Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-122

Allowed

Heap-based Buffer Overflow

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

A heap overflow condition is a buffer overflow, where the buffer that can be overwritten is allocated in the heap portion of memory, generally meaning that the buffer was allocated using a routine such as malloc().

4092 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2023-44428 (GCVE-0-2023-44428)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-05-03 02:13 – Updated: 2024-08-02 20:07
VLAI
Title
MuseScore CAP File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
MuseScore CAP File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of MuseScore. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of CAP files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-20769.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
zdi
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
MuseScore MuseScore Affected: 4.0.2.230651553
Create a notification for this product.
musescore musescore Affected: 4.0.2.230651553
    cpe:2.3:a:musescore:musescore:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2023-10-04 23:06
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-44418 (GCVE-0-2023-44418)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-05-03 02:13 – Updated: 2024-08-02 20:07
VLAI
Title
D-Link DIR-X3260 Prog.cgi Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
D-Link DIR-X3260 Prog.cgi Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DIR-X3260 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the prog.cgi binary, which handles HNAP requests made to the lighttpd webserver. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length an user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-20727.
Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
zdi
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
D-Link DIR-X3260 Affected: 1.02B02
Create a notification for this product.
dlink dir-x3260 Affected: 1.04b01
    cpe:2.3:o:dlink:dir-x3260:1.04b01:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2023-10-04 23:06
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-43787 (GCVE-0-2023-43787)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-10-10 12:26 – Updated: 2025-11-06 22:59
VLAI
Title
Libx11: integer overflow in xcreateimage() leading to a heap overflow
Summary
A vulnerability was found in libX11 due to an integer overflow within the XCreateImage() function. This flaw allows a local user to trigger an integer overflow and execute arbitrary code with elevated privileges.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Affected: 0 , < 1.8.7 (semver)
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 Unaffected: 0:1.6.8-8.el8 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream
 Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 Unaffected: 0:1.7.0-9.el9 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream
 Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6     cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7     cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7
 Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2023-10-04 00:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-42085 (GCVE-0-2023-42085)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-05-03 02:13 – Updated: 2024-08-02 19:16
VLAI
Title
PDF-XChange Editor EMF File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
PDF-XChange Editor EMF File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of EMF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-22061.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
zdi
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
PDF-XChange PDF-XChange Editor Affected: 10.0.1.371
Create a notification for this product.
pdf-xchange pdf-xchange_editor Affected: 10.0.1.371
    cpe:2.3:a:pdf-xchange:pdf-xchange_editor:10.0.1.371:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
pdf-xchange pdf-tools Affected: 10.0.1.371
    cpe:2.3:a:pdf-xchange:pdf-tools:10.0.1.371:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
pdf-xchange pdf-xchange_pro Affected: 10.0.1.371
    cpe:2.3:a:pdf-xchange:pdf-xchange_pro:10.0.1.371:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2023-09-08 16:31
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-42083 (GCVE-0-2023-42083)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-05-03 02:12 – Updated: 2024-08-02 19:16
VLAI
Title
PDF-XChange Editor JPG File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
PDF-XChange Editor JPG File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of JPG files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-21967.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
zdi
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
PDF-XChange PDF-XChange Editor Affected: 10.0.1.371
Create a notification for this product.
pdf-xchange pdf-xchange_editor Affected: 10.0.1.371
    cpe:2.3:a:pdf-xchange:pdf-xchange_editor:10.0.1.371:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
pdf-xchange pdf-tools Affected: 10.0.1.371
    cpe:2.3:a:pdf-xchange:pdf-tools:10.0.1.371:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
pdf-xchange pdf-xchange_pro Affected: 10.0.1.371
    cpe:2.3:a:pdf-xchange:pdf-xchange_pro:10.0.1.371:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2023-09-08 16:31
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-42077 (GCVE-0-2023-42077)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-05-03 02:12 – Updated: 2024-08-02 19:16
VLAI
Title
PDF-XChange Editor EMF File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
PDF-XChange Editor EMF File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of EMF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-21818.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
zdi
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
PDF-XChange PDF-XChange Editor Affected: 10.0.1.371
Create a notification for this product.
pdf-xchange pdf-xchange_editor Affected: 10.0.1.371
    cpe:2.3:a:pdf-xchange:pdf-xchange_editor:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2023-09-08 16:30
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-42076 (GCVE-0-2023-42076)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-05-03 02:12 – Updated: 2024-08-02 19:16
VLAI
Title
PDF-XChange Editor PDF File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
PDF-XChange Editor PDF File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of PDF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-21762.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
zdi
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
PDF-XChange PDF-XChange Editor Affected: 10.0.1.371
Create a notification for this product.
pdf-xchange pdf-xchange_editor Affected: 10.0.1.371
    cpe:2.3:a:pdf-xchange:pdf-xchange_editor:10.0.1.371:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
pdf-xchange pdf-tools Affected: 10.0.1.371
    cpe:2.3:a:pdf-xchange:pdf-tools:10.0.1.371:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
pdf-xchange pdf-xchange_pro Affected: 10.0.1.371
    cpe:2.3:a:pdf-xchange:pdf-xchange_pro:10.0.1.371:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2023-09-08 16:30
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
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CVE-2023-42039 (GCVE-0-2023-42039)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-05-03 02:12 – Updated: 2024-09-18 18:30
VLAI
Title
Kofax Power PDF PDF File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Kofax Power PDF PDF File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Kofax Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of PDF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. . Was ZDI-CAN-21603.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
zdi
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Kofax Power PDF Affected: 5.0.0.57 (5.0.0.10)
Create a notification for this product.
kofax power_pdf Affected: 0 , < 5.0.0.12 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:kofax:power_pdf:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2023-09-08 16:32
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-42038 (GCVE-0-2023-42038)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-05-03 02:12 – Updated: 2024-09-18 18:30
VLAI
Title
Kofax Power PDF PDF File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Kofax Power PDF PDF File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Kofax Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of PDF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-21602.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
zdi
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Kofax Power PDF Affected: 5.0.0.57 (5.0.0.10)
Create a notification for this product.
kofax power_pdf Affected: 0 , < 5.0.0.12 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:kofax:power_pdf:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2023-09-08 16:31
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-41276 (GCVE-0-2023-41276)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-02-02 16:04 – Updated: 2025-06-17 21:29
VLAI
Title
QTS, QuTS hero, QuTScloud
Summary
A buffer copy without checking size of input vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow authenticated administrators to execute code via a network. We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions: QTS 5.1.2.2533 build 20230926 and later QuTS hero h5.1.2.2534 build 20230927 and later QuTScloud c5.1.5.2651 and later
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
QNAP Systems Inc. QTS Affected: 5.1.x , < 5.1.2.2533 build 20230926 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
QNAP Systems Inc. QuTS hero Affected: h5.1.x , < h5.1.2.2534 build 20230927 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
QNAP Systems Inc. QuTScloud Affected: c5.x.x , < c5.1.5.2651 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Jiaxu Zhao && Bingwei Peng
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation

Pre-design: Use a language or compiler that performs automatic bounds checking.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.

Mitigation MIT-10
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation
Implementation

Implement and perform bounds checking on input.

Mitigation
Implementation

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Look for their safe equivalent, which checks for the boundary.

Mitigation
Operation

Use OS-level preventative functionality. This is not a complete solution, but it provides some defense in depth.

CAPEC-92: Forced Integer Overflow

This attack forces an integer variable to go out of range. The integer variable is often used as an offset such as size of memory allocation or similarly. The attacker would typically control the value of such variable and try to get it out of range. For instance the integer in question is incremented past the maximum possible value, it may wrap to become a very small, or negative number, therefore providing a very incorrect value which can lead to unexpected behavior. At worst the attacker can execute arbitrary code.

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