CWE-601
AllowedURL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.
2334 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-8XH7-M55W-7WW7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-27 21:30 – Updated: 2025-01-28 21:31An issue in KuGou Technology Co., Ltd KuGou Concept iOS 4.0.61 allows attackers to access sensitive user information via supplying a crafted link.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-56950"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-27T19:15:16Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue in KuGou Technology Co., Ltd KuGou Concept iOS 4.0.61 allows attackers to access sensitive user information via supplying a crafted link.",
"id": "GHSA-8xh7-m55w-7ww7",
"modified": "2025-01-28T21:31:02Z",
"published": "2025-01-27T21:30:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-56950"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ZhouZiyi1/Vuls/blob/main/241213-KuGouConcept/241213-KuGouConcept.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8XM2-W3MQ-82VH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-06 12:30 – Updated: 2026-03-06 12:30URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in Kings Plugins B2BKing Premium allows Phishing.This issue affects B2BKing Premium: from n/a through 5.3.80.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-28106"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-06T12:15:55Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "URL Redirection to Untrusted Site (\u0027Open Redirect\u0027) vulnerability in Kings Plugins B2BKing Premium allows Phishing.This issue affects B2BKing Premium: from n/a through 5.3.80.",
"id": "GHSA-8xm2-w3mq-82vh",
"modified": "2026-03-06T12:30:31Z",
"published": "2026-03-06T12:30:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28106"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/b2bking/vulnerability/wordpress-b2bking-premium-plugin-5-3-80-open-redirection-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9238-GWM5-6MM9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-03-29 00:01 – Updated: 2022-04-05 00:00An issue has been discovered affecting GitLab versions prior to 13.5. An open redirect vulnerability was fixed in GitLab integration with Jira that a could cause the web application to redirect the request to the attacker specified URL.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-0283"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-03-28T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue has been discovered affecting GitLab versions prior to 13.5. An open redirect vulnerability was fixed in GitLab integration with Jira that a could cause the web application to redirect the request to the attacker specified URL.",
"id": "GHSA-9238-gwm5-6mm9",
"modified": "2022-04-05T00:00:48Z",
"published": "2022-03-29T00:01:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-0283"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cves/-/blob/master/2022/CVE-2022-0283.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/349422"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9287-X4FM-8G85
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-17 21:30 – Updated: 2025-12-17 21:30Improper management of Path-relative stylesheet import in HCL BigFix Remote Control Lite Web Portal (versions 10.1.0.0326 and lower) may allow to execute malicious code in certain web pages.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-55254"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601",
"CWE-613"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-17T21:16:14Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Improper management of Path-relative stylesheet import in HCL BigFix Remote Control Lite Web Portal (versions 10.1.0.0326 and lower) may allow to execute malicious code in certain web pages.",
"id": "GHSA-9287-x4fm-8g85",
"modified": "2025-12-17T21:30:50Z",
"published": "2025-12-17T21:30:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-55254"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.hcl-software.com/csm?id=kb_article\u0026sysparm_article=KB0127332"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-928V-37FF-2CVR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:25 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:45Before version 4.8.2, WordPress was susceptible to an open redirect attack in wp-admin/edit-tag-form.php and wp-admin/user-edit.php.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-14725"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-09-23T20:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Before version 4.8.2, WordPress was susceptible to an open redirect attack in wp-admin/edit-tag-form.php and wp-admin/user-edit.php.",
"id": "GHSA-928v-37ff-2cvr",
"modified": "2025-04-20T03:45:47Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T00:25:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-14725"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://core.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/41398"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wordpress.org/news/2017/09/wordpress-4-8-2-security-and-maintenance-release"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wpvulndb.com/vulnerabilities/8910"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-3997"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/100912"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1039553"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-92CP-8WWQ-GM56
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-09 15:31 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:32URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in aviplugins.com Login Widget With Shortcode allows Phishing.This issue affects Login Widget With Shortcode: from n/a through 6.1.2.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-54255"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-09T13:15:44Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "URL Redirection to Untrusted Site (\u0027Open Redirect\u0027) vulnerability in aviplugins.com Login Widget With Shortcode allows Phishing.This issue affects Login Widget With Shortcode: from n/a through 6.1.2.",
"id": "GHSA-92cp-8wwq-gm56",
"modified": "2026-04-01T18:32:42Z",
"published": "2024-12-09T15:31:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-54255"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/login-sidebar-widget/vulnerability/wordpress-login-widget-with-shortcode-plugin-6-1-2-open-redirection-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-92J7-WGMG-F32M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-03 20:58 – Updated: 2026-02-04 17:45Summary
Description An Open Redirect (CWE-601) vulnerability in Qwik City's default request handler middleware allows a remote attacker to redirect users to arbitrary protocol-relative URLs. Successful exploitation permits attackers to craft convincing phishing links that appear to originate from the trusted domain but redirect the victim to an attacker-controlled site. This affects qwik-city before version 1.19.0. This has been patched in qwik-city version 1.19.0.
Impact
Qwik City automatically applies the fixTrailingSlash middleware to page routes to ensure URL consistency. This vulnerability impacts all Qwik City applications deployed to runtimes that have a catch-all path to match arbitrary domains and that do not automatically normalize URL paths (e.g. Bun).
Exploitation allows an attacker to craft links that trigger a 301 redirect to arbitrary protocol-relative URLs. Browsers interpret this Location header as a protocol-relative URL, redirecting the user to attacker-controlled domains. This can enable phishing attacks and token theft among other common open redirect exploits.
Patches
This has been patched in qwik-city version 1.19.0. Users are strongly encouraged to update to the latest available release.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "@builder.io/qwik-city"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.19.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-25149"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-02-03T20:58:25Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-03T22:16:30Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "### Summary\n\n**Description**\nAn Open Redirect (CWE-601) vulnerability in Qwik City\u0027s default request handler middleware allows a remote attacker to redirect users to arbitrary protocol-relative URLs. Successful exploitation permits attackers to craft convincing phishing links that appear to originate from the trusted domain but redirect the victim to an attacker-controlled site. This affects qwik-city before version 1.19.0. This has been patched in qwik-city version 1.19.0.\n\n### Impact\nQwik City automatically applies the\u00a0`fixTrailingSlash`\u00a0middleware to page routes to ensure URL consistency. This vulnerability impacts all Qwik City applications deployed to runtimes that have a catch-all path to match arbitrary domains and that do not automatically normalize URL paths (e.g. Bun).\n\nExploitation allows an attacker to craft links that trigger a 301 redirect to\u00a0arbitrary protocol-relative URLs. Browsers interpret this\u00a0Location\u00a0header as a protocol-relative URL, redirecting the user to\u00a0attacker-controlled domains. This can enable phishing attacks and token theft among other common open redirect exploits.\n\n### Patches\nThis has been patched in qwik-city version 1.19.0. Users are strongly encouraged to update to the latest available release.",
"id": "GHSA-92j7-wgmg-f32m",
"modified": "2026-02-04T17:45:51Z",
"published": "2026-02-03T20:58:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/QwikDev/qwik/security/advisories/GHSA-92j7-wgmg-f32m"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-25149"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/QwikDev/qwik/commit/9959eab30a3ad9cc03689eaa080fcfbc33df71ed"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/QwikDev/qwik"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L/E:U",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Qwik City Open Redirect via fixTrailingSlash"
}
GHSA-92M7-4FPW-2WXM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-10 15:31 – Updated: 2026-06-10 18:31Jenkins 2.567 and earlier, LTS 2.555.2 and earlier does not ensure that the "from" parameter in the "Delegate to servlet container" security realm is safe to redirect to after login, allowing attackers to perform phishing attacks by redirecting users to an attacker-controlled domain.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-53440"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-10T14:16:36Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Jenkins 2.567 and earlier, LTS 2.555.2 and earlier does not ensure that the \"from\" parameter in the \"Delegate to servlet container\" security realm is safe to redirect to after login, allowing attackers to perform phishing attacks by redirecting users to an attacker-controlled domain.",
"id": "GHSA-92m7-4fpw-2wxm",
"modified": "2026-06-10T18:31:45Z",
"published": "2026-06-10T15:31:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-53440"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2026-06-10/#SECURITY-3721"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-92RF-VJV9-RRJM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-08 21:30 – Updated: 2025-08-08 21:30A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in zlt2000 microservices-platform up to 6.0.0. This affects the function onLogoutSuccess of the file src/main/java/com/central/oauth/handler/OauthLogoutSuccessHandler.java. The manipulation of the argument redirect_url leads to open redirect. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-8737"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-08T20:15:27Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in zlt2000 microservices-platform up to 6.0.0. This affects the function onLogoutSuccess of the file src/main/java/com/central/oauth/handler/OauthLogoutSuccessHandler.java. The manipulation of the argument redirect_url leads to open redirect. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.",
"id": "GHSA-92rf-vjv9-rrjm",
"modified": "2025-08-08T21:30:41Z",
"published": "2025-08-08T21:30:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-8737"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/zlt2000/microservices-platform/issues/78"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/zlt2000/microservices-platform/issues/78#issue-3264847333"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.319233"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.319233"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.623477"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-9349-RR4X-VWCG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-24 21:31 – Updated: 2025-01-24 21:31A vulnerability has been found in JoeyBling bootplus up to 247d5f6c209be1a5cf10cd0fa18e1d8cc63cf55d and classified as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is the function qrCode of the file src/main/java/io/github/controller/QrCodeController.java. The manipulation of the argument text leads to open redirect. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. This product takes the approach of rolling releases to provide continious delivery. Therefore, version details for affected and updated releases are not available.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-0705"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-24T19:15:13Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been found in JoeyBling bootplus up to 247d5f6c209be1a5cf10cd0fa18e1d8cc63cf55d and classified as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is the function qrCode of the file src/main/java/io/github/controller/QrCodeController.java. The manipulation of the argument text leads to open redirect. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. This product takes the approach of rolling releases to provide continious delivery. Therefore, version details for affected and updated releases are not available.",
"id": "GHSA-9349-rr4x-vwcg",
"modified": "2025-01-24T21:31:28Z",
"published": "2025-01-24T21:31:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-0705"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/JoeyBling/bootplus/issues/27"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/JoeyBling/bootplus/issues/27#issue-2786941847"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.293233"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.293233"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.480844"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.
Mitigation
Use an intermediate disclaimer page that provides the user with a clear warning that they are leaving the current site. Implement a long timeout before the redirect occurs, or force the user to click on the link. Be careful to avoid XSS problems (CWE-79) when generating the disclaimer page.
Mitigation MIT-21.2
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
- For example, ID 1 could map to "/login.asp" and ID 2 could map to "http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
Mitigation
Ensure that no externally-supplied requests are honored by requiring that all redirect requests include a unique nonce generated by the application [REF-483]. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).
Mitigation MIT-6
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
- Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
- Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.
Mitigation MIT-29
Strategy: Firewall
Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
CAPEC-178: Cross-Site Flashing
An attacker is able to trick the victim into executing a Flash document that passes commands or calls to a Flash player browser plugin, allowing the attacker to exploit native Flash functionality in the client browser. This attack pattern occurs where an attacker can provide a crafted link to a Flash document (SWF file) which, when followed, will cause additional malicious instructions to be executed. The attacker does not need to serve or control the Flash document. The attack takes advantage of the fact that Flash files can reference external URLs. If variables that serve as URLs that the Flash application references can be controlled through parameters, then by creating a link that includes values for those parameters, an attacker can cause arbitrary content to be referenced and possibly executed by the targeted Flash application.