CWE-400
DiscouragedUncontrolled Resource Consumption
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.
5417 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-X8CG-FQ8G-MXFX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-02 19:07 – Updated: 2026-05-13 15:21Summary
Rack::Utils.get_byte_ranges parses the HTTP Range header without limiting the number of individual byte ranges. Although the existing fix for CVE-2024-26141 rejects ranges whose total byte coverage exceeds the file size, it does not restrict the count of ranges. An attacker can supply many small overlapping ranges such as 0-0,0-0,0-0,... to trigger disproportionate CPU, memory, I/O, and bandwidth consumption per request.
This results in a denial of service condition in Rack file-serving paths that process multipart byte range responses.
Details
Rack::Utils.get_byte_ranges accepts a comma-separated list of byte ranges and validates them based on their aggregate size, but does not impose a limit on how many individual ranges may be supplied.
As a result, a request such as:
Range: bytes=0-0,0-0,0-0,0-0,...
can contain thousands of overlapping one-byte ranges while still satisfying the total-size check added for CVE-2024-26141.
When such a header is processed by Rack’s file-serving code, each range causes additional work, including multipart response generation, per-range iteration, file seek and read operations, and temporary string allocation for response size calculation and output. This allows a relatively small request header to trigger disproportionately expensive processing and a much larger multipart response.
The issue is distinct from CVE-2024-26141. That fix prevents range sets whose total byte coverage exceeds the file size, but does not prevent a large number of overlapping ranges whose summed size remains within that limit.
Impact
Applications that expose file-serving paths with byte range support may be vulnerable to denial of service.
An unauthenticated attacker can send crafted Range headers containing many small overlapping ranges to consume excessive CPU time, memory, file I/O, and bandwidth. Repeated requests may reduce application availability and increase pressure on workers and garbage collection.
Mitigation
- Update to a patched version of Rack that limits the number of accepted byte ranges.
- Reject or normalize multipart byte range requests containing excessive range counts.
- Consider disabling multipart range support where it is not required.
- Apply request filtering or header restrictions at the reverse proxy or application boundary to limit abusive
Rangeheaders.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "RubyGems",
"name": "rack"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.2.23"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "RubyGems",
"name": "rack"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.0.0.beta1"
},
{
"fixed": "3.1.21"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "RubyGems",
"name": "rack"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.2.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.2.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-34826"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400",
"CWE-770"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-02T19:07:28Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-02T17:16:25Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "## Summary\n\n`Rack::Utils.get_byte_ranges` parses the HTTP `Range` header without limiting the number of individual byte ranges. Although the existing fix for CVE-2024-26141 rejects ranges whose total byte coverage exceeds the file size, it does not restrict the count of ranges. An attacker can supply many small overlapping ranges such as `0-0,0-0,0-0,...` to trigger disproportionate CPU, memory, I/O, and bandwidth consumption per request.\n\nThis results in a denial of service condition in Rack file-serving paths that process multipart byte range responses.\n\n## Details\n\n`Rack::Utils.get_byte_ranges` accepts a comma-separated list of byte ranges and validates them based on their aggregate size, but does not impose a limit on how many individual ranges may be supplied.\n\nAs a result, a request such as:\n\n```http\nRange: bytes=0-0,0-0,0-0,0-0,...\n```\n\ncan contain thousands of overlapping one-byte ranges while still satisfying the total-size check added for CVE-2024-26141.\n\nWhen such a header is processed by Rack\u2019s file-serving code, each range causes additional work, including multipart response generation, per-range iteration, file seek and read operations, and temporary string allocation for response size calculation and output. This allows a relatively small request header to trigger disproportionately expensive processing and a much larger multipart response.\n\nThe issue is distinct from CVE-2024-26141. That fix prevents range sets whose total byte coverage exceeds the file size, but does not prevent a large number of overlapping ranges whose summed size remains within that limit.\n\n## Impact\n\nApplications that expose file-serving paths with byte range support may be vulnerable to denial of service.\n\nAn unauthenticated attacker can send crafted `Range` headers containing many small overlapping ranges to consume excessive CPU time, memory, file I/O, and bandwidth. Repeated requests may reduce application availability and increase pressure on workers and garbage collection.\n\n## Mitigation\n\n* Update to a patched version of Rack that limits the number of accepted byte ranges.\n* Reject or normalize multipart byte range requests containing excessive range counts.\n* Consider disabling multipart range support where it is not required.\n* Apply request filtering or header restrictions at the reverse proxy or application boundary to limit abusive `Range` headers.",
"id": "GHSA-x8cg-fq8g-mxfx",
"modified": "2026-05-13T15:21:07Z",
"published": "2026-04-02T19:07:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rack/rack/security/advisories/GHSA-x8cg-fq8g-mxfx"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-34826"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/rack/rack"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/rack/CVE-2026-34826.yml"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Rack\u0027s multipart byte range processing allows denial of service via excessive overlapping ranges"
}
GHSA-X8FM-G4F5-MXFV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:02 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:02An issue was discovered in Prosody before 0.11.9. Default settings are susceptible to remote unauthenticated denial-of-service (DoS) attacks via memory exhaustion when running under Lua 5.2 or Lua 5.3.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-32918"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-05-13T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Prosody before 0.11.9. Default settings are susceptible to remote unauthenticated denial-of-service (DoS) attacks via memory exhaustion when running under Lua 5.2 or Lua 5.3.",
"id": "GHSA-x8fm-g4f5-mxfv",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:02:20Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:02:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-32918"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blog.prosody.im/prosody-0.11.9-released"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/6MFFBZWXKPZEVZNQSVJNCUE7WRF3T7DG"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GUN63AHEWB2WRROJHU3BVJRWLONCT2B7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/LWJ2DG2DFJOEFEWOUN26IMYYWGSA2ZEE"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202105-15"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4916"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/05/13/1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/05/14/2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-X8MX-XG8R-CGWP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-20 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:36An issue was discovered in ONOS 2.5.1. The purge-requested intent remains on the list, but it does not respond to changes in topology (e.g., link failure). In combination with other applications, it could lead to a failure of network management.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-24035"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-04-20T13:15:06Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in ONOS 2.5.1. The purge-requested intent remains on the list, but it does not respond to changes in topology (e.g., link failure). In combination with other applications, it could lead to a failure of network management.",
"id": "GHSA-x8mx-xg8r-cgwp",
"modified": "2024-04-04T03:36:44Z",
"published": "2023-04-20T15:30:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-24035"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wiki.onosproject.org/display/ONOS/Intent+Framework"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.usenix.org/system/files/sec23fall-prepub-285_kim-jiwon.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X94C-JR4G-FFPM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-09 18:30 – Updated: 2024-07-09 18:30Windows Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP) Server Denial of Service Vulnerability
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-38067"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-07-09T17:15:39Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Windows Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP) Server Denial of Service Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-x94c-jr4g-ffpm",
"modified": "2024-07-09T18:30:52Z",
"published": "2024-07-09T18:30:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-38067"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2024-38067"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X977-8678-7C9X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:34 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:34Rockwell Automation RSLinx Classic Versions 4.00.01 and prior. A remote, unauthenticated threat actor may intentionally send specially crafted Ethernet/IP packets to Port 44818, causing the software application to stop responding and crash. The user must restart the software to regain functionality.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-14827"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-09-20T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Rockwell Automation RSLinx Classic Versions 4.00.01 and prior. A remote, unauthenticated threat actor may intentionally send specially crafted Ethernet/IP packets to Port 44818, causing the software application to stop responding and crash. The user must restart the software to regain functionality.",
"id": "GHSA-x977-8678-7c9x",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:34:24Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:34:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-14827"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-18-263-02"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X996-7QH9-7FF7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-16 20:28 – Updated: 2022-10-10 17:04Impact
An attacker can max out the number of client connections allowed by the ledger that was deployed using guidance provided in the indy-node repository, leaving the ledger unable to be used for its intended purpose.
The ledger content will not be impacted by the attack, and the ledger will resume servicing valid client requests after the attack.
Mitigations
This attack exploits the trade-off between resilience and availability. Any protection against abusive client connections will also prevent the network being accessed by certain legitimate users. As a result, validator nodes must tune their firewall rules to ensure the right trade-off for their network's expected users. The guidance previously provided enabled a low-cost DDoS attack.
The guidance to network operators for the use of firewall rules in the deployment of Indy networks has been modified to better protect against denial of service attacks by increasing the cost and complexity in mounting such attacks.
The mitigation for this vulnerability is not in the Hyperledger Indy code per se, but rather in the individual deployments of Indy. The mitigations should be applied to all deployments of Indy, and are not related to a particular release.
Acknowledgements
Thank you to Mirko Mollik at TrustCerts.de for finding and responsibly disclosing this issue.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "indy-node"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "1.12.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-31006"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-09-16T20:28:39Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-09-09T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\nAn attacker can max out the number of client connections allowed by the ledger that was deployed using guidance provided in the indy-node repository, leaving the ledger unable to be used for its intended purpose.\n\nThe ledger content will not be impacted by the attack, and the ledger will resume servicing valid client requests after the attack.\n\n### Mitigations\n\nThis attack exploits the trade-off between resilience and availability. Any protection against abusive client connections will also prevent the network being accessed by certain legitimate users. As a result, validator nodes must tune their firewall rules to ensure the right trade-off for their network\u0027s expected users. The guidance previously provided enabled a low-cost DDoS attack.\n\nThe [guidance to network operators for the use of firewall rules](https://github.com/hyperledger/indy-node/blob/main/docs/source/setup-iptables.md) in the deployment of Indy networks has been modified to better protect against denial of service attacks by increasing the cost and complexity in mounting such attacks.\n\nThe mitigation for this vulnerability is not in the Hyperledger Indy code per se, but rather in the individual deployments of Indy. The mitigations should be applied to all deployments of Indy, and are not related to a particular release.\n\n### Acknowledgements\n\nThank you to Mirko Mollik at [TrustCerts.de](https://trustcerts.de) for finding and responsibly disclosing this issue.",
"id": "GHSA-x996-7qh9-7ff7",
"modified": "2022-10-10T17:04:26Z",
"published": "2022-09-16T20:28:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/hyperledger/indy-node/security/advisories/GHSA-x996-7qh9-7ff7"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-31006"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/hyperledger/indy-node/commit/53a2a1bf1a26cb8ba710fd6adc8bcf275186a4b3"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/hyperledger/indy-node"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/hyperledger/indy-node/commits/v1.13.2-rc2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/indy-node/PYSEC-2022-270.yaml"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Hyperledger indy-node vulnerable to denial of service"
}
GHSA-X99C-5HJH-5P3R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:39 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:31The control mode (mode 6) functionality in ntpd in NTP before 4.2.8p9 allows remote attackers to set or unset traps via a crafted control mode packet.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-9310"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-01-13T16:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The control mode (mode 6) functionality in ntpd in NTP before 4.2.8p9 allows remote attackers to set or unset traps via a crafted control mode packet.",
"id": "GHSA-x99c-5hjh-5p3r",
"modified": "2025-04-20T03:31:11Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:39:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-9310"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bto.bluecoat.com/security-advisory/sa139"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://h20566.www2.hpe.com/hpsc/doc/public/display?docLocale=en_US\u0026docId=emr_na-hpesbux03706en_us"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.FreeBSD.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-16:39.ntp.asc"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.hpe.com/hpsc/doc/public/display?docLocale=en_US\u0026docId=emr_na-hpesbhf03799en_us"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3707-2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/633847"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://nwtime.org/ntp428p9_release"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017-0252.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://support.ntp.org/bin/view/Main/NtpBug3118"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://support.ntp.org/bin/view/Main/SecurityNotice#Recent_Vulnerabilities"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/94452"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1037354"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X9HF-JR2H-W47P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-20 12:32 – Updated: 2025-03-20 12:32automatic1111/stable-diffusion-webui version 1.10.0 contains a vulnerability where the server fails to handle excessive characters appended to the end of multipart boundaries. This flaw can be exploited by sending malformed multipart requests with arbitrary characters at the end of the boundary, leading to excessive resource consumption and a complete denial of service (DoS) for all users. The vulnerability is unauthenticated, meaning no user login or interaction is required for an attacker to exploit this issue.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-10935"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400",
"CWE-770"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-20T10:15:21Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "automatic1111/stable-diffusion-webui version 1.10.0 contains a vulnerability where the server fails to handle excessive characters appended to the end of multipart boundaries. This flaw can be exploited by sending malformed multipart requests with arbitrary characters at the end of the boundary, leading to excessive resource consumption and a complete denial of service (DoS) for all users. The vulnerability is unauthenticated, meaning no user login or interaction is required for an attacker to exploit this issue.",
"id": "GHSA-x9hf-jr2h-w47p",
"modified": "2025-03-20T12:32:41Z",
"published": "2025-03-20T12:32:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-10935"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.com/bounties/e6fdc6ed-f38d-4798-b60a-0e47893a81a6"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X9W7-F6X8-R9XH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:11 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:11User controlled request.getHeader("Referer"), request.getRequestURL() and request.getQueryString() are used to build and run a regex expression. The attacker doesn't have to use a browser and may send a specially crafted Referer header programmatically. Since the attacker controls the string and the regex pattern he may cause a ReDoS by regex catastrophic backtracking on the server side. This problem has been fixed in Roller 6.0.2.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-33580"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-08-18T08:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "User controlled `request.getHeader(\"Referer\")`, `request.getRequestURL()` and `request.getQueryString()` are used to build and run a regex expression. The attacker doesn\u0027t have to use a browser and may send a specially crafted Referer header programmatically. Since the attacker controls the string and the regex pattern he may cause a ReDoS by regex catastrophic backtracking on the server side. This problem has been fixed in Roller 6.0.2.",
"id": "GHSA-x9w7-f6x8-r9xh",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:11:35Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:11:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-33580"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r9d967d80af941717573e531db2c7353a90bfd0886e9b5d5d79f75506%40%3Cuser.roller.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/08/18/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-X9WG-93QJ-QHG4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-26 03:30 – Updated: 2023-01-04 03:30OX App Suite through 7.10.6 has Uncontrolled Resource Consumption via a large request body containing a redirect URL to the deferrer servlet.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-37312"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1284",
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-12-26T02:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "OX App Suite through 7.10.6 has Uncontrolled Resource Consumption via a large request body containing a redirect URL to the deferrer servlet.",
"id": "GHSA-x9wg-93qj-qhg4",
"modified": "2023-01-04T03:30:32Z",
"published": "2022-12-26T03:30:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-37312"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://open-xchange.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Nov/18"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Design throttling mechanisms into the system architecture. The best protection is to limit the amount of resources that an unauthorized user can cause to be expended. A strong authentication and access control model will help prevent such attacks from occurring in the first place. The login application should be protected against DoS attacks as much as possible. Limiting the database access, perhaps by caching result sets, can help minimize the resources expended. To further limit the potential for a DoS attack, consider tracking the rate of requests received from users and blocking requests that exceed a defined rate threshold.
Mitigation
- Mitigation of resource exhaustion attacks requires that the target system either:
- The first of these solutions is an issue in itself though, since it may allow attackers to prevent the use of the system by a particular valid user. If the attacker impersonates the valid user, they may be able to prevent the user from accessing the server in question.
- The second solution is simply difficult to effectively institute -- and even when properly done, it does not provide a full solution. It simply makes the attack require more resources on the part of the attacker.
- recognizes the attack and denies that user further access for a given amount of time, or
- uniformly throttles all requests in order to make it more difficult to consume resources more quickly than they can again be freed.
Mitigation
Ensure that protocols have specific limits of scale placed on them.
Mitigation
Ensure that all failures in resource allocation place the system into a safe posture.
CAPEC-147: XML Ping of the Death
An attacker initiates a resource depletion attack where a large number of small XML messages are delivered at a sufficiently rapid rate to cause a denial of service or crash of the target. Transactions such as repetitive SOAP transactions can deplete resources faster than a simple flooding attack because of the additional resources used by the SOAP protocol and the resources necessary to process SOAP messages. The transactions used are immaterial as long as they cause resource utilization on the target. In other words, this is a normal flooding attack augmented by using messages that will require extra processing on the target.
CAPEC-227: Sustained Client Engagement
An adversary attempts to deny legitimate users access to a resource by continually engaging a specific resource in an attempt to keep the resource tied up as long as possible. The adversary's primary goal is not to crash or flood the target, which would alert defenders; rather it is to repeatedly perform actions or abuse algorithmic flaws such that a given resource is tied up and not available to a legitimate user. By carefully crafting a requests that keep the resource engaged through what is seemingly benign requests, legitimate users are limited or completely denied access to the resource.
CAPEC-492: Regular Expression Exponential Blowup
An adversary may execute an attack on a program that uses a poor Regular Expression(Regex) implementation by choosing input that results in an extreme situation for the Regex. A typical extreme situation operates at exponential time compared to the input size. This is due to most implementations using a Nondeterministic Finite Automaton(NFA) state machine to be built by the Regex algorithm since NFA allows backtracking and thus more complex regular expressions.