Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-22

Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

The product uses external input to construct a pathname that is intended to identify a file or directory that is located underneath a restricted parent directory, but the product does not properly neutralize special elements within the pathname that can cause the pathname to resolve to a location that is outside of the restricted directory.

CVE-2025-12422 (GCVE-0-2025-12422)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-28 18:09 – Updated: 2025-10-28 19:09

Title

Vulnerable Upgrade Feature (Arbitrary File Write)

Summary

Vulnerable Upgrade Feature (Arbitrary File Write) may lead to obtaining super user permissions on board.This issue affects BLU-IC2: through 1.19.5; BLU-IC4: through 1.19.5.

Severity

10 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

Assigner

azure-access

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://azure-access.com/security-advisories

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Azure Access Technology	BLU-IC2	Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.19.5 (semver)
Azure Access Technology	BLU-IC4	Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.19.5 (semver)

Credits

Kevin Schaller Benjamin Lafois Alexi Bitsios Sebastian Toscano Dominik Schneider

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-12490 (GCVE-0-2025-12490)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-06 20:10 – Updated: 2025-11-06 20:44

Title

Netgate pfSense CE Suricata Path Traversal Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Summary

Netgate pfSense CE Suricata Path Traversal Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to create arbitrary files on affected installations of Netgate pfSense. Authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the Suricata package. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied path prior to using it in file operations. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to create files in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-28085.

Severity

8.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

Assigner

zdi

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-…	x_research-advisory
https://github.com/pfsense/FreeBSD-ports/commit/3…	vendor-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Netgate	pfSense	Affected: pfSense 2.8.1, Suricata package 7.0.8_3

Date Public

2025-10-30 21:00

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-12493 (GCVE-0-2025-12493)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-04 11:19 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:36

Title

ShopLentor <= 3.2.5 - Unauthenticated Local PHP File Inclusion via 'load_template'

Summary

The ShopLentor – WooCommerce Builder for Elementor & Gutenberg +21 Modules – All in One Solution (formerly WooLentor) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 3.2.5 via the 'load_template' function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to include and execute arbitrary .php files on the server, allowing the execution of any PHP code in those files. This can be used to bypass access controls, obtain sensitive data, or achieve code execution in cases where .php file types can be uploaded and included.

Severity

9.8 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

Assigner

Wordfence

References

6 references

URL	Tags
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabil…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/woolen…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/woolen…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/woolen…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/woolen…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3388234/

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
devitemsllc	ShopLentor – All-in-One WooCommerce Growth & Store Enhancement Plugin	Affected: 0 , ≤ 3.2.5 (semver)

Credits

Michael Mazzolini

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-12496 (GCVE-0-2025-12496)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-17 07:21 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:43

Title

Zephyr Project Manager <= 3.3.203 - Authenticated (Custom+) Arbitrary File Read And Server-Side Request Forgery

Summary

The Zephyr Project Manager plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Directory Traversal in all versions up to, and including, 3.3.203 via the `file` parameter. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Custom-level access and above, to read the contents of arbitrary files on the server, which can contain sensitive information. On a servers that have `allow_url_fopen` enabled, this issue allows for Server-Side Request Forgery

Severity

4.9 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

Assigner

Wordfence

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabil…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/zephyr…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/zephyr…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
dylanjkotze	Zephyr Project Manager	Affected: 0 , ≤ 3.3.203 (semver)

Credits

M Indra Purnama

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-12626 (GCVE-0-2025-12626)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-03 13:02 – Updated: 2025-11-03 14:08

Title

jeecgboot jeewx-boot WxActGoldeneggsPrizesController.java getImgUrl path traversal

Summary

A security flaw has been discovered in jeecgboot jeewx-boot up to 641ab52c3e1845fec39996d7794c33fb40dad1dd. This affects the function getImgUrl of the file WxActGoldeneggsPrizesController.java. Performing manipulation of the argument imgurl results in path traversal. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been released to the public and may be exploited. This product follows a rolling release approach for continuous delivery, so version details for affected or updated releases are not provided. The root cause was initially fixed but can be evaded with additional encoding.

Severity

5.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

4.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R

4.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-22 - Path Traversal

Assigner

VulDB

References

5 references

URL	Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.330916	vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.330916	signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.678926	third-party-advisory
https://github.com/jeecgboot/jeewx-boot/issues/17	issue-tracking
https://github.com/jeecgboot/jeewx-boot/issues/47	exploitissue-tracking

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
jeecgboot	jeewx-boot	Affected: 641ab52c3e1845fec39996d7794c33fb40dad1dd

Credits

fushuling (VulDB User)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-12638 (GCVE-0-2025-12638)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-28 14:06 – Updated: 2025-11-28 15:08

Title

Path Traversal Vulnerability in keras-team/keras via Tar Archive Extraction in keras.utils.get_file()

Summary

Keras version 3.11.3 is affected by a path traversal vulnerability in the keras.utils.get_file() function when extracting tar archives. The vulnerability arises because the function uses Python's tarfile.extractall() method without the security-critical filter='data' parameter. Although Keras attempts to filter unsafe paths using filter_safe_paths(), this filtering occurs before extraction, and a PATH_MAX symlink resolution bug triggers during extraction. This bug causes symlink resolution to fail due to path length limits, resulting in a security bypass that allows files to be written outside the intended extraction directory. This can lead to arbitrary file writes outside the cache directory, enabling potential system compromise or malicious code execution. The vulnerability affects Keras installations that process tar archives with get_file() and does not affect versions where this extraction method is secured with the appropriate filter parameter.

Severity

8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

Assigner

@huntr_ai

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://huntr.com/bounties/f94f5beb-54d8-4e6a-8ba…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
keras-team	keras-team/keras	Affected: unspecified , ≤ latest (custom)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-12757 (GCVE-0-2025-12757)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-10 05:47 – Updated: 2026-02-10 20:16

Summary

An AXIS Camera Station Pro feature can be exploited in a way that allows a non-admin user to view information they are not permitted to.

Severity

4.6 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

Assigner

Axis

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://www.axis.com/dam/public/de/38/d3/cve-2025…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Axis Communications AB	AXIS Camera Station Pro	Affected: 6 , < 6.14 (semver)

Credits

Seth Fogie

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-1282 (GCVE-0-2025-1282)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-27 08:22 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:31

Title

Car Dealer Automotive WordPress Theme – Responsive <= 1.6.3 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) Arbitrary File Deletion and Read

Summary

The Car Dealer Automotive WordPress Theme – Responsive theme for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file deletion due to insufficient file path validation in the delete_post_photo() and add_car() functions in all versions up to, and including, 1.6.3. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to delete arbitrary files on the server, which can easily lead to remote code execution when the right file is deleted (such as wp-config.php). The add_car() function may also make it possible to read arbitrary files.

Severity

8.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

Assigner

Wordfence

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabil…
https://themeforest.net/item/car-dealer-automotiv…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
ThemeMakers	Car Dealer Automotive WordPress Theme – Responsive	Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.6.3 (semver)

Credits

Tonn

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-12824 (GCVE-0-2025-12824)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-12 03:20 – Updated: 2025-12-15 18:16

Title

Player Leaderboard 1.0.0 - 1.0.2 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Local File Inclusion

Summary

The Player Leaderboard plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 1.0.2 via the 'player_leaderboard' shortcode. This is due to the plugin using an unsanitized user-supplied value from the shortcode's 'mode' attribute in a call to include() without proper path validation. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to include and execute arbitrary PHP files on the server, allowing the execution of any PHP code in those files. This can be used to bypass access controls, obtain sensitive data, or achieve full remote code execution if combined with file upload capabilities.

Severity

8.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

Assigner

Wordfence

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabil…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/player…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
tharkun69	Player Leaderboard	Affected: 1.0.0 , ≤ 1.0.2 (semver)

Credits

Kenneth Dunn

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-12922 (GCVE-0-2025-12922)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-10 00:02 – Updated: 2025-11-14 19:21

Title

OpenClinica Community Edition CRF Data Import ImportCRFData path traversal

Summary

A vulnerability was found in OpenClinica Community Edition up to 3.12.2/3.13. This affects an unknown part of the file /ImportCRFData?action=confirm of the component CRF Data Import. Performing manipulation of the argument xml_file results in path traversal. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Severity

5.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

6.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:R

6.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:R

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-22 - Path Traversal

Assigner

VulDB

References

5 references

URL	Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.331642	vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.331642	signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.680873	third-party-advisory
https://github.com/mikecole-mg/security_findings/…	related
https://github.com/mikecole-mg/security_findings/…	exploit

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
OpenClinica	Community Edition	Affected: 3.0 Affected: 3.1 Affected: 3.2 Affected: 3.3 Affected: 3.4 Affected: 3.5 Affected: 3.6 Affected: 3.7 Affected: 3.8 Affected: 3.9 Affected: 3.10 Affected: 3.11 Affected: 3.12 Affected: 3.12.0 Affected: 3.12.1 Affected: 3.12.2 Affected: 3.13

Credits

mikecole-mg (VulDB User)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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Mitigation ID: MIT-5.1

Phase: Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Description:

Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
When validating filenames, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set to be used. If feasible, only allow a single "." character in the filename to avoid weaknesses such as CWE-23, and exclude directory separators such as "/" to avoid CWE-36. Use a list of allowable file extensions, which will help to avoid CWE-434.
Do not rely exclusively on a filtering mechanism that removes potentially dangerous characters. This is equivalent to a denylist, which may be incomplete (CWE-184). For example, filtering "/" is insufficient protection if the filesystem also supports the use of "\" as a directory separator. Another possible error could occur when the filtering is applied in a way that still produces dangerous data (CWE-182). For example, if "../" sequences are removed from the ".../...//" string in a sequential fashion, two instances of "../" would be removed from the original string, but the remaining characters would still form the "../" string.

Mitigation ID: MIT-15

Phase: Architecture and Design

Description:

For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.

Mitigation ID: MIT-20.1

Phase: Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Description:

Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.
Use a built-in path canonicalization function (such as realpath() in C) that produces the canonical version of the pathname, which effectively removes ".." sequences and symbolic links (CWE-23, CWE-59). This includes:
realpath() in C
getCanonicalPath() in Java
GetFullPath() in ASP.NET
realpath() or abs_path() in Perl
realpath() in PHP

Mitigation ID: MIT-4

Phase: Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Description:

Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].

Mitigation ID: MIT-29

Phase: Operation

Strategy: Firewall

Description:

Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].

Mitigation ID: MIT-17

Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Description:

Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.

Mitigation ID: MIT-21.1

Phase: Architecture and Design

Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion

Description:

When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
For example, ID 1 could map to "inbox.txt" and ID 2 could map to "profile.txt". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-185] provide this capability.

Mitigation ID: MIT-22

Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation

Strategy: Sandbox or Jail

Description:

Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.

Mitigation ID: MIT-34

Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

Description:

Store library, include, and utility files outside of the web document root, if possible. Otherwise, store them in a separate directory and use the web server's access control capabilities to prevent attackers from directly requesting them. One common practice is to define a fixed constant in each calling program, then check for the existence of the constant in the library/include file; if the constant does not exist, then the file was directly requested, and it can exit immediately.
This significantly reduces the chance of an attacker being able to bypass any protection mechanisms that are in the base program but not in the include files. It will also reduce the attack surface.

Mitigation ID: MIT-39

Phase: Implementation

Description:

Ensure that error messages only contain minimal details that are useful to the intended audience and no one else. The messages need to strike the balance between being too cryptic (which can confuse users) or being too detailed (which may reveal more than intended). The messages should not reveal the methods that were used to determine the error. Attackers can use detailed information to refine or optimize their original attack, thereby increasing their chances of success.
If errors must be captured in some detail, record them in log messages, but consider what could occur if the log messages can be viewed by attackers. Highly sensitive information such as passwords should never be saved to log files.
Avoid inconsistent messaging that might accidentally tip off an attacker about internal state, such as whether a user account exists or not.
In the context of path traversal, error messages which disclose path information can help attackers craft the appropriate attack strings to move through the file system hierarchy.

Mitigation ID: MIT-16

Phases: Operation, Implementation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Description:

When using PHP, configure the application so that it does not use register_globals. During implementation, develop the application so that it does not rely on this feature, but be wary of implementing a register_globals emulation that is subject to weaknesses such as CWE-95, CWE-621, and similar issues.

CAPEC-126: Path Traversal

An adversary uses path manipulation methods to exploit insufficient input validation of a target to obtain access to data that should be not be retrievable by ordinary well-formed requests. A typical variety of this attack involves specifying a path to a desired file together with dot-dot-slash characters, resulting in the file access API or function traversing out of the intended directory structure and into the root file system. By replacing or modifying the expected path information the access function or API retrieves the file desired by the attacker. These attacks either involve the attacker providing a complete path to a targeted file or using control characters (e.g. path separators (/ or \) and/or dots (.)) to reach desired directories or files.

CAPEC-64: Using Slashes and URL Encoding Combined to Bypass Validation Logic

This attack targets the encoding of the URL combined with the encoding of the slash characters. An attacker can take advantage of the multiple ways of encoding a URL and abuse the interpretation of the URL. A URL may contain special character that need special syntax handling in order to be interpreted. Special characters are represented using a percentage character followed by two digits representing the octet code of the original character (%HEX-CODE). For instance US-ASCII space character would be represented with %20. This is often referred as escaped ending or percent-encoding. Since the server decodes the URL from the requests, it may restrict the access to some URL paths by validating and filtering out the URL requests it received. An attacker will try to craft an URL with a sequence of special characters which once interpreted by the server will be equivalent to a forbidden URL. It can be difficult to protect against this attack since the URL can contain other format of encoding such as UTF-8 encoding, Unicode-encoding, etc.

CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls

An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.

CAPEC-78: Using Escaped Slashes in Alternate Encoding

This attack targets the use of the backslash in alternate encoding. An adversary can provide a backslash as a leading character and causes a parser to believe that the next character is special. This is called an escape. By using that trick, the adversary tries to exploit alternate ways to encode the same character which leads to filter problems and opens avenues to attack.

CAPEC-79: Using Slashes in Alternate Encoding

This attack targets the encoding of the Slash characters. An adversary would try to exploit common filtering problems related to the use of the slashes characters to gain access to resources on the target host. Directory-driven systems, such as file systems and databases, typically use the slash character to indicate traversal between directories or other container components. For murky historical reasons, PCs (and, as a result, Microsoft OSs) choose to use a backslash, whereas the UNIX world typically makes use of the forward slash. The schizophrenic result is that many MS-based systems are required to understand both forms of the slash. This gives the adversary many opportunities to discover and abuse a number of common filtering problems. The goal of this pattern is to discover server software that only applies filters to one version, but not the other.

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