CWE-77
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
5381 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-X749-4JC5-GXMR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-22 21:32 – Updated: 2025-04-10 21:31Possible Command injection Vulnerability
in iManager has been discovered in OpenText™ iManager 3.2.4.0000.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-38117"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-22T16:15:18Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Possible Command injection Vulnerability\n\nin iManager has been discovered in\nOpenText\u2122 iManager 3.2.4.0000.",
"id": "GHSA-x749-4jc5-gxmr",
"modified": "2025-04-10T21:31:00Z",
"published": "2024-11-22T21:32:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-38117"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.netiq.com/documentation/imanager-32/imanager325_releasenotes/data/imanager325_releasenotes.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X749-H24F-X5RH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:45 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:45A vulnerability in Cisco IOx application hosting environment of Cisco IOS XE Software could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to inject commands into the underlying operating system as the root user. This vulnerability is due to incomplete validation of fields in the application packages loaded onto IOx. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by creating a crafted application .tar file and loading it onto the device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to perform command injection into the underlying operating system as the root user.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-1384"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77",
"CWE-78"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-03-24T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in Cisco IOx application hosting environment of Cisco IOS XE Software could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to inject commands into the underlying operating system as the root user. This vulnerability is due to incomplete validation of fields in the application packages loaded onto IOx. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by creating a crafted application .tar file and loading it onto the device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to perform command injection into the underlying operating system as the root user.",
"id": "GHSA-x749-h24f-x5rh",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:45:12Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:45:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/orangecertcc/security-research/security/advisories/GHSA-h332-fj6p-2232"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1384"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-iox-cmdinj-RkSURGHG"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X752-FH3C-CH6R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-02 12:30 – Updated: 2024-04-02 12:30There is a command injection vulnerability in some Hikvision NVRs. This could allow an authenticated user with administrative rights to execute arbitrary commands.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-29949"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-02T11:15:51Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "There is a command injection vulnerability in some Hikvision NVRs. This could allow an authenticated user with administrative rights to execute arbitrary commands.",
"id": "GHSA-x752-fh3c-ch6r",
"modified": "2024-04-02T12:30:32Z",
"published": "2024-04-02T12:30:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-29949"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.hikvision.com/en/support/cybersecurity/security-advisory/security-vulnerabilities-in-hikvision-nvr-devices"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X7QM-WGFG-3VPC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-31 00:00 – Updated: 2022-07-13 00:01Trendnet AC2600 TEW-827DRU version 2.08B01 is vulnerable to command injection. The system log functionality of the firmware allows for command injection as root by supplying a malformed parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-20159"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-30T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Trendnet AC2600 TEW-827DRU version 2.08B01 is vulnerable to command injection. The system log functionality of the firmware allows for command injection as root by supplying a malformed parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-x7qm-wgfg-3vpc",
"modified": "2022-07-13T00:01:04Z",
"published": "2021-12-31T00:00:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-20159"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tenable.com/security/research/tra-2021-54"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X7RX-9G3W-62MW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-06 21:30 – Updated: 2023-01-12 15:30There is a command injection vulnerability in ZTE MF286R, Due to insufficient validation of the input parameters, an attacker could use the vulnerability to execute arbitrary commands.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-39073"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-06T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "There is a command injection vulnerability in ZTE MF286R, Due to insufficient validation of the input parameters, an attacker could use the vulnerability to execute arbitrary commands.",
"id": "GHSA-x7rx-9g3w-62mw",
"modified": "2023-01-12T15:30:25Z",
"published": "2023-01-06T21:30:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-39073"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.zte.com.cn/support/news/LoopholeInfoDetail.aspx?newsId=1028664"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X844-F6PX-V43P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-27 00:01 – Updated: 2022-01-06 00:00Certain NETGEAR devices are affected by command injection by an authenticated user. This affects CBR40 before 2.5.0.24, CBR750 before 4.6.3.6, RBR850 before 3.2.17.12, RBS850 before 3.2.17.12, and RBS850 before 3.2.17.12.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-45597"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-26T01:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Certain NETGEAR devices are affected by command injection by an authenticated user. This affects CBR40 before 2.5.0.24, CBR750 before 4.6.3.6, RBR850 before 3.2.17.12, RBS850 before 3.2.17.12, and RBS850 before 3.2.17.12.",
"id": "GHSA-x844-f6px-v43p",
"modified": "2022-01-06T00:00:56Z",
"published": "2021-12-27T00:01:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-45597"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://kb.netgear.com/000064142/Security-Advisory-for-Post-Authentication-Command-Injection-on-Some-WiFi-Systems-PSV-2020-0539"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-X855-4M6R-JWMR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-14 00:30 – Updated: 2025-02-14 18:30A critical remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability exists in the web-based management interface of GatesAir Maxiva UAXT, VAXT transmitters when debugging mode is enabled. An attacker with a valid session ID (sess_id) can send specially crafted POST requests to the /json endpoint, enabling arbitrary command execution on the underlying system. This vulnerability can lead to full system compromise, including unauthorized access, privilege escalation, and potentially full device takeover.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-22962"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-13T23:15:11Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A critical remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability exists in the web-based management interface of GatesAir Maxiva UAXT, VAXT transmitters when debugging mode is enabled. An attacker with a valid session ID (sess_id) can send specially crafted POST requests to the /json endpoint, enabling arbitrary command execution on the underlying system. This vulnerability can lead to full system compromise, including unauthorized access, privilege escalation, and potentially full device takeover.",
"id": "GHSA-x855-4m6r-jwmr",
"modified": "2025-02-14T18:30:50Z",
"published": "2025-02-14T00:30:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-22962"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/shiky8/my--cve-vulnerability-research/tree/main/CVE-2025-22962"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X85M-W6HG-669M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-18 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-27 00:01Vulnerability in rconfig “cert_utils” enables an attacker with user level access to the CLI to inject root level commands into Fidelis Network and Deception CommandPost, Collector, Sensor, and Sandbox components as well as neighboring Fidelis components. The vulnerability is present in Fidelis Network and Deception versions prior to 9.4.5. Patches and updates are available to address this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-24389"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-05-17T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in rconfig \u201ccert_utils\u201d enables an attacker with user level access to the CLI to inject root level commands into Fidelis Network and Deception CommandPost, Collector, Sensor, and Sandbox components as well as neighboring Fidelis components. The vulnerability is present in Fidelis Network and Deception versions prior to 9.4.5. Patches and updates are available to address this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-x85m-w6hg-669m",
"modified": "2022-05-27T00:01:31Z",
"published": "2022-05-18T00:00:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-24389"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://fidelissecurity.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/articles/6211730139411"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X885-QHJH-5VG4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 01:35 – Updated: 2022-05-17 01:35Emerson Process Management ROC800 RTU with software 3.50 and earlier, DL8000 RTU with software 2.30 and earlier, and ROC800L RTU with software 1.20 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a TCP replay attack.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2013-2810"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2014-12-08T11:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Emerson Process Management ROC800 RTU with software 3.50 and earlier, DL8000 RTU with software 2.30 and earlier, and ROC800L RTU with software 1.20 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a TCP replay attack.",
"id": "GHSA-x885-qhjh-5vg4",
"modified": "2022-05-17T01:35:57Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T01:35:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-2810"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/99131"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-13-259-01A"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/71425"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-X89X-F37J-4HR4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-25 18:32 – Updated: 2023-11-01 21:30Tenda W18E V16.01.0.8(1576) has a command injection vulnerability via the hostName parameter in the formSetNetCheckTools function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-46370"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-10-25T18:17:37Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Tenda W18E V16.01.0.8(1576) has a command injection vulnerability via the hostName parameter in the formSetNetCheckTools function.",
"id": "GHSA-x89x-f37j-4hr4",
"modified": "2023-11-01T21:30:18Z",
"published": "2023-10-25T18:32:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-46370"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Archerber/bug_submit/blob/main/Tenda/W18E/bug2.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Mitigation
If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
Mitigation
Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection
An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.
CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters
An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.
CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection
An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.
CAPEC-248: Command Injection
An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.
CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices
This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.
CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers
An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.
CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files
Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.