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CWE-22
Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
The product uses external input to construct a pathname that is intended to identify a file or directory that is located underneath a restricted parent directory, but the product does not properly neutralize special elements within the pathname that can cause the pathname to resolve to a location that is outside of the restricted directory.
CVE-2022-30117 (GCVE-0-2022-30117)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-06-24 14:59 – Updated: 2024-08-03 06:40
VLAI
Summary
Concrete 8.5.7 and below as well as Concrete 9.0 through 9.0.2 allow traversal in /index.php/ccm/system/file/upload which could result in an Arbitrary File Delete exploit. This was remediated by sanitizing /index.php/ccm/system/file/upload to ensure Concrete doesn’t allow traversal and by changing isFullChunkFilePresent to have an early false return when input doesn't match expectations.Concrete CMS Security team ranked this 5.8 with CVSS v3.1 vector AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H. Credit to Siebene for reporting.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
- CWE-22 - Path Traversal (CWE-22)
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://hackerone.com/reports/1482280 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://documentation.concretecms.org/developers/… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://documentation.concretecms.org/developers/… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n/a | https://github.com/concrete5/concrete5 |
Affected:
Remediated in Concrete CMS 8.5.8 and 9.1.0. Affected Versions are Concrete 8.5.7 and below as well as Concrete 9.0 through 9.0.2
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CVE-2022-30547 (GCVE-0-2022-30547)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-08-22 18:24 – Updated: 2025-04-15 18:51
VLAI
Summary
A directory traversal vulnerability exists in the unzipDirectory functionality of WWBN AVideo 11.6 and dev master commit 3f7c0364. A specially-crafted HTTP request can lead to arbitrary command execution. An attacker can send an HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/WWBN/AVideo/blob/e04b1cd7062e1… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_repor… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
Date Public
2022-08-16 00:00
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CVE-2022-3090 (GCVE-0-2022-3090)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-11-17 21:55 – Updated: 2025-04-16 16:06
VLAI
Summary
Red Lion Controls Crimson 3.0 versions 707.000 and prior, Crimson 3.1 versions 3126.001 and prior, and Crimson 3.2 versions 3.2.0044.0 and prior are vulnerable to path traversal. When attempting to open a file using a specific path, the user's password hash is sent to an arbitrary host. This could allow an attacker to obtain user credential hashes.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Lion Controls | Crimson 3.0 |
Affected:
All versions , ≤ 707.000
(custom)
|
|
| Red Lion Controls | Crimson 3.1 |
Affected:
All versions , ≤ 3126.001
(custom)
|
|
| Red Lion Controls | Crimson 3.2 |
Affected:
All versions , ≤ 3.2.0044.0
(custom)
|
Date Public
2022-11-17 00:00
Credits
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CVE-2022-3101 (GCVE-0-2022-3101)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-03-23 00:00 – Updated: 2025-02-25 15:42
VLAI
Summary
A flaw was found in tripleo-ansible. Due to an insecure default configuration, the permissions of a sensitive file are not sufficiently restricted. This flaw allows a local attacker to use brute force to explore the relevant directory and discover the file, leading to information disclosure of important configuration details from the OpenStack deployment.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-22 - >CWE-276->CWE-732
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n/a | tripleo-ansible |
Affected:
unknown
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CVE-2022-31062 (GCVE-0-2022-31062)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-06-20 00:00 – Updated: 2025-04-23 18:09
VLAI
Title
Unauthenticated Local File Inclusion
Summary
### Impact A plugin public script can be used to read content of system files. ### Patches Upgrade to version 1.0.2. ### Workarounds `b/deploy/index.php` file can be deleted if deploy feature is not used.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| glpi-project | glpi-inventory-plugin |
Affected:
< 1.0.2
|
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CVE-2022-31159 (GCVE-0-2022-31159)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-07-15 17:45 – Updated: 2025-04-22 17:49
VLAI
Title
Partial Path Traversal in com.amazonaws:aws-java-sdk-s3
Summary
The AWS SDK for Java enables Java developers to work with Amazon Web Services. A partial-path traversal issue exists within the `downloadDirectory` method in the AWS S3 TransferManager component of the AWS SDK for Java v1 prior to version 1.12.261. Applications using the SDK control the `destinationDirectory` argument, but S3 object keys are determined by the application that uploaded the objects. The `downloadDirectory` method allows the caller to pass a filesystem object in the object key but contained an issue in the validation logic for the key name. A knowledgeable actor could bypass the validation logic by including a UNIX double-dot in the bucket key. Under certain conditions, this could permit them to retrieve a directory from their S3 bucket that is one level up in the filesystem from their working directory. This issue’s scope is limited to directories whose name prefix matches the destinationDirectory. E.g. for destination directory`/tmp/foo`, the actor can cause a download to `/tmp/foo-bar`, but not `/tmp/bar`. If `com.amazonaws.services.s3.transfer.TransferManager::downloadDirectory` is used to download an untrusted buckets contents, the contents of that bucket can be written outside of the intended destination directory. Version 1.12.261 contains a patch for this issue. As a workaround, when calling `com.amazonaws.services.s3.transfer.TransferManager::downloadDirectory`, pass a `KeyFilter` that forbids `S3ObjectSummary` objects that `getKey` method return a string containing the substring `..` .
Severity
7.9 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/aws/aws-sdk-java/security/advi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| aws | aws-sdk-java |
Affected:
<= 1.12.260
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CVE-2022-31163 (GCVE-0-2022-31163)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-07-21 13:30 – Updated: 2024-09-05 14:09
VLAI
Title
TZInfo relative path traversal vulnerability allows loading of arbitrary files
Summary
TZInfo is a Ruby library that provides access to time zone data and allows times to be converted using time zone rules. Versions prior to 0.36.1, as well as those prior to 1.2.10 when used with the Ruby data source tzinfo-data, are vulnerable to relative path traversal. With the Ruby data source, time zones are defined in Ruby files. There is one file per time zone. Time zone files are loaded with `require` on demand. In the affected versions, `TZInfo::Timezone.get` fails to validate time zone identifiers correctly, allowing a new line character within the identifier. With Ruby version 1.9.3 and later, `TZInfo::Timezone.get` can be made to load unintended files with `require`, executing them within the Ruby process. Versions 0.3.61 and 1.2.10 include fixes to correctly validate time zone identifiers. Versions 2.0.0 and later are not vulnerable. Version 0.3.61 can still load arbitrary files from the Ruby load path if their name follows the rules for a valid time zone identifier and the file has a prefix of `tzinfo/definition` within a directory in the load path. Applications should ensure that untrusted files are not placed in a directory on the load path. As a workaround, the time zone identifier can be validated before passing to `TZInfo::Timezone.get` by ensuring it matches the regular expression `\A[A-Za-z0-9+\-_]+(?:\/[A-Za-z0-9+\-_]+)*\z`.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
7 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/tzinfo/tzinfo/security/advisor… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/tzinfo/tzinfo/releases/tag/v0.3.61 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/tzinfo/tzinfo/releases/tag/v1.2.10 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/tzinfo/tzinfo/commit/9eddbb5c0… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/tzinfo/tzinfo/commit/9905ca93a… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022… | mailing-listx_refsource_MLIST |
| https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024… |
Impacted products
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CVE-2022-31194 (GCVE-0-2022-31194)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-08-01 20:25 – Updated: 2025-04-23 17:55
VLAI
Title
Path traversal vulnerabilities in DSpace JSPUI submission upload
Summary
DSpace open source software is a repository application which provides durable access to digital resources. dspace-jspui is a UI component for DSpace. The JSPUI resumable upload implementations in SubmissionController and FileUploadRequest are vulnerable to multiple path traversal attacks, allowing an attacker to create files/directories anywhere on the server writable by the Tomcat/DSpace user, by modifying some request parameters during submission. This path traversal can only be executed by a user with special privileges (submitter rights). This vulnerability only impacts the JSPUI. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds. However, this vulnerability cannot be exploited by an anonymous user or a basic user. The user must first have submitter privileges to at least one Collection and be able to determine how to modify the request parameters to exploit the vulnerability.
Severity
8.2 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/DSpace/DSpace/security/advisor… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/DSpace/DSpace/commit/7569c6374… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2022-31195 (GCVE-0-2022-31195)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-08-01 20:35 – Updated: 2025-04-23 17:55
VLAI
Title
Path traversal vulnerability in Simple Archive Format package import in DSpace
Summary
DSpace open source software is a repository application which provides durable access to digital resources. In affected versions the ItemImportServiceImpl is vulnerable to a path traversal vulnerability. This means a malicious SAF (simple archive format) package could cause a file/directory to be created anywhere the Tomcat/DSpace user can write to on the server. However, this path traversal vulnerability is only possible by a user with special privileges (either Administrators or someone with command-line access to the server). This vulnerability impacts the XMLUI, JSPUI and command-line. Users are advised to upgrade. As a basic workaround, users may block all access to the following URL paths: If you are using the XMLUI, block all access to /admin/batchimport path (this is the URL of the Admin Batch Import tool). Keep in mind, if your site uses the path "/xmlui", then you'd need to block access to /xmlui/admin/batchimport. If you are using the JSPUI, block all access to /dspace-admin/batchimport path (this is the URL of the Admin Batch Import tool). Keep in mind, if your site uses the path "/jspui", then you'd need to block access to /jspui/dspace-admin/batchimport. Keep in mind, only an Administrative user or a user with command-line access to the server is able to import/upload SAF packages. Therefore, assuming those users do not blindly upload untrusted SAF packages, then it is unlikely your site could be impacted by this vulnerability.
Severity
7.2 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/DSpace/DSpace/security/advisor… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/DSpace/DSpace/commit/56e760491… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/DSpace/DSpace/commit/7af52a088… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2022-31255 (GCVE-0-2022-31255)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-11-10 07:30 – Updated: 2025-04-30 19:55
VLAI
Title
SUMA/UYUNI directory path traversal vulnerability in CobblerSnipperViewAction
Summary
An Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal') vulnerability in spacewalk/Uyuni of SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for SUSE Manager Server 4.2, SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for SUSE Manager Server 4.3, SUSE Manager Server 4.2 allows remote attackers to read files available to the user running the process, typically tomcat. This issue affects: SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for SUSE Manager Server 4.2 hub-xmlrpc-api-0.7-150300.3.9.2, inter-server-sync-0.2.4-150300.8.25.2, locale-formula-0.3-150300.3.3.2, py27-compat-salt-3000.3-150300.7.7.26.2, python-urlgrabber-3.10.2.1py2_3-150300.3.3.2, spacecmd-4.2.20-150300.4.30.2, spacewalk-backend-4.2.25-150300.4.32.4, spacewalk-client-tools-4.2.21-150300.4.27.3, spacewalk-java-4.2.43-150300.3.48.2, spacewalk-utils-4.2.18-150300.3.21.2, spacewalk-web-4.2.30-150300.3.30.3, susemanager-4.2.38-150300.3.44.3, susemanager-doc-indexes-4.2-150300.12.36.3, susemanager-docs_en-4.2-150300.12.36.2, susemanager-schema-4.2.25-150300.3.30.3, susemanager-sls versions prior to 4.2.28. SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for SUSE Manager Server 4.3 spacewalk-java versions prior to 4.3.39. SUSE Manager Server 4.2 release-notes-susemanager versions prior to 4.2.10.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| SUSE | SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for SUSE Manager Server 4.2 |
Affected:
hub-xmlrpc-api-0.7-150300.3.9.2, inter-server-sync-0.2.4-150300.8.25.2, locale-formula-0.3-150300.3.3.2, py27-compat-salt-3000.3-150300.7.7.26.2, python-urlgrabber-3.10.2.1py2_3-150300.3.3.2, spacecmd-4.2.20-150300.4.30.2, spacewalk-backend-4.2.25-150300.4.32.4, spacewalk-client-tools-4.2.21-150300.4.27.3, spacewalk-java-4.2.43-150300.3.48.2, spacewalk-utils-4.2.18-150300.3.21.2, spacewalk-web-4.2.30-150300.3.30.3, susemanager-4.2.38-150300.3.44.3, susemanager-doc-indexes-4.2-150300.12.36.3, susemanager-docs_en-4.2-150300.12.36.2, susemanager-schema-4.2.25-150300.3.30.3, susemanager-sls , < 4.2.28
(custom)
|
|
| SUSE | SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for SUSE Manager Server 4.3 |
Affected:
spacewalk-java , < 4.3.39
(custom)
|
|
| SUSE | SUSE Manager Server 4.2 |
Affected:
release-notes-susemanager , < 4.2.10
(custom)
|
Date Public
2022-11-04 00:00
Credits
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Mitigation ID: MIT-5.1
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- When validating filenames, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set to be used. If feasible, only allow a single "." character in the filename to avoid weaknesses such as CWE-23, and exclude directory separators such as "/" to avoid CWE-36. Use a list of allowable file extensions, which will help to avoid CWE-434.
- Do not rely exclusively on a filtering mechanism that removes potentially dangerous characters. This is equivalent to a denylist, which may be incomplete (CWE-184). For example, filtering "/" is insufficient protection if the filesystem also supports the use of "\" as a directory separator. Another possible error could occur when the filtering is applied in a way that still produces dangerous data (CWE-182). For example, if "../" sequences are removed from the ".../...//" string in a sequential fashion, two instances of "../" would be removed from the original string, but the remaining characters would still form the "../" string.
Mitigation ID: MIT-15
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Mitigation ID: MIT-20.1
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.
- Use a built-in path canonicalization function (such as realpath() in C) that produces the canonical version of the pathname, which effectively removes ".." sequences and symbolic links (CWE-23, CWE-59). This includes:
- realpath() in C
- getCanonicalPath() in Java
- GetFullPath() in ASP.NET
- realpath() or abs_path() in Perl
- realpath() in PHP
Mitigation ID: MIT-4
Phase: Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Description:
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
Mitigation ID: MIT-29
Phase: Operation
Strategy: Firewall
Description:
- Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
Mitigation ID: MIT-17
Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Description:
- Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
Mitigation ID: MIT-21.1
Phase: Architecture and Design
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
Description:
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
- For example, ID 1 could map to "inbox.txt" and ID 2 could map to "profile.txt". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-185] provide this capability.
Mitigation ID: MIT-22
Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation
Strategy: Sandbox or Jail
Description:
- Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
- OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation ID: MIT-34
Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
Description:
- Store library, include, and utility files outside of the web document root, if possible. Otherwise, store them in a separate directory and use the web server's access control capabilities to prevent attackers from directly requesting them. One common practice is to define a fixed constant in each calling program, then check for the existence of the constant in the library/include file; if the constant does not exist, then the file was directly requested, and it can exit immediately.
- This significantly reduces the chance of an attacker being able to bypass any protection mechanisms that are in the base program but not in the include files. It will also reduce the attack surface.
Mitigation ID: MIT-39
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Ensure that error messages only contain minimal details that are useful to the intended audience and no one else. The messages need to strike the balance between being too cryptic (which can confuse users) or being too detailed (which may reveal more than intended). The messages should not reveal the methods that were used to determine the error. Attackers can use detailed information to refine or optimize their original attack, thereby increasing their chances of success.
- If errors must be captured in some detail, record them in log messages, but consider what could occur if the log messages can be viewed by attackers. Highly sensitive information such as passwords should never be saved to log files.
- Avoid inconsistent messaging that might accidentally tip off an attacker about internal state, such as whether a user account exists or not.
- In the context of path traversal, error messages which disclose path information can help attackers craft the appropriate attack strings to move through the file system hierarchy.
Mitigation ID: MIT-16
Phases: Operation, Implementation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Description:
- When using PHP, configure the application so that it does not use register_globals. During implementation, develop the application so that it does not rely on this feature, but be wary of implementing a register_globals emulation that is subject to weaknesses such as CWE-95, CWE-621, and similar issues.
CAPEC-126: Path Traversal
An adversary uses path manipulation methods to exploit insufficient input validation of a target to obtain access to data that should be not be retrievable by ordinary well-formed requests. A typical variety of this attack involves specifying a path to a desired file together with dot-dot-slash characters, resulting in the file access API or function traversing out of the intended directory structure and into the root file system. By replacing or modifying the expected path information the access function or API retrieves the file desired by the attacker. These attacks either involve the attacker providing a complete path to a targeted file or using control characters (e.g. path separators (/ or \) and/or dots (.)) to reach desired directories or files.
CAPEC-64: Using Slashes and URL Encoding Combined to Bypass Validation Logic
This attack targets the encoding of the URL combined with the encoding of the slash characters. An attacker can take advantage of the multiple ways of encoding a URL and abuse the interpretation of the URL. A URL may contain special character that need special syntax handling in order to be interpreted. Special characters are represented using a percentage character followed by two digits representing the octet code of the original character (%HEX-CODE). For instance US-ASCII space character would be represented with %20. This is often referred as escaped ending or percent-encoding. Since the server decodes the URL from the requests, it may restrict the access to some URL paths by validating and filtering out the URL requests it received. An attacker will try to craft an URL with a sequence of special characters which once interpreted by the server will be equivalent to a forbidden URL. It can be difficult to protect against this attack since the URL can contain other format of encoding such as UTF-8 encoding, Unicode-encoding, etc.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.
CAPEC-78: Using Escaped Slashes in Alternate Encoding
This attack targets the use of the backslash in alternate encoding. An adversary can provide a backslash as a leading character and causes a parser to believe that the next character is special. This is called an escape. By using that trick, the adversary tries to exploit alternate ways to encode the same character which leads to filter problems and opens avenues to attack.
CAPEC-79: Using Slashes in Alternate Encoding
This attack targets the encoding of the Slash characters. An adversary would try to exploit common filtering problems related to the use of the slashes characters to gain access to resources on the target host. Directory-driven systems, such as file systems and databases, typically use the slash character to indicate traversal between directories or other container components. For murky historical reasons, PCs (and, as a result, Microsoft OSs) choose to use a backslash, whereas the UNIX world typically makes use of the forward slash. The schizophrenic result is that many MS-based systems are required to understand both forms of the slash. This gives the adversary many opportunities to discover and abuse a number of common filtering problems. The goal of this pattern is to discover server software that only applies filters to one version, but not the other.