Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-400

Discouraged

Uncontrolled Resource Consumption

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.

5423 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-P444-PX2G-32F2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-07 00:01 – Updated: 2022-09-13 00:00
VLAI
Details

Multiple vulnerabilities exist in the processing of packet data by the LLDP service of AOS-CX. Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities may allow an attacker to impact the availability of the AOS-CX LLDP service and/or the management plane of the switch in ArubaOS-CX Switches version(s): AOS-CX 10.09.xxxx: 10.09.1010 and below, AOS-CX 10.08.xxxx: 10.08.1050 and below, AOS-CX 10.06.xxxx: 10.06.0190 and below. Aruba has released upgrades for ArubaOS-CX Switch Devices that address these security vulnerabilities.

Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-23686"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-09-06T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Multiple vulnerabilities exist in the processing of packet data by the LLDP service of AOS-CX. Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities may allow an attacker to impact the availability of the AOS-CX LLDP service and/or the management plane of the switch in ArubaOS-CX Switches version(s): AOS-CX 10.09.xxxx: 10.09.1010 and below, AOS-CX 10.08.xxxx: 10.08.1050 and below, AOS-CX 10.06.xxxx: 10.06.0190 and below. Aruba has released upgrades for ArubaOS-CX Switch Devices that address these security vulnerabilities.",
  "id": "GHSA-p444-px2g-32f2",
  "modified": "2022-09-13T00:00:39Z",
  "published": "2022-09-07T00:01:51Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-23686"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/alert/ARUBA-PSA-2022-012.txt"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P464-M8X6-VHV8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-03 02:54 – Updated: 2026-05-06 02:40
VLAI
Summary
OpenClaw: MS Teams webhook parses body before JWT validation, enabling unauthenticated resource exhaustion
Details

Summary

MS Teams webhook parses body before JWT validation, enabling unauthenticated resource exhaustion

Current Maintainer Triage

  • Status: open
  • Normalized severity: medium
  • Assessment: v2026.3.28 still parses Teams JSON after only a Bearer-prefix gate and before real JWT validation, and the auth-before-parse fix is not yet shipped.

Affected Packages / Versions

  • Package: openclaw (npm)
  • Latest published npm version: 2026.3.31
  • Vulnerable version range: <=2026.3.28
  • Patched versions: >= 2026.3.31
  • First stable tag containing the fix: v2026.3.31

Fix Commit(s)

  • 3834d47099dd13c8244ed6de8b9ea9855c553623 — 2026-03-30T13:46:40+01:00

OpenClaw thanks @AntAISecurityLab for reporting.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
8.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2026.3.28"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "openclaw"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2026.3.31"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-41405"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400",
      "CWE-408"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-03T02:54:38Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-28T19:37:44Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\nMS Teams webhook parses body before JWT validation, enabling unauthenticated resource exhaustion\n\n## Current Maintainer Triage\n- Status: open\n- Normalized severity: medium\n- Assessment: v2026.3.28 still parses Teams JSON after only a Bearer-prefix gate and before real JWT validation, and the auth-before-parse fix is not yet shipped.\n\n## Affected Packages / Versions\n- Package: `openclaw` (npm)\n- Latest published npm version: `2026.3.31`\n- Vulnerable version range: `\u003c=2026.3.28`\n- Patched versions: `\u003e= 2026.3.31`\n- First stable tag containing the fix: `v2026.3.31`\n\n## Fix Commit(s)\n- `3834d47099dd13c8244ed6de8b9ea9855c553623` \u2014 2026-03-30T13:46:40+01:00\n\nOpenClaw thanks @AntAISecurityLab for reporting.",
  "id": "GHSA-p464-m8x6-vhv8",
  "modified": "2026-05-06T02:40:42Z",
  "published": "2026-04-03T02:54:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-p464-m8x6-vhv8"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-41405"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/3834d47099dd13c8244ed6de8b9ea9855c553623"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/releases/tag/v2026.3.31"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-resource-exhaustion-via-unauthenticated-ms-teams-webhook-body-parsing"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "OpenClaw: MS Teams webhook parses body before JWT validation, enabling unauthenticated resource exhaustion"
}

GHSA-P48M-987F-62RC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-15 21:31 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:33
VLAI
Details

Vulnerability in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL (component: Server: Parser). Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.0-8.0.41, 8.4.0-8.4.4 and 9.0.0-9.2.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Server. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of MySQL Server. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 6.5 (Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-21575"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-15T21:15:47Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Vulnerability in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL (component: Server: Parser).  Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.0-8.0.41, 8.4.0-8.4.4 and  9.0.0-9.2.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Server.  Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of MySQL Server. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 6.5 (Availability impacts).  CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).",
  "id": "GHSA-p48m-987f-62rc",
  "modified": "2025-11-03T21:33:31Z",
  "published": "2025-04-15T21:31:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21575"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20250502-0006"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2025.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P4C6-J7J7-86RJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-08 18:30 – Updated: 2026-03-06 06:30
VLAI
Details

In onHeaderDecoded of LocalImageResolver.java, there is a possible persistent denial of service due to resource exhaustion. This could lead to remote denial of service with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-48631"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400",
      "CWE-770"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-08T17:16:19Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In onHeaderDecoded of LocalImageResolver.java, there is a possible persistent denial of service due to resource exhaustion. This could lead to remote denial of service with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.",
  "id": "GHSA-p4c6-j7j7-86rj",
  "modified": "2026-03-06T06:30:29Z",
  "published": "2025-12-08T18:30:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-48631"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/d6df825fda3aa29cff7af05357005322152210fd"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/docs/security/bulletin/2026/2026-03-01"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2025-12-01"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2026-03-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P4C9-X742-QH8C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-14 15:30 – Updated: 2025-01-03 19:40
VLAI
Summary
pbjson vulnerable to stack exhaustion
Details

An issue was discovered pbjson through 0.4.0 allows attackers to cause a denial of service or other unspecified impacts via a crafted object that uses cyclic dependencies.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "com.progsbase.libraries:JSON"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "0.4.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-34616"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-06-14T20:47:57Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-06-14T14:15:10Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered pbjson through 0.4.0 allows attackers to cause a denial of service or other unspecified impacts via a crafted object that uses cyclic dependencies.",
  "id": "GHSA-p4c9-x742-qh8c",
  "modified": "2025-01-03T19:40:48Z",
  "published": "2023-06-14T15:30:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-34616"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/InductiveComputerScience/pbJson/issues/2"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/InductiveComputerScience/pbJson"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "pbjson vulnerable to stack exhaustion"
}

GHSA-P4FC-FVWP-2M9P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-28 18:30 – Updated: 2026-01-29 18:31
VLAI
Details

A dimension validation flaw in the flow.empty() component of OneFlow 0.9.0 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a negative or excessively large dimension value.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-65888"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-01-28T17:16:08Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A dimension validation flaw in the flow.empty() component of OneFlow 0.9.0 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a negative or excessively large dimension value.",
  "id": "GHSA-p4fc-fvwp-2m9p",
  "modified": "2026-01-29T18:31:42Z",
  "published": "2026-01-28T18:30:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-65888"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Oneflow-Inc/oneflow/issues/10664"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Daisy2ang"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Oneflow-Inc/oneflow"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://oneflow.com"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P4GV-MJGC-3G68

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-18 00:00 – Updated: 2023-08-08 15:31
VLAI
Details

A segmentation fault during PCF file parsing in pcf2bdf versions >=1.05 allows an attacker to trigger a program crash via a specially crafted PCF font file. This crash affects the availability of the software and dependent downstream components.

Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-23319"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-02-17T14:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A segmentation fault during PCF file parsing in pcf2bdf versions \u003e=1.05 allows an attacker to trigger a program crash via a specially crafted PCF font file. This crash affects the availability of the software and dependent downstream components.",
  "id": "GHSA-p4gv-mjgc-3g68",
  "modified": "2023-08-08T15:31:44Z",
  "published": "2022-02-18T00:00:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-23319"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ganaware/pcf2bdf/issues/5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ganaware/pcf2bdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P4PJ-MG4R-X6V4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-02-02 15:46 – Updated: 2024-02-08 22:17
VLAI
Summary
Denial of Service in uap-core
Details

Impact

Some regexes are vulnerable to regular expression denial of service (REDoS) due to overlapping capture groups. This allows remote attackers to overload a server by setting the User-Agent header in an HTTP(S) request to maliciously crafted long strings.

Patches

Please update uap-core to >= v0.11.0

Downstream packages such as uap-python, uap-ruby etc which depend upon uap-core follow different version schemes.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "uap-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.11.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-21317"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1333",
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2021-02-01T16:57:05Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-02-16T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "## Impact\n\nSome regexes are vulnerable to regular expression denial of service (REDoS) due to overlapping capture groups. This allows remote attackers to overload a server by setting the User-Agent header in an HTTP(S) request to maliciously crafted long strings.\n\n## Patches\n\nPlease update uap-core to \u003e= v0.11.0\n\nDownstream packages such as uap-python, uap-ruby etc which depend upon uap-core follow different version schemes.",
  "id": "GHSA-p4pj-mg4r-x6v4",
  "modified": "2024-02-08T22:17:20Z",
  "published": "2021-02-02T15:46:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ua-parser/uap-core/security/advisories/GHSA-p4pj-mg4r-x6v4"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-21317"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ua-parser/uap-core/commit/dc9925d458214cfe87b93e35346980612f6ae96c"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/ua-parser/uap-core"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.npmjs.com/package/uap-core"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Denial of Service in uap-core"
}

GHSA-P4R4-XVRQ-GVMC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-24 09:30 – Updated: 2026-05-05 00:24
VLAI
Summary
Grafana Tempo has an Uncontrolled Resource Consumption issue
Details

Tempo queries with large limits can cause large memory allocations which can impact the availability of the service, depending on its deployment strategy.

Mitigation can be done by setting max_result_limit in the search config, e.g. to 262144 (2^18).

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/grafana/tempo"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.3.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.8.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/grafana/tempo"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.9.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.9.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/grafana/tempo"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.10.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.10.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-21728"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-05T00:24:31Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-24T09:16:03Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Tempo queries with large limits can cause large memory allocations which can impact the availability of the service, depending on its deployment strategy.\n\nMitigation can be done by setting max_result_limit in the search config, e.g. to 262144 (2^18).",
  "id": "GHSA-p4r4-xvrq-gvmc",
  "modified": "2026-05-05T00:24:31Z",
  "published": "2026-04-24T09:30:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-21728"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/grafana/tempo/pull/6525"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/grafana/tempo/commit/650eb1985a0776789c8564122990f588a742356f"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/grafana/tempo"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/grafana/tempo/blob/4dc3e5b0d3463a0b67498b662b85a148698b4afd/docs/sources/tempo/release-notes/version-2/v2-10.md?plain=1#L328"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/grafana/tempo/blob/4dc3e5b0d3463a0b67498b662b85a148698b4afd/docs/sources/tempo/release-notes/version-2/v2-8.md?plain=1#L251"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/grafana/tempo/blob/4dc3e5b0d3463a0b67498b662b85a148698b4afd/docs/sources/tempo/release-notes/version-2/v2-9.md?plain=1#L224"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://grafana.com/security/security-advisories/cve-2026-21728"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Grafana Tempo has an Uncontrolled Resource Consumption issue"
}

GHSA-P4RX-7WVG-FWRC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-10 15:27 – Updated: 2024-01-10 15:27
VLAI
Summary
CRI-O's pods can break out of resource confinement on cgroupv2
Details

Impact

What kind of vulnerability is it? Who is impacted? All versions of CRI-O running on cgroupv2 nodes. Unchecked access to an experimental annotation allows a container to be unconfined. Back in 2021, support was added to support an experimental annotation that allows a user to request special resources in cgroupv2. It was supposed to be gated by an experimental annotation: io.kubernetes.cri-o.UnifiedCgroup, which was supposed to be filtered from the list of allowed annotations . However, there is a bug in this code which allows any user to specify this annotation, regardless of whether it's enabled on the node. The consequences of this are a pod can specify any amount of memory/cpu and get it, circumventing the kubernetes scheduler, and potentially be able to DOS a node.

Patches

Has the problem been patched? What versions should users upgrade to? 1.29.1, 1.28.3, 1.27.3

Workarounds

Is there a way for users to fix or remediate the vulnerability without upgrading? use cgroupv1

References

Are there any links users can visit to find out more?

Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/cri-o/cri-o"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.29.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.29.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "1.29.0"
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/cri-o/cri-o"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.28.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.28.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/cri-o/cri-o"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.27.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-6476"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400",
      "CWE-770"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-01-10T15:27:45Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-01-09T22:15:43Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\n_What kind of vulnerability is it? Who is impacted?_\nAll versions of CRI-O running on cgroupv2 nodes. \nUnchecked access to an experimental annotation allows a container to be unconfined. Back in 2021, [support was added](https://github.com/cri-o/cri-o/pull/4479) to support an experimental annotation that allows a user to request special resources in cgroupv2. It was supposed to be gated by an experimental annotation: `io.kubernetes.cri-o.UnifiedCgroup`, which was supposed to be filtered from the [list of allowed annotations](https://github.com/cri-o/cri-o/blob/main/pkg/config/workloads.go#L103-L107) . However, there is a bug in this code which allows any user to specify this annotation, regardless of whether it\u0027s enabled on the node. The consequences of this are a pod can specify any amount of memory/cpu and get it, circumventing the kubernetes scheduler, and potentially be able to DOS a node. \n### Patches\n_Has the problem been patched? What versions should users upgrade to?_\n1.29.1, 1.28.3, 1.27.3\n\n### Workarounds\n_Is there a way for users to fix or remediate the vulnerability without upgrading?_\nuse cgroupv1\n\n### References\n_Are there any links users can visit to find out more?_\n",
  "id": "GHSA-p4rx-7wvg-fwrc",
  "modified": "2024-01-10T15:27:45Z",
  "published": "2024-01-10T15:27:45Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/cri-o/cri-o/security/advisories/GHSA-p4rx-7wvg-fwrc"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-6476"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/cri-o/cri-o/pull/4479"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/cri-o/cri-o/commit/75effcb1a25851a736e82dba1f7d8cee93ee159e"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:0195"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:0207"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-6476"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2253994"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/cri-o/cri-o"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/cri-o/cri-o/blob/main/pkg/config/workloads.go#L103-L107"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "CRI-O\u0027s pods can break out of resource confinement on cgroupv2"
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Design throttling mechanisms into the system architecture. The best protection is to limit the amount of resources that an unauthorized user can cause to be expended. A strong authentication and access control model will help prevent such attacks from occurring in the first place. The login application should be protected against DoS attacks as much as possible. Limiting the database access, perhaps by caching result sets, can help minimize the resources expended. To further limit the potential for a DoS attack, consider tracking the rate of requests received from users and blocking requests that exceed a defined rate threshold.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Mitigation of resource exhaustion attacks requires that the target system either:
  • The first of these solutions is an issue in itself though, since it may allow attackers to prevent the use of the system by a particular valid user. If the attacker impersonates the valid user, they may be able to prevent the user from accessing the server in question.
  • The second solution is simply difficult to effectively institute -- and even when properly done, it does not provide a full solution. It simply makes the attack require more resources on the part of the attacker.
  • recognizes the attack and denies that user further access for a given amount of time, or
  • uniformly throttles all requests in order to make it more difficult to consume resources more quickly than they can again be freed.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that protocols have specific limits of scale placed on them.

Mitigation
Implementation

Ensure that all failures in resource allocation place the system into a safe posture.

CAPEC-147: XML Ping of the Death

An attacker initiates a resource depletion attack where a large number of small XML messages are delivered at a sufficiently rapid rate to cause a denial of service or crash of the target. Transactions such as repetitive SOAP transactions can deplete resources faster than a simple flooding attack because of the additional resources used by the SOAP protocol and the resources necessary to process SOAP messages. The transactions used are immaterial as long as they cause resource utilization on the target. In other words, this is a normal flooding attack augmented by using messages that will require extra processing on the target.

CAPEC-227: Sustained Client Engagement

An adversary attempts to deny legitimate users access to a resource by continually engaging a specific resource in an attempt to keep the resource tied up as long as possible. The adversary's primary goal is not to crash or flood the target, which would alert defenders; rather it is to repeatedly perform actions or abuse algorithmic flaws such that a given resource is tied up and not available to a legitimate user. By carefully crafting a requests that keep the resource engaged through what is seemingly benign requests, legitimate users are limited or completely denied access to the resource.

CAPEC-492: Regular Expression Exponential Blowup

An adversary may execute an attack on a program that uses a poor Regular Expression(Regex) implementation by choosing input that results in an extreme situation for the Regex. A typical extreme situation operates at exponential time compared to the input size. This is due to most implementations using a Nondeterministic Finite Automaton(NFA) state machine to be built by the Regex algorithm since NFA allows backtracking and thus more complex regular expressions.

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