lines:\nhttps://github.com/stacklok/minder/blob/daccbc12e364e2d407d56b87a13f7bb24cbdb074/internal/engine/ingester/rest/rest.go#L131-L139\n\n\u2026 and parses the response body on these lines:\n\nhttps://github.com/stacklok/minder/blob/daccbc12e364e2d407d56b87a13f7bb24cbdb074/internal/engine/ingester/rest/rest.go#L147-L150\n\nhttps://github.com/stacklok/minder/blob/daccbc12e364e2d407d56b87a13f7bb24cbdb074/internal/engine/ingester/rest/rest.go#L196-L220\n\nMinder creates the URL of the endpoint via templating on these lines:\n\nhttps://github.com/stacklok/minder/blob/daccbc12e364e2d407d56b87a13f7bb24cbdb074/internal/engine/ingester/rest/rest.go#L121-L123\n\nAs far as I can tell, at this stage in rule evaluation, users fully control the raw template and the params passed to the template via the RuleType type:\n\nhttps://github.com/stacklok/minder/blob/daccbc12e364e2d407d56b87a13f7bb24cbdb074/pkg/api/protobuf/go/minder/v1/minder.pb.go#L6151-L6173\n\nI have not seen anything that enforces users to only send requests to GitHub REST endpoints. If there is such a constraint, it limits the ease with which this vulnerability can be exploited, but it is still possible. If there is not such a constraint, it is easy to exploit this vuln.\n\nWhen Minder parses the response from a remote endpoint, it reads the response entirely into memory on these lines:\n\nhttps://github.com/stacklok/minder/blob/daccbc12e364e2d407d56b87a13f7bb24cbdb074/internal/engine/ingester/rest/rest.go#L207\n\nand\n\nhttps://github.com/stacklok/minder/blob/daccbc12e364e2d407d56b87a13f7bb24cbdb074/internal/engine/ingester/rest/rest.go#L213\n\nIf the response is sufficiently large, it can drain memory on the machine and crash the Minder server.\n\nThe attacker can control the remote REST endpoints that Minder sends requests to, and they can configure the remote REST endpoints to return responses with large bodies. They would then instruct Minder to send a request to their configured endpoint that would return the large response which would crash the Minder server.\n",
"id": "GHSA-fjw8-3gp8-4cvx",
"modified": "2024-05-16T19:06:00Z",
"published": "2024-05-16T17:44:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/stacklok/minder/security/advisories/GHSA-fjw8-3gp8-4cvx"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-35185"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/stacklok/minder/commit/065049336aac0621ee00a0bb2211f8051d47c14b"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/stacklok/minder"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Denial of service of Minder Server with attacker-controlled REST endpoint"
}
GHSA-FM58-52Q7-GPVG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-21 00:01 – Updated: 2022-06-02 00:00OPC UA Legacy Java Stack 2022-04-01 allows a remote attacker to cause a server to stop processing messages by sending crafted messages that exhaust available resources.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-30551"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-05-20T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "OPC UA Legacy Java Stack 2022-04-01 allows a remote attacker to cause a server to stop processing messages by sending crafted messages that exhaust available resources.",
"id": "GHSA-fm58-52q7-gpvg",
"modified": "2022-06-02T00:00:15Z",
"published": "2022-05-21T00:01:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-30551"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://files.opcfoundation.org/SecurityBulletins/OPC%20Foundation%20Security%20Bulletin%20CVE-2022-30551.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-Java-Legacy"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://opcfoundation.org"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FM5R-J2G9-7G6V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-26 18:31 – Updated: 2025-09-26 21:30Wavlink M86X3A_V240730 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the /cgi-bin/ExportAllSettings.cgi file. The vulnerability arises because the Cookie parameter does not properly validate the length of input data. Attackers can exploit this to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (DoS) on the system
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-55847"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-120",
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-26T18:15:36Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Wavlink M86X3A_V240730 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the /cgi-bin/ExportAllSettings.cgi file. The vulnerability arises because the Cookie parameter does not properly validate the length of input data. Attackers can exploit this to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (DoS) on the system",
"id": "GHSA-fm5r-j2g9-7g6v",
"modified": "2025-09-26T21:30:29Z",
"published": "2025-09-26T18:31:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-55847"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/meigui637/iot_zone/blob/main/%E6%A0%88%E6%BA%A2%E5%87%BA%E6%BC%8F%E6%B4%9E.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FM5V-X688-F2Q9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-29 15:30 – Updated: 2025-12-29 18:30UxPlay 1.72 contains a double free vulnerability in its RTSP request handling. A specially crafted RTSP TEARDOWN request can trigger multiple calls to free() on the same memory address, potentially causing a Denial of Service.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-60458"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-29T15:16:01Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "UxPlay 1.72 contains a double free vulnerability in its RTSP request handling. A specially crafted RTSP TEARDOWN request can trigger multiple calls to free() on the same memory address, potentially causing a Denial of Service.",
"id": "GHSA-fm5v-x688-f2q9",
"modified": "2025-12-29T18:30:54Z",
"published": "2025-12-29T15:30:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-60458"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/0pepsi/CVE-2025-60458"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FMG9-CQHF-254R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-21 19:01 – Updated: 2022-10-22 12:00A potential DOS vulnerability was discovered in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions from 10.8 before 15.1.6, all versions starting from 15.2 before 15.2.4, all versions starting from 15.3 before 15.3.2. Improper data handling on branch creation could have been used to trigger high CPU usage.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-3639"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-10-21T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A potential DOS vulnerability was discovered in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions from 10.8 before 15.1.6, all versions starting from 15.2 before 15.2.4, all versions starting from 15.3 before 15.3.2. Improper data handling on branch creation could have been used to trigger high CPU usage.",
"id": "GHSA-fmg9-cqhf-254r",
"modified": "2022-10-22T12:00:25Z",
"published": "2022-10-21T19:01:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-3639"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cves/-/blob/master/2022/CVE-2022-3639.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/366876"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Design throttling mechanisms into the system architecture. The best protection is to limit the amount of resources that an unauthorized user can cause to be expended. A strong authentication and access control model will help prevent such attacks from occurring in the first place. The login application should be protected against DoS attacks as much as possible. Limiting the database access, perhaps by caching result sets, can help minimize the resources expended. To further limit the potential for a DoS attack, consider tracking the rate of requests received from users and blocking requests that exceed a defined rate threshold.
Mitigation
- Mitigation of resource exhaustion attacks requires that the target system either:
- The first of these solutions is an issue in itself though, since it may allow attackers to prevent the use of the system by a particular valid user. If the attacker impersonates the valid user, they may be able to prevent the user from accessing the server in question.
- The second solution is simply difficult to effectively institute -- and even when properly done, it does not provide a full solution. It simply makes the attack require more resources on the part of the attacker.
- recognizes the attack and denies that user further access for a given amount of time, or
- uniformly throttles all requests in order to make it more difficult to consume resources more quickly than they can again be freed.
Mitigation
Ensure that protocols have specific limits of scale placed on them.
Mitigation
Ensure that all failures in resource allocation place the system into a safe posture.
CAPEC-147: XML Ping of the Death
An attacker initiates a resource depletion attack where a large number of small XML messages are delivered at a sufficiently rapid rate to cause a denial of service or crash of the target. Transactions such as repetitive SOAP transactions can deplete resources faster than a simple flooding attack because of the additional resources used by the SOAP protocol and the resources necessary to process SOAP messages. The transactions used are immaterial as long as they cause resource utilization on the target. In other words, this is a normal flooding attack augmented by using messages that will require extra processing on the target.
CAPEC-227: Sustained Client Engagement
An adversary attempts to deny legitimate users access to a resource by continually engaging a specific resource in an attempt to keep the resource tied up as long as possible. The adversary's primary goal is not to crash or flood the target, which would alert defenders; rather it is to repeatedly perform actions or abuse algorithmic flaws such that a given resource is tied up and not available to a legitimate user. By carefully crafting a requests that keep the resource engaged through what is seemingly benign requests, legitimate users are limited or completely denied access to the resource.
CAPEC-492: Regular Expression Exponential Blowup
An adversary may execute an attack on a program that uses a poor Regular Expression(Regex) implementation by choosing input that results in an extreme situation for the Regex. A typical extreme situation operates at exponential time compared to the input size. This is due to most implementations using a Nondeterministic Finite Automaton(NFA) state machine to be built by the Regex algorithm since NFA allows backtracking and thus more complex regular expressions.