Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-835

Allowed

Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition ('Infinite Loop')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product contains an iteration or loop with an exit condition that cannot be reached, i.e., an infinite loop.

1052 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-W8CG-4XHG-9FGW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-24 18:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:20
VLAI
Details

A flaw was found in FRRouting when parsing certain babeld unicast hello messages that are intended to be ignored. This issue may allow an attacker to send specially crafted hello messages with the unicast flag set, the interval field set to 0, or any TLV that contains a sub-TLV with the Mandatory flag set to enter an infinite loop and cause a denial of service.

Severity
3.5 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-3748"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-835"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-07-24T16:15:13Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A flaw was found in FRRouting when parsing certain babeld unicast hello messages that are intended to be ignored. This issue may allow an attacker to send specially crafted hello messages with the unicast flag set, the interval field set to 0, or any TLV that contains a sub-TLV with the Mandatory flag set to enter an infinite loop and cause a denial of service.",
  "id": "GHSA-w8cg-4xhg-9fgw",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T06:20:19Z",
  "published": "2023-07-24T18:30:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-3748"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-3748"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2223668"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-W8J3-PQ8G-8M7W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-18 16:33 – Updated: 2026-06-09 10:32
VLAI
Summary
iskorotkov/avro: CPU Exhaustion in Decoder
Details

CPU Exhaustion in Avro Decoder via Unbounded Block-Count Iteration

Summary

The Avro array and map decoders looped over an attacker-controlled block-count value without checking the underlying reader's error state inside the loop body. Reader.ReadBlockHeader returns the count as a Go int, which is 64-bit on amd64 / arm64 targets — so a producer can declare a block of up to math.MaxInt64 (~9.2 × 10¹⁸) elements followed by EOF (or any truncated payload), and the decoder will attempt that many no-op iterations before propagating the error. The realistic ceiling is "indefinite until the worker is killed externally" — a single hostile payload pins a CPU core until the process is OOM-killed, deadline-cancelled, or terminated. Remote, unauthenticated denial-of-service.

The fix exits the loop on the first inner-decode error. It does not bound the loop length itself; for full coverage on untrusted inputs, also configure Config.MaxSliceAllocSize and Config.MaxMapAllocSize (the latter introduced in v2.33.0).

Description

Avro arrays and maps are encoded as one or more blocks; each block declares an element count followed by that many encoded elements. The decoder reads the block count as a zigzag-encoded long, then iterates that many times calling an inner decoder.

Three iteration sites trusted the block count without checking the reader's accumulated error state between iterations:

  • codec_skip.go sliceSkipDecoder.Decode — skip helper for arrays.
  • codec_skip.go mapSkipDecoder.Decode — skip helper for maps.
  • reader_generic.go Reader.ReadArrayCB and Reader.ReadMapCB — callback-based decoders used by generic and unmarshaling code paths.

Because the inner Decode(nil, r) call is a no-op when r has already errored (it returns immediately without consuming bytes), the loop would run to completion even after the first iteration's EOF. On amd64 / arm64, Reader.ReadBlockHeader returns the count as int (= int64), so the loop bound is whatever the wire payload specified, up to math.MaxInt64. A modest 200-million-count payload (well under 2³¹) already burns several seconds; a math.MaxInt − 2 payload (the value used in the regression test TestDecoder_ArrayMultiBlockExceedsMaxInt from PR #9) effectively pins the goroutine until external kill.

This overlaps with GHSA-mc57-h6j3-3hmv: the same large-block-count payload that drives the unbounded loop here also drives the cumulative-arithmetic overflow there (cross-platform), and on a 32-bit target additionally triggers the union-index / byte-slice narrowing.

Affected components

File Function PR Fix commit
codec_skip.go sliceSkipDecoder.Decode — b124caa
codec_skip.go mapSkipDecoder.Decode — b124caa
reader_generic.go Reader.ReadArrayCB #4 2ce4242
reader_generic.go Reader.ReadMapCB #4 2ce4242

These are the audited and patched sites. Any other code path that iterates over an attacker-controlled count while calling a Reader-style decoder is structurally susceptible to the same pattern; reviewers of consumer code should grep for for range l / for i := 0; i < int(l); i++ near Reader method calls and confirm an in-loop error check.

Technical details

Vulnerable pattern:

for range l {
    d.decoder.Decode(nil, r)
    // r.Error may have been set by Decode; loop continues regardless.
}

After r.Error != nil, subsequent Decode calls short-circuit and return without consuming bytes or doing useful work, but the loop control variable still runs to l. With l = math.MaxInt64, the loop body executes ~9.2 × 10¹⁸ times — effectively infinite for any realistic timeout.

Fixed pattern (b124caa, 2ce4242):

for range l {
    d.decoder.Decode(nil, r)
    if r.Error != nil {
        break
    }
}

The fix terminates the loop on the first inner error. It does not bound l itself — a well-formed payload that actually contains N encoded null elements still iterates N times. The MaxSliceAllocSize / MaxMapAllocSize caps are the policy-level bound on that case (see Mitigation).

Fixed behavior

The reader's accumulated error is checked after every inner Decode in the four affected loops. Decoder errors now surface in O(1) iterations instead of O(blockCount) when the underlying read fails mid-stream.

Affected versions

  • github.com/hamba/avro/v2 — all versions up to and including v2.31.0 (repository is read-only upstream).
  • github.com/iskorotkov/avro/v2 — all versions prior to v2.33.0.

Fixed versions

github.com/iskorotkov/avro/v2 v2.33.0 and later. There is no upstream fix for github.com/hamba/avro/v2 — module path is archived. Migrate to the fork as described under Mitigation.

Mitigation

Migrate from github.com/hamba/avro/v2 to github.com/iskorotkov/avro/v2 >= v2.33.0. Replace the import path and run go mod tidy:

go get github.com/iskorotkov/avro/v2@latest

Or, for consumers that prefer the original import path, a replace directive in go.mod:

replace github.com/hamba/avro/v2 => github.com/iskorotkov/avro/v2 v2.33.0

replace is honoured only for the main module of a build — transitive consumers must add their own replace, or migrate the import path directly.

The error-propagation fix runs on the existing decode path and requires no configuration.

For defense-in-depth against well-formed but oversized payloads (where the fix above does not help, because no error fires), set explicit allocation caps:

cfg := avro.Config{
    MaxByteSliceSize:  102_400,
    MaxSliceAllocSize: 10_000,
    MaxMapAllocSize:   10_000,
}.Freeze()

decoder := cfg.NewDecoder(schema, reader)

MaxMapAllocSize is new in v2.33.0 and opt-in (default zero, which leaves the previous unbounded behavior). Without setting it, a producer that ships a math.MaxInt64-count block still consumes the corresponding memory and CPU; see GHSA-mx64-mj3q-7prj for the cumulative-allocation enforcement details.

If you cannot upgrade immediately, the structural workarounds are application-level: per-request decode timeouts, isolated decoder workers under CPU quotas, and rejection of payloads whose advertised block count exceeds a known sane bound for your schema.

Proof-of-concept input

A minimal payload that triggers the bug for an array of int:

zigzag-encoded long: math.MaxInt64   (block element count)
EOF                                  (no further bytes)

The decoder reads the block-count header, enters the loop, fails to read the first element (EOF), records the error, and then iterates math.MaxInt64 − 1 further times calling the inner decoder as a no-op. Wall-clock cost on commodity hardware: indefinite — the goroutine pins one CPU core until the process is OOM-killed, deadline-cancelled, or terminated externally. The classic "a few seconds per request" characterisation applies only to small-but-still-pathological block counts in the 10⁸–10⁹ range (e.g. 200_999_000 in TestDecoder_SkipArrayEOF); the architectural ceiling is math.MaxInt64.

A negative block count (-N) is also legal in Avro (signals an N-element block with an explicit byte length); the same iteration pattern applies once the count is negated.

References

Credits

  • Discovery and fixes (commits b124caa skip helpers and 2ce4242 callback path, PR #4): Daniel Błażewicz (@klajok)
  • Release authorship: Ivan Korotkov (@iskorotkov)

Timeline

  • 2026-04-28 — Skip-decoder fix (b124caa) merged.
  • 2026-04-30 — Callback-decoder fix (PR #4, 2ce4242) merged.
  • 2026-05-06 — v2.33.0 tagged and released.
  • 2026-05-11 — Advisory published.
  • 2026-05-15 — Advisory revised.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
8.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/iskorotkov/avro/v2"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.33.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-46385"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1284",
      "CWE-400",
      "CWE-835"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-18T16:33:43Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-29T20:16:27Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "# CPU Exhaustion in Avro Decoder via Unbounded Block-Count Iteration\n\n## Summary\n\nThe Avro array and map decoders looped over an attacker-controlled block-count value without checking the underlying reader\u0027s error state inside the loop body. `Reader.ReadBlockHeader` returns the count as a Go `int`, which is 64-bit on `amd64` / `arm64` targets \u2014 so a producer can declare a block of up to `math.MaxInt64` (~9.2 \u00d7 10\u00b9\u2078) elements followed by EOF (or any truncated payload), and the decoder will attempt that many no-op iterations before propagating the error. The realistic ceiling is \"indefinite until the worker is killed externally\" \u2014 a single hostile payload pins a CPU core until the process is OOM-killed, deadline-cancelled, or terminated. Remote, unauthenticated denial-of-service.\n\nThe fix exits the loop on the first inner-decode error. It does not bound the loop length itself; for full coverage on untrusted inputs, also configure `Config.MaxSliceAllocSize` and `Config.MaxMapAllocSize` (the latter introduced in `v2.33.0`).\n\n## Description\n\nAvro arrays and maps are encoded as one or more blocks; each block declares an element count followed by that many encoded elements. The decoder reads the block count as a zigzag-encoded `long`, then iterates that many times calling an inner decoder.\n\nThree iteration sites trusted the block count without checking the reader\u0027s accumulated error state between iterations:\n\n- `codec_skip.go` `sliceSkipDecoder.Decode` \u2014 skip helper for arrays.\n- `codec_skip.go` `mapSkipDecoder.Decode` \u2014 skip helper for maps.\n- `reader_generic.go` `Reader.ReadArrayCB` and `Reader.ReadMapCB` \u2014 callback-based decoders used by generic and unmarshaling code paths.\n\nBecause the inner `Decode(nil, r)` call is a no-op when `r` has already errored (it returns immediately without consuming bytes), the loop would run to completion even after the first iteration\u0027s EOF. On `amd64` / `arm64`, `Reader.ReadBlockHeader` returns the count as `int` (= `int64`), so the loop bound is whatever the wire payload specified, up to `math.MaxInt64`. A modest 200-million-count payload (well under 2\u00b3\u00b9) already burns several seconds; a `math.MaxInt \u2212 2` payload (the value used in the regression test `TestDecoder_ArrayMultiBlockExceedsMaxInt` from PR #9) effectively pins the goroutine until external kill.\n\nThis overlaps with [`GHSA-mc57-h6j3-3hmv`](https://github.com/iskorotkov/avro/security/advisories/GHSA-mc57-h6j3-3hmv): the same large-block-count payload that drives the unbounded loop here also drives the cumulative-arithmetic overflow there (cross-platform), and on a 32-bit target additionally triggers the union-index / byte-slice narrowing.\n\n## Affected components\n\n| File | Function | PR | Fix commit |\n|------|----------|----|------------|\n| `codec_skip.go` | `sliceSkipDecoder.Decode` | \u2014 | [`b124caa`](https://github.com/iskorotkov/avro/commit/b124caa58a821f68f100d86f045f9753b88881e8) |\n| `codec_skip.go` | `mapSkipDecoder.Decode` | \u2014 | [`b124caa`](https://github.com/iskorotkov/avro/commit/b124caa58a821f68f100d86f045f9753b88881e8) |\n| `reader_generic.go` | `Reader.ReadArrayCB` | [#4](https://github.com/iskorotkov/avro/pull/4) | [`2ce4242`](https://github.com/iskorotkov/avro/commit/2ce4242e6095d93470ab3b37ed6082b0596f325c) |\n| `reader_generic.go` | `Reader.ReadMapCB` | [#4](https://github.com/iskorotkov/avro/pull/4) | [`2ce4242`](https://github.com/iskorotkov/avro/commit/2ce4242e6095d93470ab3b37ed6082b0596f325c) |\n\nThese are the audited and patched sites. Any other code path that iterates over an attacker-controlled count while calling a `Reader`-style decoder is structurally susceptible to the same pattern; reviewers of consumer code should grep for `for range l` / `for i := 0; i \u003c int(l); i++` near `Reader` method calls and confirm an in-loop error check.\n\n## Technical details\n\n**Vulnerable pattern:**\n\n```go\nfor range l {\n    d.decoder.Decode(nil, r)\n    // r.Error may have been set by Decode; loop continues regardless.\n}\n```\n\nAfter `r.Error != nil`, subsequent `Decode` calls short-circuit and return without consuming bytes or doing useful work, but the loop control variable still runs to `l`. With `l = math.MaxInt64`, the loop body executes ~9.2 \u00d7 10\u00b9\u2078 times \u2014 effectively infinite for any realistic timeout.\n\n**Fixed pattern** ([`b124caa`](https://github.com/iskorotkov/avro/commit/b124caa58a821f68f100d86f045f9753b88881e8), [`2ce4242`](https://github.com/iskorotkov/avro/commit/2ce4242e6095d93470ab3b37ed6082b0596f325c)):\n\n```go\nfor range l {\n    d.decoder.Decode(nil, r)\n    if r.Error != nil {\n        break\n    }\n}\n```\n\nThe fix terminates the loop on the first inner error. It does **not** bound `l` itself \u2014 a well-formed payload that actually contains `N` encoded `null` elements still iterates `N` times. The `MaxSliceAllocSize` / `MaxMapAllocSize` caps are the policy-level bound on that case (see Mitigation).\n\n## Fixed behavior\n\nThe reader\u0027s accumulated error is checked after every inner `Decode` in the four affected loops. Decoder errors now surface in O(1) iterations instead of O(blockCount) when the underlying read fails mid-stream.\n\n## Affected versions\n\n- `github.com/hamba/avro/v2` \u2014 all versions up to and including `v2.31.0` (repository is read-only upstream).\n- `github.com/iskorotkov/avro/v2` \u2014 all versions prior to `v2.33.0`.\n\n## Fixed versions\n\n`github.com/iskorotkov/avro/v2` `v2.33.0` and later. There is no upstream fix for `github.com/hamba/avro/v2` \u2014 module path is archived. Migrate to the fork as described under Mitigation.\n\n## Mitigation\n\nMigrate from `github.com/hamba/avro/v2` to `github.com/iskorotkov/avro/v2 \u003e= v2.33.0`. Replace the import path and run `go mod tidy`:\n\n```bash\ngo get github.com/iskorotkov/avro/v2@latest\n```\n\nOr, for consumers that prefer the original import path, a `replace` directive in `go.mod`:\n\n```\nreplace github.com/hamba/avro/v2 =\u003e github.com/iskorotkov/avro/v2 v2.33.0\n```\n\n`replace` is honoured only for the **main** module of a build \u2014 transitive consumers must add their own `replace`, or migrate the import path directly.\n\nThe error-propagation fix runs on the existing decode path and requires no configuration.\n\nFor defense-in-depth against well-formed but oversized payloads (where the fix above does not help, because no error fires), set explicit allocation caps:\n\n```go\ncfg := avro.Config{\n    MaxByteSliceSize:  102_400,\n    MaxSliceAllocSize: 10_000,\n    MaxMapAllocSize:   10_000,\n}.Freeze()\n\ndecoder := cfg.NewDecoder(schema, reader)\n```\n\n`MaxMapAllocSize` is new in `v2.33.0` and opt-in (default zero, which leaves the previous unbounded behavior). Without setting it, a producer that ships a `math.MaxInt64`-count block still consumes the corresponding memory and CPU; see [`GHSA-mx64-mj3q-7prj`](https://github.com/iskorotkov/avro/security/advisories/GHSA-mx64-mj3q-7prj) for the cumulative-allocation enforcement details.\n\nIf you cannot upgrade immediately, the structural workarounds are application-level: per-request decode timeouts, isolated decoder workers under CPU quotas, and rejection of payloads whose advertised block count exceeds a known sane bound for your schema.\n\n## Proof-of-concept input\n\nA minimal payload that triggers the bug for an array of `int`:\n\n```\nzigzag-encoded long: math.MaxInt64   (block element count)\nEOF                                  (no further bytes)\n```\n\nThe decoder reads the block-count header, enters the loop, fails to read the first element (EOF), records the error, and then iterates `math.MaxInt64 \u2212 1` further times calling the inner decoder as a no-op. Wall-clock cost on commodity hardware: indefinite \u2014 the goroutine pins one CPU core until the process is OOM-killed, deadline-cancelled, or terminated externally. The classic *\"a few seconds per request\"* characterisation applies only to small-but-still-pathological block counts in the 10\u2078\u201310\u2079 range (e.g. `200_999_000` in `TestDecoder_SkipArrayEOF`); the architectural ceiling is `math.MaxInt64`.\n\nA negative block count (`-N`) is also legal in Avro (signals an N-element block with an explicit byte length); the same iteration pattern applies once the count is negated.\n\n## References\n\n- Fix PR: [iskorotkov/avro#4](https://github.com/iskorotkov/avro/pull/4) (callback path)\n- Fix commits: [`b124caa`](https://github.com/iskorotkov/avro/commit/b124caa58a821f68f100d86f045f9753b88881e8) (skip helpers), [`2ce4242`](https://github.com/iskorotkov/avro/commit/2ce4242e6095d93470ab3b37ed6082b0596f325c) (callback path)\n- Release: [`v2.33.0`](https://github.com/iskorotkov/avro/releases/tag/v2.33.0)\n- Security policy: [`SECURITY.md`](https://github.com/iskorotkov/avro/blob/main/SECURITY.md)\n- Related advisories on this fork: [`GHSA-mc57-h6j3-3hmv`](https://github.com/iskorotkov/avro/security/advisories/GHSA-mc57-h6j3-3hmv) (integer overflow \u2014 same large-block-count payload also triggers cumulative-arithmetic overflow there), [`GHSA-mx64-mj3q-7prj`](https://github.com/iskorotkov/avro/security/advisories/GHSA-mx64-mj3q-7prj) (unbounded map allocation \u2014 the policy-level bound on well-formed huge inputs)\n- Cross-module precedent on `hamba/avro`: [`GO-2023-1930`](https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2023-1930) / `CVE-2023-37475` / `GHSA-9x44-9pgq-cf45`\n- Upstream (read-only): [`hamba/avro`](https://github.com/hamba/avro)\n\n## Credits\n\n- **Discovery and fixes** (commits `b124caa` skip helpers and `2ce4242` callback path, PR #4): Daniel B\u0142a\u017cewicz ([@klajok](https://github.com/klajok))\n- **Release authorship**: Ivan Korotkov ([@iskorotkov](https://github.com/iskorotkov))\n\n## Timeline\n\n- **2026-04-28** \u2014 Skip-decoder fix (`b124caa`) merged.\n- **2026-04-30** \u2014 Callback-decoder fix (PR #4, `2ce4242`) merged.\n- **2026-05-06** \u2014 `v2.33.0` tagged and released.\n- **2026-05-11** \u2014 Advisory published.\n- **2026-05-15** \u2014 Advisory revised.",
  "id": "GHSA-w8j3-pq8g-8m7w",
  "modified": "2026-06-09T10:32:33Z",
  "published": "2026-05-18T16:33:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/iskorotkov/avro/security/advisories/GHSA-w8j3-pq8g-8m7w"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-46385"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/iskorotkov/avro"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "iskorotkov/avro: CPU Exhaustion in Decoder"
}

GHSA-WC26-F4H3-2VXX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-16 00:00 – Updated: 2022-04-26 00:00
VLAI
Details

A denial of service vulnerability exists in the parseNormalModeParameters functionality of MZ Automation GmbH libiec61850 1.5.0. A specially-crafted series of network requests can lead to denial of service. An attacker can send a sequence of malformed iec61850 messages to trigger this vulnerability.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-21159"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-835"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-04-15T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A denial of service vulnerability exists in the parseNormalModeParameters functionality of MZ Automation GmbH libiec61850 1.5.0. A specially-crafted series of network requests can lead to denial of service. An attacker can send a sequence of malformed iec61850 messages to trigger this vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-wc26-f4h3-2vxx",
  "modified": "2022-04-26T00:00:58Z",
  "published": "2022-04-16T00:00:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-21159"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mz-automation/libiec61850/commit/cfa94cbf10302bedc779703f874ee2e8387a0721"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2022-1467"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2022-1467"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WCPQ-CWVV-7PJ4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-14 18:32 – Updated: 2026-07-14 18:32
VLAI
Details

Loop with unreachable exit condition ('infinite loop') in Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS) allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-50647"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-835"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-14T18:17:58Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Loop with unreachable exit condition (\u0027infinite loop\u0027) in Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS) allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network.",
  "id": "GHSA-wcpq-cwvv-7pj4",
  "modified": "2026-07-14T18:32:28Z",
  "published": "2026-07-14T18:32:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-50647"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-50647"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WCXF-GXV3-7XCH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:49 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:49
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered in Asterisk Open Source 15.x before 15.4.1. When connected to Asterisk via TCP/TLS, if the client abruptly disconnects, or sends a specially crafted message, then Asterisk gets caught in an infinite loop while trying to read the data stream. This renders the system unusable.

Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-12228"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-835"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-06-12T04:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in Asterisk Open Source 15.x before 15.4.1. When connected to Asterisk via TCP/TLS, if the client abruptly disconnects, or sends a specially crafted message, then Asterisk gets caught in an infinite loop while trying to read the data stream. This renders the system unusable.",
  "id": "GHSA-wcxf-gxv3-7xch",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:49:31Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:49:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-12228"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://issues.asterisk.org/jira/browse/ASTERISK-27807"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://downloads.asterisk.org/pub/security/AST-2018-007.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/104457"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WF85-G3P6-XF4H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:37 – Updated: 2025-04-29 15:31
VLAI
Details

GNOME gdk-pixbuf (aka GdkPixbuf) before 2.42.2 allows a denial of service (infinite loop) in lzw.c in the function write_indexes. if c->self_code equals 10, self->code_table[10].extends will assign the value 11 to c. The next execution in the loop will assign self->code_table[11].extends to c, which will give the value of 10. This will make the loop run infinitely. This bug can, for example, be triggered by calling this function with a GIF image with LZW compression that is crafted in a special way.

Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-29385"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-835"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-12-26T02:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "GNOME gdk-pixbuf (aka GdkPixbuf) before 2.42.2 allows a denial of service (infinite loop) in lzw.c in the function write_indexes. if c-\u003eself_code equals 10, self-\u003ecode_table[10].extends will assign the value 11 to c. The next execution in the loop will assign self-\u003ecode_table[11].extends to c, which will give the value of 10. This will make the loop run infinitely. This bug can, for example, be triggered by calling this function with a GIF image with LZW compression that is crafted in a special way.",
  "id": "GHSA-wf85-g3p6-xf4h",
  "modified": "2025-04-29T15:31:13Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:37:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-29385"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=977166"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gdk-pixbuf/-/blob/master/NEWS"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gdk-pixbuf/-/issues/164"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/B5H3GNVWMZTYZR3JBYCK57PF7PFMQBNP"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/BGZVCTH5O7WBJLYXZ2UOKLYNIFPVR55D"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/EANWYODLOJDFLMBH6WEKJJMQ5PKLEWML"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/B5H3GNVWMZTYZR3JBYCK57PF7PFMQBNP"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/BGZVCTH5O7WBJLYXZ2UOKLYNIFPVR55D"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/EANWYODLOJDFLMBH6WEKJJMQ5PKLEWML"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202012-15"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2020-29385"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WFFR-63M7-Q9Q4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:42 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:42
VLAI
Details

The ReadTXTImage function in coders/txt.c in ImageMagick through 6.9.9-0 and 7.x through 7.0.6-1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (infinite loop) via a crafted file, because the end-of-file condition is not considered.

Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-11523"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-835"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-07-22T21:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The ReadTXTImage function in coders/txt.c in ImageMagick through 6.9.9-0 and 7.x through 7.0.6-1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (infinite loop) via a crafted file, because the end-of-file condition is not considered.",
  "id": "GHSA-wffr-63m7-q9q4",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:42:23Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:42:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-11523"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/issues/591"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/commit/83e0f8ffd7eeb7661b0ff83257da23d24ca7f078"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/commit/a8f9c2aabed37cd6a728532d1aed13ae0f3dfd78"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugs.debian.org/869210"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/05/msg00015.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-4019"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WGP5-W6WQ-7X25

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:42 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:42
VLAI
Details

The ReadOneDJVUImage function in coders/djvu.c in ImageMagick through 6.9.9-0 and 7.x through 7.0.6-1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (infinite loop and CPU consumption) via a malformed DJVU image.

Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-11478"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-835"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-07-20T16:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The ReadOneDJVUImage function in coders/djvu.c in ImageMagick through 6.9.9-0 and 7.x through 7.0.6-1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (infinite loop and CPU consumption) via a malformed DJVU image.",
  "id": "GHSA-wgp5-w6wq-7x25",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:42:20Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:42:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-11478"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/issues/528"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=867826"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WGW9-XP6Q-63V8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:27 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:27
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered in cp-demangle.c in GNU libiberty, as distributed in GNU Binutils 2.31. There is a stack consumption vulnerability resulting from infinite recursion in the functions d_name(), d_encoding(), and d_local_name() in cp-demangle.c. Remote attackers could leverage this vulnerability to cause a denial-of-service via an ELF file, as demonstrated by nm.

Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-18700"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-835"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-10-29T12:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in cp-demangle.c in GNU libiberty, as distributed in GNU Binutils 2.31. There is a stack consumption vulnerability resulting from infinite recursion in the functions d_name(), d_encoding(), and d_local_name() in cp-demangle.c. Remote attackers could leverage this vulnerability to cause a denial-of-service via an ELF file, as demonstrated by nm.",
  "id": "GHSA-wgw9-xp6q-63v8",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:27:12Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:27:12Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-18700"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=87681"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4326-1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4336-1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WJCC-CQ79-P63F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-31 22:22 – Updated: 2023-10-31 22:22
VLAI
Summary
Possible Infinite Loop when PdfWriter(clone_from) is used with a PDF
Details

Impact

An attacker who uses this vulnerability can craft a PDF which leads to an infinite loop. This infinite loop blocks the current process and can utilize a single core of the CPU by 100%. It does not affect memory usage.

That is, for example, the case when the pypdf-user manipulates an incoming malicious PDF e.g. by merging it with another PDF or by adding annotations.

Patches

The issue was fixed with #2264

Workarounds

If you cannot update your version of pypdf, you should modify pypdf/generic/_data_structures.py just like #2264 did.

Severity
5.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "pypdf"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.7.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.17.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-46250"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-835"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-10-31T22:22:50Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-10-31T16:15:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\nAn attacker who uses this vulnerability can craft a PDF which leads to an infinite loop.\nThis infinite loop blocks the current process and can utilize a single core of the CPU by 100%. It does not affect memory usage.\n\nThat is, for example, the case when the pypdf-user manipulates an incoming malicious PDF e.g. by merging it with another PDF or by adding annotations.\n\n### Patches\nThe issue was fixed with #2264\n\n### Workarounds\nIf you cannot update your version of pypdf, you should modify `pypdf/generic/_data_structures.py` just like #2264 did.",
  "id": "GHSA-wjcc-cq79-p63f",
  "modified": "2023-10-31T22:22:50Z",
  "published": "2023-10-31T22:22:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/security/advisories/GHSA-wjcc-cq79-p63f"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-46250"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/pull/2264"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/commit/9b23ac3c9619492570011d551d521690de9a3e2d"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Possible Infinite Loop when PdfWriter(clone_from) is used with a PDF"
}

No mitigation information available for this CWE.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.

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