Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-918

Allowed

Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)

Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete

API response cwe.mitre.org

The web server receives a URL or similar request from an upstream component and retrieves the contents of this URL, but it does not sufficiently ensure that the request is being sent to the expected destination.

4726 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-JHWW-FX2J-3RF7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-11-02 20:53 – Updated: 2023-11-02 20:53
VLAI
Summary
FoodCoopShop Server-Side Request Forgery vulnerability
Details

There is a potential SSRF vulnerability in foodcoopshop. Since there is no security policy on your Github, I tried to use the emails to contact you.

The potential issue is in the Network module, where a manufacturer account can use the /api/updateProducts.json endpoint to make the server send a request to arbitrary host. For example, use

data[data][0][remoteProductId]=352&data[data][0][image]=http://localhost:8888/

will make the server send a request to localhost:8888. This means that it can be used as a proxy into the internal network where the server is.

To make matters worse, the checks on valid image is not enough. There is time of check time of use issue there. For example, by using a custom server that returns 200 on HEAD requests, then return a valid image on first GET request and then a 302 redirect to final target on second GET request, the server will copy whatever file at the redirect destination, making this a full SSRF. (An example python server that can do this is at https://pastebin.com/8K5Brwbq This will make the server download whatever at the redirect target)

You can check https://cheatsheetseries.owasp.org/cheatsheets/Server_Side_Request_Forgery_Prevention_Cheat_Sheet.html for more information on SSRF, their impact and how to properly fix it.

Regards

Severity
8.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "foodcoopshop/foodcoopshop"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.2.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.6.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-46725"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-367",
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-11-02T20:53:19Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-11-02T15:15:08Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "There is a potential SSRF vulnerability in foodcoopshop. Since there is no security policy on your Github, I tried to use the emails to contact you.\n\nThe potential issue is in the Network module, where a manufacturer account can use the /api/updateProducts.json endpoint to make the server send a request to arbitrary host.\nFor example, use\n```\ndata[data][0][remoteProductId]=352\u0026data[data][0][image]=http://localhost:8888/\n```\nwill make the server send a request to localhost:8888. This means that it can be used as a proxy into the internal network where the server is.\n\nTo make matters worse, the checks on valid image is not enough. There is time of check time of use issue there.\nFor example, by using a custom server that returns 200 on HEAD requests, then return a valid image on first GET request and then a 302 redirect to final target on second GET request, the server will copy whatever file\nat the redirect destination, making this a full SSRF.\n(An example python server that can do this is at https://pastebin.com/8K5Brwbq This will make the server download whatever at the redirect target)\n\nYou can check https://cheatsheetseries.owasp.org/cheatsheets/Server_Side_Request_Forgery_Prevention_Cheat_Sheet.html for more information on SSRF, their impact and how to properly fix it.\n\nRegards",
  "id": "GHSA-jhww-fx2j-3rf7",
  "modified": "2023-11-02T20:53:19Z",
  "published": "2023-11-02T20:53:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/foodcoopshop/foodcoopshop/security/advisories/GHSA-jhww-fx2j-3rf7"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-46725"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/foodcoopshop/foodcoopshop/pull/972"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/foodcoopshop/foodcoopshop/commit/0d5bec5c4c22e1affe7fd321a30e3f3a4d99e808"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/foodcoopshop/foodcoopshop"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://pastebin.com/8K5Brwbq"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "FoodCoopShop Server-Side Request Forgery vulnerability"
}

GHSA-JJ25-48FW-GP3V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-06 21:14 – Updated: 2024-04-04 05:45
VLAI
Details

Teltonika’s Remote Management System versions prior to 4.10.0 contain a virtual private network (VPN) hub feature for cross-device communication that uses OpenVPN. It connects new devices in a manner that allows the new device to communicate with all Teltonika devices connected to the VPN. The OpenVPN server also allows users to route through it. An attacker could route a connection to a remote server through the OpenVPN server, enabling them to scan and access data from other Teltonika devices connected to the VPN.

Severity
5.8 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-32348"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-05-22T16:15:10Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "\nTeltonika\u2019s Remote Management System versions prior to 4.10.0 contain a virtual private network (VPN) hub feature for cross-device communication that uses OpenVPN. It connects new devices in a manner that allows the new device to communicate with all Teltonika devices connected to the VPN. The OpenVPN server also allows users to route through it. An attacker could route a connection to a remote server through the OpenVPN server, enabling them to scan and access data from other Teltonika devices connected to the VPN.\n\n",
  "id": "GHSA-jj25-48fw-gp3v",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T05:45:28Z",
  "published": "2023-07-06T21:14:59Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-32348"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-23-131-08"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-JJ54-8F66-C5PC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-10 20:10 – Updated: 2025-06-10 20:10
VLAI
Summary
[XBOW-025-068] XML External Entity (XXE) Processing Vulnerability in GeoServer WFS Service
Details

Summary

GeoServer Web Feature Service (WFS) web service was found to be vulnerable to GeoTools CVE-2025-30220 XML External Entity (XXE) processing attack.

It is possible to trigger the parsing of external DTDs and entities, bypassing standard entity resolvers. This allows for Out-of-Band (OOB) data exfiltration of local files accessible by the GeoServer process, and Service Side Request Forgery (SSRF).

Details

While direct entity resolution is managed by application property ENTITY_RESOLUTION_ALLOWLIST for XML Parsing, this restriction was not being used by the GeoTools library when building an in-memory XSD Library Schema representation.

This bypasses GeoServer's AllowListEntityResolver enabling XXE attacks.

PoC

No public PoC is provided but this vulnerability has been confirmed to be exploitable through WFS service.

Impact

  • Information Disclosure:

This vulnerability allows unauthenticated attackers to read arbitrary files from the server's filesystem that are accessible to the GeoServer process.

This can lead to exposure of sensitive information including configuration files, credentials, and system files. The attack can be performed remotely without authentication, making it particularly severe.

  • Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)

The mechanism inherently allows forcing GeoServer to make HTTP requests to arbitrary URLs, enabling SSRF attacks against internal network resources

References

Acknowledgements

This vulnerability was initially reported via an automated tool described below. Subsequently a duplicate report via @YacineF, and their patience working with the GeoServer project, was instrumental finding in escalating this issue and determining a resolution.

XBOW-025-068 Disclaimer

This vulnerability was detected using XBOW, a system that autonomously finds and exploits potential security vulnerabilities. The finding has been thoroughly reviewed and validated by a security researcher before submission. While XBOW is intended to work autonomously, during its development human experts ensure the accuracy and relevance of its reports.

Severity
8.2 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:L
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.geoserver.web:gs-web-app"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.27.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.27.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "2.27.0"
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.geoserver:gs-wfs"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.27.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.27.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "2.27.0"
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.26.2"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.geoserver.web:gs-web-app"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.26.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.26.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.26.2"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.geoserver:gs-wfs"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.26.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.26.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.25.6"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.geoserver.web:gs-web-app"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.25.7"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.25.6"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.geoserver:gs-wfs"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.25.7"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-30220"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-611",
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-06-10T20:10:06Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-06-10T16:15:37Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\nGeoServer Web Feature Service (WFS) web service was found to be vulnerable to GeoTools CVE-2025-30220 XML External Entity (XXE) processing attack.\n\nIt is possible to trigger the parsing of external DTDs and entities, bypassing standard entity resolvers.  This allows for Out-of-Band (OOB) data exfiltration of local files accessible by the GeoServer process, and Service Side Request Forgery (SSRF).\n\n## Details\n\nWhile direct entity resolution is managed by application property ENTITY_RESOLUTION_ALLOWLIST for XML Parsing, this restriction was not being used by the GeoTools library when building an in-memory XSD Library Schema representation.\n\nThis bypasses GeoServer\u0027s AllowListEntityResolver enabling XXE attacks.\n\n## PoC\n\nNo public PoC is provided but this vulnerability has been confirmed to be exploitable through WFS service.\n\n## Impact\n\n* Information Disclosure: \n\n  This vulnerability allows unauthenticated attackers to read arbitrary files from the server\u0027s filesystem that are accessible to the GeoServer process.\n  \n  This can lead to exposure of sensitive information including configuration files, credentials, and system files. The attack can be performed remotely without authentication, making it particularly severe.\n\n* Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) \n  \n  The mechanism inherently allows forcing GeoServer to make HTTP requests to arbitrary URLs, enabling SSRF attacks against internal network resources \n\n## References\n\n* [CVE-2025-30220](https://github.com/geotools/geotools/security/advisories/GHSA-826p-4gcg-35vw) XML External Entity (XXE) Processing Vulnerability in XSD schema handling\n* [External Entities Resolution](https://docs.geoserver.org/latest/en/user/production/config.html#production-config-external-entities) (GeoServer User Manual)\n\n## Acknowledgements\n\nThis vulnerability was initially reported via an automated tool described below. Subsequently a duplicate report via @YacineF, and their patience working with the GeoServer project, was instrumental finding in escalating this issue and determining a resolution.\n\n### XBOW-025-068 Disclaimer\n\nThis vulnerability was detected using **[XBOW](https://xbow.com/)**, a system that autonomously finds and exploits potential security vulnerabilities. The finding has been thoroughly reviewed and validated by a security researcher before submission. While XBOW is intended to work autonomously, during its development human experts ensure the accuracy and relevance of its reports.",
  "id": "GHSA-jj54-8f66-c5pc",
  "modified": "2025-06-10T20:10:07Z",
  "published": "2025-06-10T20:10:06Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/geonetwork/core-geonetwork/security/advisories/GHSA-2p76-gc46-5fvc"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/geoserver/geoserver/security/advisories/GHSA-jj54-8f66-c5pc"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/geotools/geotools/security/advisories/GHSA-826p-4gcg-35vw"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30220"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/geonetwork/core-geonetwork/pull/8757"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/geonetwork/core-geonetwork/pull/8803"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/geonetwork/core-geonetwork/pull/8812"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.geoserver.org/latest/en/user/production/config.html#production-config-external-entities"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/geoserver/geoserver"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "[XBOW-025-068] XML External Entity (XXE) Processing Vulnerability in GeoServer WFS Service"
}

GHSA-JJ94-W7R6-Q859

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-14 03:31 – Updated: 2026-07-14 03:31
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been found in nextlevelbuilder GoClaw 3.13.3-beta.3. Affected by this vulnerability is the function bytePlusDownloadVideo of the file internal/tools/create_video_byteplus.go of the component invoke Endpoint. The manipulation of the argument output.video_url leads to server-side request forgery. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
2.1 (Low)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-15624"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-14T02:16:54Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been found in nextlevelbuilder GoClaw 3.13.3-beta.3. Affected by this vulnerability is the function bytePlusDownloadVideo of the file internal/tools/create_video_byteplus.go of the component invoke Endpoint. The manipulation of the argument output.video_url leads to server-side request forgery. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.",
  "id": "GHSA-jj94-w7r6-q859",
  "modified": "2026-07-14T03:31:37Z",
  "published": "2026-07-14T03:31:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-15624"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nextlevelbuilder/goclaw/issues/1199"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nextlevelbuilder/goclaw"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-15624"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/855798"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/378126"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/378126/cti"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-JJFR-PQ2X-MF69

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-23 21:30 – Updated: 2025-06-20 21:31
VLAI
Details

A post-authenticated server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in Trend Micro Apex Central could allow an attacker to interact with internal or local services directly.

Please note: an attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability.

Severity
7.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-52331"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-01-23T21:15:09Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A post-authenticated server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in Trend Micro Apex Central could allow an attacker to interact with internal or local services directly.\n\nPlease note: an attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-jjfr-pq2x-mf69",
  "modified": "2025-06-20T21:31:50Z",
  "published": "2024-01-23T21:30:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-52331"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://success.trendmicro.com/dcx/s/solution/000296153?language=en_US"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-052"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-JJPP-CJC4-JW4H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:42 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:42
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered in ownCloud before 10.4. Because of an SSRF issue (via the apps/files_sharing/external remote parameter), an authenticated attacker can interact with local services blindly (aka Blind SSRF) or conduct a Denial Of Service attack.

Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-10252"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-02-19T07:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in ownCloud before 10.4. Because of an SSRF issue (via the apps/files_sharing/external remote parameter), an authenticated attacker can interact with local services blindly (aka Blind SSRF) or conduct a Denial Of Service attack.",
  "id": "GHSA-jjpp-cjc4-jw4h",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:42:38Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:42:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-10252"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://blog.hacktivesecurity.com/index.php?controller=post\u0026action=view\u0026id_post=44"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://owncloud.com/security-advisories/ssrf-in-add-to-your-owncloud-functionality"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://owncloud.org/changelog/server"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-JJWV-57XH-XR6R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-30 16:16 – Updated: 2026-04-06 17:26
VLAI
Summary
Gotenberg has Chromium deny-list bypass via case-insensitive URL scheme (bypass of GHSA-rh2x-ccvw-q7r3)
Details

Impact

The fix introduced in version 8.1.0 for GHSA-rh2x-ccvw-q7r3 (CVE-2024-21527) can be bypassed using mixed-case or uppercase URL schemes.

The default --chromium-deny-list value is ^file:(?!//\/tmp/).*. This regex is anchored to lowercase file: at the start. However, per RFC 3986 Section 3.1, URI schemes are case-insensitive. Chromium normalizes the scheme to lowercase before navigation, so a URL like FILE:///etc/passwd or File:///etc/passwd bypasses the deny-list check but still gets resolved by Chromium as file:///etc/passwd.

The root cause is in pkg/gotenberg/filter.go — the FilterDeadline function compiles the deny-list regex with regexp2.MustCompile(denied.String(), 0), where 0 means no flags (case-sensitive). Since the regex pattern itself doesn't include a (?i) flag, matching is strictly case-sensitive.

This affects both the URL endpoint and HTML conversion (via iframes, link tags, etc.).

Steps to Reproduce

  1. Start Gotenberg with default settings:
docker run --rm -p 3000:3000 gotenberg/gotenberg:8.26.0 gotenberg
  1. Read /etc/passwd via the URL endpoint using an uppercase scheme:
curl -X POST 'http://localhost:3000/forms/chromium/convert/url' \
  --form 'url=FILE:///etc/passwd' -o output.pdf

  1. Open output.pdf — it contains the contents of /etc/passwd.

  2. Alternatively, create an index.html:

<iframe src="FILE:///etc/passwd" width="100%" height="100%"></iframe>

Then convert it:

curl -X POST 'http://localhost:3000/forms/chromium/convert/html' \
  -F 'files=@index.html' -o output.pdf
  1. The resulting PDF contains /etc/passwd contents.

Mixed-case variants like File:, fILE:, fiLE: etc. all work as well.

Root Cause

  • pkg/modules/chromium/chromium.go defines the default deny-list as ^file:(?!//\/tmp/).*
  • pkg/gotenberg/filter.go compiles this with regexp2.MustCompile(denied.String(), 0) — flag 0 means case-sensitive
  • pkg/modules/chromium/events.go uses FilterDeadline to check intercepted request URLs against the deny-list
  • Chromium normalizes URL schemes to lowercase, so FILE:///etc/passwd becomes file:///etc/passwd after the deny-list check has already passed

Suggested Fix

Change the default deny-list regex to use a case-insensitive flag:

(?i)^file:(?!//\/tmp/).*

Or apply case-insensitive matching in FilterDeadline when compiling the regex.

Severity

This is effectively the same impact as CVE-2024-21527 — unauthenticated arbitrary file read from the Gotenberg container. An attacker can leak environment variables, configuration, credentials, and other sensitive data.

Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg/v8"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "8.29.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg/v7"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "7.10.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-27018"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-22",
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-30T16:16:07Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-30T21:17:08Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\n\nThe fix introduced in version 8.1.0 for GHSA-rh2x-ccvw-q7r3 (CVE-2024-21527) can be bypassed using mixed-case or uppercase URL schemes.\n\nThe default `--chromium-deny-list` value is `^file:(?!//\\/tmp/).*`. This regex is anchored to lowercase `file:` at the start. However, per RFC 3986 Section 3.1, URI schemes are case-insensitive. Chromium normalizes the scheme to lowercase before navigation, so a URL like `FILE:///etc/passwd` or `File:///etc/passwd` bypasses the deny-list check but still gets resolved by Chromium as `file:///etc/passwd`.\n\nThe root cause is in `pkg/gotenberg/filter.go` \u2014 the `FilterDeadline` function compiles the deny-list regex with `regexp2.MustCompile(denied.String(), 0)`, where `0` means no flags (case-sensitive). Since the regex pattern itself doesn\u0027t include a `(?i)` flag, matching is strictly case-sensitive.\n\nThis affects both the URL endpoint and HTML conversion (via iframes, link tags, etc.).\n\n### Steps to Reproduce\n\n1. Start Gotenberg with default settings:\n\n```bash\ndocker run --rm -p 3000:3000 gotenberg/gotenberg:8.26.0 gotenberg\n```\n\n2. Read `/etc/passwd` via the URL endpoint using an uppercase scheme:\n\n```bash\ncurl -X POST \u0027http://localhost:3000/forms/chromium/convert/url\u0027 \\\n  --form \u0027url=FILE:///etc/passwd\u0027 -o output.pdf\n```\n\n3. Open `output.pdf` \u2014 it contains the contents of `/etc/passwd`.\n\n4. Alternatively, create an `index.html`:\n\n```html\n\u003ciframe src=\"FILE:///etc/passwd\" width=\"100%\" height=\"100%\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n```\n\nThen convert it:\n\n```bash\ncurl -X POST \u0027http://localhost:3000/forms/chromium/convert/html\u0027 \\\n  -F \u0027files=@index.html\u0027 -o output.pdf\n```\n\n5. The resulting PDF contains `/etc/passwd` contents.\n\nMixed-case variants like `File:`, `fILE:`, `fiLE:` etc. all work as well.\n\n### Root Cause\n\n- `pkg/modules/chromium/chromium.go` defines the default deny-list as `^file:(?!//\\/tmp/).*`\n- `pkg/gotenberg/filter.go` compiles this with `regexp2.MustCompile(denied.String(), 0)` \u2014 flag `0` means case-sensitive\n- `pkg/modules/chromium/events.go` uses `FilterDeadline` to check intercepted request URLs against the deny-list\n- Chromium normalizes URL schemes to lowercase, so `FILE:///etc/passwd` becomes `file:///etc/passwd` after the deny-list check has already passed\n\n### Suggested Fix\n\nChange the default deny-list regex to use a case-insensitive flag:\n\n```\n(?i)^file:(?!//\\/tmp/).*\n```\n\nOr apply case-insensitive matching in `FilterDeadline` when compiling the regex.\n\n### Severity\n\nThis is effectively the same impact as CVE-2024-21527 \u2014 unauthenticated arbitrary file read from the Gotenberg container. An attacker can leak environment variables, configuration, credentials, and other sensitive data.",
  "id": "GHSA-jjwv-57xh-xr6r",
  "modified": "2026-04-06T17:26:27Z",
  "published": "2026-03-30T16:16:07Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg/security/advisories/GHSA-jjwv-57xh-xr6r"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg/security/advisories/GHSA-rh2x-ccvw-q7r3"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-27018"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg/commit/06b2b2e10c52b58135edbfe82e94d599eb0c5a11"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg/commit/8625a4e899eb75e6fcf46d28394334c7fd79fff5"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg/releases/tag/v8.29.0"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Gotenberg has Chromium deny-list bypass via case-insensitive URL scheme (bypass of GHSA-rh2x-ccvw-q7r3)"
}

GHSA-JM8P-MRCP-JGCX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:45 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:45
VLAI
Details

The copy function in application/admin/controller/Article.php in NoneCms 1.3.0 allows remote attackers to access the content of internal and external network resources via Server Side Request Forgery (SSRF), because URL validation only considers whether the URL contains the "csdn" substring.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-6029"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-01-23T06:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The copy function in application/admin/controller/Article.php in NoneCms 1.3.0 allows remote attackers to access the content of internal and external network resources via Server Side Request Forgery (SSRF), because URL validation only considers whether the URL contains the \"csdn\" substring.",
  "id": "GHSA-jm8p-mrcp-jgcx",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T03:45:22Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T03:45:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-6029"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://blackwolfsec.cc/2018/01/23/Nonecms_ssrf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-JM9P-6V87-5WR3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-01 12:31 – Updated: 2026-04-02 18:31
VLAI
Details

Blind server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in legacy connection methods of document co-authoring features in M-Files Server before 26.3 allow an unauthenticated attacker to cause the server to send HTTP GET requests to arbitrary URLs.

Severity
7.3 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-0932"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-01T11:15:58Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Blind server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in legacy connection methods of document co-authoring features in M-Files Server before 26.3 allow an unauthenticated attacker to cause the server to send HTTP GET requests to arbitrary URLs.",
  "id": "GHSA-jm9p-6v87-5wr3",
  "modified": "2026-04-02T18:31:36Z",
  "published": "2026-04-01T12:31:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-0932"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://empower.m-files.com/security-advisories/CVE-2026-0932"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://product.m-files.com/security-advisories/cve-2026-0932"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-JMCF-QQ6F-FGVG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:04 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:04
VLAI
Details

Vembu BDR Suite before 4.2.0 allows Unauthenticated SSRF via a GET request that specifies a hostname and port number.

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-26474"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352",
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-06-08T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Vembu BDR Suite before 4.2.0 allows Unauthenticated SSRF via a GET request that specifies a hostname and port number.",
  "id": "GHSA-jmcf-qq6f-fgvg",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:04:18Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:04:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-26474"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://csirt.divd.nl/2021/05/11/Vembu-zero-days"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://csirt.divd.nl/cases/DIVD-2020-00011"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://csirt.divd.nl/cves/CVE-2021-26474"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.divd.nl"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wbsec.nl/vembu"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

No mitigation information available for this CWE.

CAPEC-664: Server Side Request Forgery

An adversary exploits improper input validation by submitting maliciously crafted input to a target application running on a server, with the goal of forcing the server to make a request either to itself, to web services running in the server’s internal network, or to external third parties. If successful, the adversary’s request will be made with the server’s privilege level, bypassing its authentication controls. This ultimately allows the adversary to access sensitive data, execute commands on the server’s network, and make external requests with the stolen identity of the server. Server Side Request Forgery attacks differ from Cross Site Request Forgery attacks in that they target the server itself, whereas CSRF attacks exploit an insecure user authentication mechanism to perform unauthorized actions on the user's behalf.

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