Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-400

Discouraged

Uncontrolled Resource Consumption

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.

5474 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-Q779-HHJ4-JVFQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-19 21:30 – Updated: 2025-08-20 18:30
VLAI
Details

Malicious scripts could bypass the popup blocker to spam new tabs, potentially resulting in denial of service attacks This vulnerability affects Firefox for iOS < 142.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-55029"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-08-19T21:15:28Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Malicious scripts could bypass the popup blocker to spam new tabs, potentially resulting in denial of service attacks This vulnerability affects Firefox for iOS \u003c 142.",
  "id": "GHSA-q779-hhj4-jvfq",
  "modified": "2025-08-20T18:30:20Z",
  "published": "2025-08-19T21:30:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-55029"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1973577"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-68"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q7CG-457F-VX79

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-11 13:27 – Updated: 2026-06-12 19:28
VLAI
Summary
joi has an uncaught RangeError on deeply nested input through recursive `link()` schemas
Details

Impact

Denial of service via untrapped exception in services validating user-supplied JSON / object input with recursive link schemas.

The blast radius depends on how the application invokes joi: - Highest impact: validate() called without try/catch in a request handler would cause an unhandled exception, potentially crashing the process. - Lower impact: validateAsync() or validate() inside a try/catch, the validation fails, but the error type is RangeError rather than a structured ValidationError, complicating error handling.

Patches

Upgrade to version >= 18.2.1.

Workarounds

Try/catch the validation to avoid uncaught exceptions.

References

  • Pull request: hapijs/joi#3113
Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "joi"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "18.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "18.2.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "joi"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "17.13.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-48038"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-248",
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-06-11T13:27:32Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\nDenial of service via untrapped exception in services validating user-supplied JSON / object input with recursive link schemas. \n\nThe blast radius depends on how the application invokes joi:\n- Highest impact: `validate()` called without `try/catch` in a request handler would cause an unhandled exception, potentially crashing the process.\n- Lower impact: `validateAsync()` or `validate()` inside a `try/catch`, the validation fails, but the error type is `RangeError` rather than a structured `ValidationError`, complicating error handling.\n\n### Patches\nUpgrade to version \u003e= 18.2.1.\n\n### Workarounds\nTry/catch the validation to avoid uncaught exceptions.\n\n### References\n- Pull request: hapijs/joi#3113",
  "id": "GHSA-q7cg-457f-vx79",
  "modified": "2026-06-12T19:28:27Z",
  "published": "2026-06-11T13:27:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/hapijs/joi/security/advisories/GHSA-q7cg-457f-vx79"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/hapijs/joi/pull/3113"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/hapijs/joi/commit/2392713d3e9dd91ba752ac0c96e0eaf3d24b9a11"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/hapijs/joi"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "joi has an uncaught RangeError on deeply nested input through recursive `link()` schemas"
}

GHSA-Q7MH-PW55-9H55

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-06 18:31 – Updated: 2026-03-10 18:31
VLAI
Details

Binutils objdump contains a denial-of-service vulnerability when processing a crafted binary with malformed DWARF debug_rnglists data. A logic error in the handling of the debug_rnglists header can cause objdump to repeatedly print the same warning message and fail to terminate, resulting in an unbounded logging loop until the process is interrupted. The issue was observed in binutils 2.44. A local attacker can exploit this vulnerability by supplying a malicious input file, leading to excessive CPU and I/O usage and preventing completion of the objdump analysis.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-69646"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-06T18:16:16Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Binutils objdump contains a denial-of-service vulnerability when processing a crafted binary with malformed DWARF debug_rnglists data. A logic error in the handling of the debug_rnglists header can cause objdump to repeatedly print the same warning message and fail to terminate, resulting in an unbounded logging loop until the process is interrupted. The issue was observed in binutils 2.44. A local attacker can exploit this vulnerability by supplying a malicious input file, leading to excessive CPU and I/O usage and preventing completion of the objdump analysis.",
  "id": "GHSA-q7mh-pw55-9h55",
  "modified": "2026-03-10T18:31:14Z",
  "published": "2026-03-06T18:31:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-69646"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=33638"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://sourceware.org/git/gitweb.cgi?p=binutils-gdb.git;h=598704a00cbac5e85c2bedd363357b5bf6fcee33"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q7W5-CQ9G-VHW8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:18 – Updated: 2024-06-21 21:33
VLAI
Details

Vulnerability in the Java SE, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: Swing). Supported versions that are affected are Java SE: 7u311, 8u301, 11.0.12, 17; Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 20.3.3 and 21.2.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Java SE, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a partial denial of service (partial DOS) of Java SE, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Note: This vulnerability applies to Java deployments, typically in clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code (e.g., code that comes from the internet) and rely on the Java sandbox for security. This vulnerability can also be exploited by using APIs in the specified Component, e.g., through a web service which supplies data to the APIs. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 5.3 (Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-35559"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400",
      "CWE-863"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-10-20T11:16:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Vulnerability in the Java SE, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: Swing). Supported versions that are affected are Java SE: 7u311, 8u301, 11.0.12, 17; Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 20.3.3 and 21.2.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Java SE, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a partial denial of service (partial DOS) of Java SE, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Note: This vulnerability applies to Java deployments, typically in clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code (e.g., code that comes from the internet) and rely on the Java sandbox for security. This vulnerability can also be exploited by using APIs in the specified Component, e.g., through a web service which supplies data to the APIs. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 5.3 (Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L).",
  "id": "GHSA-q7w5-cq9g-vhw8",
  "modified": "2024-06-21T21:33:50Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:18:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-35559"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2021.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-5012"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-5000"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20240621-0006"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20211022-0004"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202209-05"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/V362B2BWTH5IJDL45QPQGMBKIQOG7JX5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GXTUWAWXVU37GRNIG4TPMA47THO6VAE6"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GTYZWIXDFUV2H57YQZJWPOD3BC3I3EIQ"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/DJILEHYV2U37HKMGFEQ7CAVOV4DUWW2O"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/7WTVCIVHTX3XONYOEGUMLKCM4QEC6INT"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/6EUURAQOIJYFZHQ7DFZCO6IKDPIAWTNK"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/V362B2BWTH5IJDL45QPQGMBKIQOG7JX5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GXTUWAWXVU37GRNIG4TPMA47THO6VAE6"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GTYZWIXDFUV2H57YQZJWPOD3BC3I3EIQ"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/DJILEHYV2U37HKMGFEQ7CAVOV4DUWW2O"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/7WTVCIVHTX3XONYOEGUMLKCM4QEC6INT"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/6EUURAQOIJYFZHQ7DFZCO6IKDPIAWTNK"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/11/msg00008.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q83C-64C9-C42M

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 19:57 – Updated: 2024-02-01 21:16
VLAI
Summary
DOMPDF denial of service vulnerability
Details

DOMPDF before 0.6.2 allows denial of service.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "dompdf/dompdf"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0.6"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.6.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2014-5012"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-02-01T21:16:49Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-01-10T06:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "DOMPDF before 0.6.2 allows denial of service.",
  "id": "GHSA-q83c-64c9-c42m",
  "modified": "2024-02-01T21:16:49Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T19:57:15Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-5012"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories/blob/master/dompdf/dompdf/CVE-2014-5012.yaml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/dompdf/dompdf/compare/v0.6.1...v0.6.2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/dompdf/dompdf/releases/tag/v0.6.2"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "DOMPDF denial of service vulnerability"
}

GHSA-Q84M-7MH3-GVHW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-08 18:34 – Updated: 2025-04-08 18:34
VLAI
Details

Uncontrolled resource consumption in Windows Cryptographic Services allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-26641"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-08T18:15:47Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Uncontrolled resource consumption in Windows Cryptographic Services allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network.",
  "id": "GHSA-q84m-7mh3-gvhw",
  "modified": "2025-04-08T18:34:45Z",
  "published": "2025-04-08T18:34:45Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-26641"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-26641"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q86X-4W7F-8HRM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-02 09:32 – Updated: 2026-07-02 09:32
VLAI
Details

In Eclipse Parsson published Maven Central artifacts before version 1.1.8, the JSON parser did not enforce a default maximum on the number of characters consumed while parsing a single JSON document. Applications that parse attacker- controlled JSON can be forced to consume excessive CPU and memory by processing very large documents, including large arrays, objects, strings, numbers, whitespace, or nested structures, resulting in a denial of service. Eclipse Parsson 1.1.8 introduces a configurable maximum parsing limit with a default limit of 15 million parser-consumed characters.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-9563"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-02T09:16:19Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In Eclipse Parsson published Maven Central artifacts before version 1.1.8, the JSON parser did not enforce a default maximum on the number of characters consumed while parsing a single JSON document. Applications that parse attacker- controlled JSON can be forced to consume excessive CPU and memory by processing very large documents, including large arrays, objects, strings, numbers, whitespace, or nested structures, resulting in a denial of service. Eclipse Parsson 1.1.8 introduces a configurable maximum parsing limit with a default limit of 15 million parser-consumed characters.",
  "id": "GHSA-q86x-4w7f-8hrm",
  "modified": "2026-07-02T09:32:03Z",
  "published": "2026-07-02T09:32:03Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-9563"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/eclipse-ee4j/parsson/pull/169"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/eclipse-ee4j/parsson/commit/134e8d101aa74c8b9302d0cb62f6ccb4912a9d0c"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/eclipse-ee4j/parsson/tree/1.1.8"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.eclipse.org/security/vulnerability-reports/-/work_items/444"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/eclipse/parsson/parsson/1.1.8"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q878-VXPG-6QX6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:11 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:11
VLAI
Details

OpenStack Dashboard (Horizon) before 2014.1.3 and 2014.2.x before 2014.2.1 does not properly handle session records when using a db or memcached session engine, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via a large number of requests to the login page.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2014-8124"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2014-12-12T15:59:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "OpenStack Dashboard (Horizon) before 2014.1.3 and 2014.2.x before 2014.2.1 does not properly handle session records when using a db or memcached session engine, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via a large number of requests to the login page.",
  "id": "GHSA-q878-vxpg-6qx6",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:11:27Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:11:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-8124"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015:0839"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015:0845"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2014-8124"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugs.launchpad.net/horizon/+bug/1394370"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1169637"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-announce/2015-January/147520.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.openstack.org/pipermail/openstack-announce/2014-December/000308.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2015-01/msg00040.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015-0839.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015-0845.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/61186"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/bulletinjan2015-2370101.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-Q8H8-595R-F56H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:21 – Updated: 2024-02-27 21:31
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability in Pulse Connect Secure before 9.1R12.1 could allow an unauthenticated administrator to causes a denial of service when a malformed request is sent to the device.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-22965"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-11-19T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability in Pulse Connect Secure before 9.1R12.1 could allow an unauthenticated administrator to causes a denial of service when a malformed request is sent to the device.",
  "id": "GHSA-q8h8-595r-f56h",
  "modified": "2024-02-27T21:31:24Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:21:06Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-22965"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://kb.pulsesecure.net/articles/Pulse_Secure_Article/KB44879/?kA13Z000000L3ZF"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q8HQ-4H99-FJ7X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-27 20:46 – Updated: 2026-04-24 21:02
VLAI
Summary
Keycloak TLS Client-Initiated Renegotiation Denial of Service
Details

Keycloak is vulnerable to a Denial of Service (DoS) attack due to the default JDK setting that permits Client-Initiated Renegotiation in TLS 1.2. An unauthenticated remote attacker can repeatedly initiate TLS renegotiation requests to exhaust server CPU resources, making the service unavailable. Immediate mitigation is available by setting the -Djdk.tls.rejectClientInitiatedRenegotiation=true Java system property in the Keycloak startup configuration.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.keycloak:keycloak-quarkus-dist"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "26.0.16"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.keycloak:keycloak-quarkus-dist"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "26.1.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "26.2.10"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.keycloak:keycloak-quarkus-dist"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "26.3.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "26.4.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-11419"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400",
      "CWE-770"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-10-27T20:46:54Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-23T21:15:46Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Keycloak is vulnerable to a Denial of Service (DoS) attack due to the default JDK setting that permits Client-Initiated Renegotiation in TLS 1.2. An unauthenticated remote attacker can repeatedly initiate TLS renegotiation requests to exhaust server CPU resources, making the service unavailable. Immediate mitigation is available by setting the `-Djdk.tls.rejectClientInitiatedRenegotiation=true` Java system property in the Keycloak startup configuration.",
  "id": "GHSA-q8hq-4h99-fj7x",
  "modified": "2026-04-24T21:02:53Z",
  "published": "2025-10-27T20:46:54Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/security/advisories/GHSA-q8hq-4h99-fj7x"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-11419"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/issues/43020"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:18254"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:18255"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:18889"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:18890"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-11419"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2402142"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/discussions/25209"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Keycloak TLS Client-Initiated Renegotiation Denial of Service"
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Design throttling mechanisms into the system architecture. The best protection is to limit the amount of resources that an unauthorized user can cause to be expended. A strong authentication and access control model will help prevent such attacks from occurring in the first place. The login application should be protected against DoS attacks as much as possible. Limiting the database access, perhaps by caching result sets, can help minimize the resources expended. To further limit the potential for a DoS attack, consider tracking the rate of requests received from users and blocking requests that exceed a defined rate threshold.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Mitigation of resource exhaustion attacks requires that the target system either:
  • The first of these solutions is an issue in itself though, since it may allow attackers to prevent the use of the system by a particular valid user. If the attacker impersonates the valid user, they may be able to prevent the user from accessing the server in question.
  • The second solution is simply difficult to effectively institute -- and even when properly done, it does not provide a full solution. It simply makes the attack require more resources on the part of the attacker.
  • recognizes the attack and denies that user further access for a given amount of time, or
  • uniformly throttles all requests in order to make it more difficult to consume resources more quickly than they can again be freed.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that protocols have specific limits of scale placed on them.

Mitigation
Implementation

Ensure that all failures in resource allocation place the system into a safe posture.

CAPEC-147: XML Ping of the Death

An attacker initiates a resource depletion attack where a large number of small XML messages are delivered at a sufficiently rapid rate to cause a denial of service or crash of the target. Transactions such as repetitive SOAP transactions can deplete resources faster than a simple flooding attack because of the additional resources used by the SOAP protocol and the resources necessary to process SOAP messages. The transactions used are immaterial as long as they cause resource utilization on the target. In other words, this is a normal flooding attack augmented by using messages that will require extra processing on the target.

CAPEC-227: Sustained Client Engagement

An adversary attempts to deny legitimate users access to a resource by continually engaging a specific resource in an attempt to keep the resource tied up as long as possible. The adversary's primary goal is not to crash or flood the target, which would alert defenders; rather it is to repeatedly perform actions or abuse algorithmic flaws such that a given resource is tied up and not available to a legitimate user. By carefully crafting a requests that keep the resource engaged through what is seemingly benign requests, legitimate users are limited or completely denied access to the resource.

CAPEC-492: Regular Expression Exponential Blowup

An adversary may execute an attack on a program that uses a poor Regular Expression(Regex) implementation by choosing input that results in an extreme situation for the Regex. A typical extreme situation operates at exponential time compared to the input size. This is due to most implementations using a Nondeterministic Finite Automaton(NFA) state machine to be built by the Regex algorithm since NFA allows backtracking and thus more complex regular expressions.