CWE-121
AllowedStack-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).
5412 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-44JX-MM6H-R8WP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-13 18:31 – Updated: 2025-11-13 18:31A stack-based buffer overflow exists in the get_merge_mac function of the httpd binary on Linksys E1200 v2 routers (Firmware E1200_v2.0.11.001_us.tar.gz). The function concatenates up to six user-supplied CGI parameters matching _0~5 into a fixed-size buffer (a2) without proper bounds checking, appending colon delimiters during concatenation. Remote attackers can exploit this vulnerability via specially crafted HTTP requests to execute arbitrary code or cause denial of service without authentication.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-60693"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-13T18:15:53Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A stack-based buffer overflow exists in the get_merge_mac function of the httpd binary on Linksys E1200 v2 routers (Firmware E1200_v2.0.11.001_us.tar.gz). The function concatenates up to six user-supplied CGI parameters matching \u003cparameter\u003e_0~5 into a fixed-size buffer (a2) without proper bounds checking, appending colon delimiters during concatenation. Remote attackers can exploit this vulnerability via specially crafted HTTP requests to execute arbitrary code or cause denial of service without authentication.",
"id": "GHSA-44jx-mm6h-r8wp",
"modified": "2025-11-13T18:31:06Z",
"published": "2025-11-13T18:31:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-60693"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/yifan20020708/SGTaint-0-day/blob/main/Linksys/Linksys-E1200/CVE-2025-60693.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.linksys.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://linksys.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4525-8CQ6-CF8M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-12 00:30 – Updated: 2023-01-19 18:30Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the "cc" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd s_net, at 0x9d018234, the value for the sub key is copied using strcpy to the buffer at $sp+0x2b0.This buffer is 32 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-16281"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-11T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the \"cc\" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd s_net, at 0x9d018234, the value for the `sub` key is copied using `strcpy` to the buffer at `$sp+0x2b0`.This buffer is 32 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.",
"id": "GHSA-4525-8cq6-cf8m",
"modified": "2023-01-19T18:30:21Z",
"published": "2023-01-12T00:30:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-16281"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2017-0483"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4545-Q8RV-G7F9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-30 21:30 – Updated: 2024-12-30 21:30Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt AR File Parsing Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of AR files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-24848.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-13045"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-30T21:15:06Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt AR File Parsing Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of AR files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-24848.",
"id": "GHSA-4545-q8rv-g7f9",
"modified": "2024-12-30T21:30:47Z",
"published": "2024-12-30T21:30:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-13045"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-1729"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-455W-HJGQ-78WR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-13 12:31 – Updated: 2025-05-13 12:31A vulnerability has been identified in SCALANCE LPE9403 (6GK5998-3GS00-2AC2) (All versions). Affected devices are vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow. This could allow a non-privileged local attacker to execute arbitrary code on the device or to cause a denial of service condition.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-40579"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-13T10:15:27Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in SCALANCE LPE9403 (6GK5998-3GS00-2AC2) (All versions). Affected devices are vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow.\nThis could allow a non-privileged local attacker to execute arbitrary code on the device or to cause a denial of service condition.",
"id": "GHSA-455w-hjgq-78wr",
"modified": "2025-05-13T12:31:36Z",
"published": "2025-05-13T12:31:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-40579"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-327438.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-45C4-27GX-7RWQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-13 21:30 – Updated: 2023-04-13 21:30Adobe Substance 3D Designer version 12.4.0 (and earlier) is affected by a Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-26412"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-04-13T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Adobe Substance 3D Designer version 12.4.0 (and earlier) is affected by a Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-45c4-27gx-7rwq",
"modified": "2023-04-13T21:30:26Z",
"published": "2023-04-13T21:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-26412"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/substance3d_designer/apsb23-28.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-45J4-9VF9-P9QF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:30 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:30D-Link DAP-1325 SetAPLanSettings PrimaryDNS Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-1325 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the handling of XML data provided to the HNAP1 SOAP endpoint. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-18829.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-41203"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T03:15:31Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "D-Link DAP-1325 SetAPLanSettings PrimaryDNS Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-1325 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the handling of XML data provided to the HNAP1 SOAP endpoint. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-18829.",
"id": "GHSA-45j4-9vf9-p9qf",
"modified": "2024-05-03T03:30:59Z",
"published": "2024-05-03T03:30:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-41203"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://supportannouncement.us.dlink.com/announcement/publication.aspx?name=SAP10351"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1311"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-45JW-WJQW-9FQ9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-26 09:30 – Updated: 2026-06-26 09:30An unauthenticated stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in vlsvr in GeoVision GV-LPC2011 and GV-LPC2211 V1.12 and earlier. The vulnerability is caused by insufficient length validation when processing remote login data. A remote attacker may exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted login data with overly long input, resulting in memory corruption, denial of service, or potentially arbitrary code execution.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-57881"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-26T08:16:25Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An unauthenticated\nstack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in vlsvr in GeoVision\nGV-LPC2011 and GV-LPC2211 V1.12 and earlier. The vulnerability is caused by\ninsufficient length validation when processing remote login data. A remote\nattacker may exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted login data with\noverly long input, resulting in memory corruption, denial of service, or potentially\narbitrary code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-45jw-wjqw-9fq9",
"modified": "2026-06-26T09:30:47Z",
"published": "2026-06-26T09:30:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-57881"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.geovision.com.tw/cyber_security.php"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-45MC-5WQ7-GWVH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-28 15:30 – Updated: 2024-08-27 21:31Tenda FH1203 v2.0.1.6 has a stack overflow vulnerability in the schedEndTime parameter of the setSchedWifi function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-30600"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-28T15:15:46Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Tenda FH1203 v2.0.1.6 has a stack overflow vulnerability in the schedEndTime parameter of the setSchedWifi function.",
"id": "GHSA-45mc-5wq7-gwvh",
"modified": "2024-08-27T21:31:11Z",
"published": "2024-03-28T15:30:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-30600"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/FH/FH1203/setSchedWifi_end.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-46HP-9P3C-5JGH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-08 18:34 – Updated: 2025-04-08 18:34Stack-based buffer overflow in Windows Telephony Service allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-27481"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-08T18:15:58Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Stack-based buffer overflow in Windows Telephony Service allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.",
"id": "GHSA-46hp-9p3c-5jgh",
"modified": "2025-04-08T18:34:50Z",
"published": "2025-04-08T18:34:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-27481"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-27481"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-46JP-9FFG-29GF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-10 15:32 – Updated: 2024-12-10 15:32A vulnerability has been identified in Teamcenter Visualization V14.2 (All versions < V14.2.0.14), Teamcenter Visualization V14.3 (All versions < V14.3.0.12), Teamcenter Visualization V2312 (All versions < V2312.0008), Tecnomatix Plant Simulation V2302 (All versions < V2302.0016), Tecnomatix Plant Simulation V2404 (All versions < V2404.0005). The affected applications contain a stack based overflow vulnerability while parsing specially crafted WRL files. This could allow an attacker to execute code in the context of the current process. (ZDI-CAN-25000)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-53041"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-10T14:30:46Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in Teamcenter Visualization V14.2 (All versions \u003c V14.2.0.14), Teamcenter Visualization V14.3 (All versions \u003c V14.3.0.12), Teamcenter Visualization V2312 (All versions \u003c V2312.0008), Tecnomatix Plant Simulation V2302 (All versions \u003c V2302.0016), Tecnomatix Plant Simulation V2404 (All versions \u003c V2404.0005). The affected applications contain a stack based overflow vulnerability while parsing specially crafted WRL files.\nThis could allow an attacker to execute code in the context of the current process. (ZDI-CAN-25000)",
"id": "GHSA-46jp-9ffg-29gf",
"modified": "2024-12-10T15:32:31Z",
"published": "2024-12-10T15:32:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-53041"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-583523.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-645131.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.