CWE-400
DiscouragedUncontrolled Resource Consumption
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.
5435 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-95X4-J7VC-H8MF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-17 17:07 – Updated: 2023-05-17 17:07Summary
Previous versions of ReactPHP's HTTP server component contain a potential DoS vulnerability that can cause high CPU load when processing large HTTP request bodies. This vulnerability has little to no impact on the default configuration, but can be exploited when explicitly using the RequestBodyBufferMiddleware with very large settings. This might lead to consuming large amounts of CPU time for processing requests and significantly delay or slow down the processing of legitimate user requests.
Patches
The supplied patch resolves this vulnerability for ReactPHP.
Workarounds
-
Keeping the request body limit using
RequestBodyBufferMiddlewaresensible will mitigate it. -
Infrastructure or DevOps can place a reverse proxy in front of the ReactPHP HTTP server to filter out any excessive HTTP request bodies.
References
A similar vulnerability was discovered in PHP recently, see also PHP's security advisory (CVE-2023-0662). The fix is based on the PHP-FPM fix.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "react/http"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0.8.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.9.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-26044"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-05-17T17:07:57Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-05-17T18:15:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Summary\n\nPrevious versions of ReactPHP\u0027s HTTP server component contain a potential DoS vulnerability that can cause high CPU load when processing large HTTP request bodies. This vulnerability has little to no impact on the default configuration, but can be exploited when explicitly using the `RequestBodyBufferMiddleware` with very large settings. This might lead to consuming large amounts of CPU time for processing requests and significantly delay or slow down the processing of legitimate user requests.\n\n### Patches\n\nThe supplied patch resolves this vulnerability for ReactPHP.\n\n### Workarounds\n\n- Keeping the request body limit using `RequestBodyBufferMiddleware` sensible will mitigate it.\n\n- Infrastructure or DevOps can place a reverse proxy in front of the ReactPHP HTTP server to filter out any excessive HTTP request bodies.\n\n### References\n\nA similar vulnerability was discovered in PHP recently, see also [PHP\u0027s security advisory](https://github.com/php/php-src/security/advisories/GHSA-54hq-v5wp-fqgv) (CVE-2023-0662). The fix is based on the [PHP-FPM fix](https://github.com/php/php-src/commit/716de0cff539f46294ef70fe75d548cd66766370#diff-81d659aa9e83177ac08151f99cebf21ab331d22462c72a1039f59947e66f5a35).\n",
"id": "GHSA-95x4-j7vc-h8mf",
"modified": "2023-05-17T17:07:57Z",
"published": "2023-05-17T17:07:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/php/php-src/security/advisories/GHSA-54hq-v5wp-fqgv"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/reactphp/http/security/advisories/GHSA-95x4-j7vc-h8mf"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-26044"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/php/php-src/commit/716de0cff539f46294ef70fe75d548cd66766370#diff-81d659aa9e83177ac08151f99cebf21ab331d22462c72a1039f59947e66f5a35"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/reactphp/http/commit/9681f764b80c45ebfb5fe2ea7da5bd3babfcdcfd"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories/blob/master/react/http/CVE-2023-26044.yaml"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-95x4-j7vc-h8mf"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/reactphp/http"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/reactphp/http/releases/tag/v1.9.0"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "ReactPHP\u0027s HTTP server continues parsing unused multipart parts after reaching input field and file upload limits"
}
GHSA-9628-XX9P-XJQJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-20 09:30 – Updated: 2024-01-12 09:30When adding an external mail account, processing of SMTP "capabilities" responses are not limited to plausible sizes. Attacker with access to a rogue SMTP service could trigger requests that lead to excessive resource usage and eventually service unavailability. We now limit accepted SMTP server response to reasonable length/size. No publicly available exploits are known.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-26432"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-20T08:15:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "When adding an external mail account, processing of SMTP \"capabilities\" responses are not limited to plausible sizes. Attacker with access to a rogue SMTP service could trigger requests that lead to excessive resource usage and eventually service unavailability. We now limit accepted SMTP server response to reasonable length/size. No publicly available exploits are known.\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-9628-xx9p-xjqj",
"modified": "2024-01-12T09:30:26Z",
"published": "2023-06-20T09:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-26432"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://documentation.open-xchange.com/appsuite/security/advisories/csaf/2023/oxas-adv-2023-0002.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://documentation.open-xchange.com/security/advisories/csaf/oxas-adv-2023-0002.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://software.open-xchange.com/products/appsuite/doc/Release_Notes_for_Patch_Release_6219_7.10.6_2023-03-20.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/173083/OX-App-Suite-SSRF-Resource-Consumption-Command-Injection.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2023/Jun/8"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-962V-M5VF-4CV6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-25 18:32 – Updated: 2024-02-01 15:30PingFederate Administrative Console dependency contains a weakness where console becomes unresponsive with crafted Java class loading enumeration requests
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-39219"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-10-25T18:17:28Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "PingFederate Administrative Console dependency contains a weakness where console becomes unresponsive with crafted Java class loading enumeration requests\n",
"id": "GHSA-962v-m5vf-4cv6",
"modified": "2024-02-01T15:30:24Z",
"published": "2023-10-25T18:32:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-39219"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.pingidentity.com/r/en-us/pingfederate-113/gyk1689105783244"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.pingidentity.com/en/resources/downloads/pingfederate.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-964R-MPXX-74P7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:08 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:08chatwoot is vulnerable to Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-3649"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400",
"CWE-697"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-07-16T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "chatwoot is vulnerable to Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity",
"id": "GHSA-964r-mpxx-74p7",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:08:17Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:08:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-3649"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/chatwoot/chatwoot/commit/aa7db90cd2d23dbcf22a94f1e4c100dd909e2172"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.dev/bounties/1625088985607-chatwoot/chatwoot"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9663-MQMP-P9MM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-11 13:28 – Updated: 2026-06-11 13:28Impact
AsyncListener.handle_query_or_defer retained every truncated (TC-bit) incoming query in self._deferred[addr] and armed a per-addr timer in self._timers[addr] that flushed the reassembled query within ~500 ms (RFC 6762 §18.5). Neither the per-addr list nor the number of distinct addr keys was capped, and the dedup check (for incoming in reversed(deferred): if incoming.data == msg.data) ran O(N) over the per-addr list on every arrival.
Any unauthenticated host on the local link (UDP/5353, 224.0.0.251 / ff02::fb) can stream byte-distinct TC-flagged mDNS queries — each up to _MAX_MSG_ABSOLUTE = 8966 bytes, with DNSIncoming retaining the raw data buffer plus parsed-record state. Trivially spoofed source IPs multiply the effect across _deferred / _timers, and the O(N) data compare burns CPU quadratically as each per-addr queue grows. On memory-constrained deployments (Home Assistant on Raspberry-Pi-class hardware is the canonical victim) sustained traffic OOM-kills the process; under lighter load, the per-arrival scan and event-loop scheduler starvation break unrelated zeroconf consumers (discovery, registration, ServiceBrowser callbacks).
Patches
Fixed in zeroconf 0.149.12 (PR #1751). Upgrade to >= 0.149.12.
Workarounds
There is no in-process workaround; upgrading is the fix. Otherwise, restrict mDNS (UDP/5353) to trusted Layer-2 segments via AP client isolation, guest-network separation, or host firewall rules.
Resources
- PR #1751, fix
- RFC 6762 §18.5, CWE-400
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "zeroconf"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.149.12"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-48045"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400",
"CWE-770"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-06-11T13:28:55Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\n`AsyncListener.handle_query_or_defer` retained every truncated (TC-bit) incoming query in `self._deferred[addr]` and armed a per-addr timer in `self._timers[addr]` that flushed the reassembled query within ~500 ms (RFC 6762 \u00a718.5). Neither the per-addr list nor the number of distinct `addr` keys was capped, and the dedup check (`for incoming in reversed(deferred): if incoming.data == msg.data`) ran O(N) over the per-addr list on every arrival.\n\nAny unauthenticated host on the local link (UDP/5353, `224.0.0.251` / `ff02::fb`) can stream byte-distinct TC-flagged mDNS queries \u2014 each up to `_MAX_MSG_ABSOLUTE = 8966` bytes, with `DNSIncoming` retaining the raw `data` buffer plus parsed-record state. Trivially spoofed source IPs multiply the effect across `_deferred` / `_timers`, and the O(N) data compare burns CPU quadratically as each per-addr queue grows. On memory-constrained deployments (Home Assistant on Raspberry-Pi-class hardware is the canonical victim) sustained traffic OOM-kills the process; under lighter load, the per-arrival scan and event-loop scheduler starvation break unrelated zeroconf consumers (discovery, registration, ServiceBrowser callbacks).\n\n### Patches\n\nFixed in `zeroconf` 0.149.12 ([PR #1751](https://github.com/python-zeroconf/python-zeroconf/pull/1751)). Upgrade to `\u003e= 0.149.12`.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nThere is no in-process workaround; upgrading is the fix. Otherwise, restrict mDNS (UDP/5353) to trusted Layer-2 segments via AP client isolation, guest-network separation, or host firewall rules.\n\n### Resources\n\n- [PR #1751](https://github.com/python-zeroconf/python-zeroconf/pull/1751), fix\n- [RFC 6762 \u00a718.5](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6762#section-18.5), [CWE-400](https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/400.html)",
"id": "GHSA-9663-mqmp-p9mm",
"modified": "2026-06-11T13:28:55Z",
"published": "2026-06-11T13:28:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/python-zeroconf/python-zeroconf/security/advisories/GHSA-9663-mqmp-p9mm"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/python-zeroconf/python-zeroconf/pull/1751"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/python-zeroconf/python-zeroconf/commit/b22c8ff19c66c68907d220a4823c0950f4fa93f7"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/python-zeroconf/python-zeroconf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "python-zeroconf: Unbounded TC-deferred queue allows LAN-local memory exhaustion via spoofed-source flood"
}
GHSA-96FP-5VVQ-H9WG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-30 00:32 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:34The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.6. An app may be able to cause a denial-of-service.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-43235"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-30T00:15:35Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.6. An app may be able to cause a denial-of-service.",
"id": "GHSA-96fp-5vvq-h9wg",
"modified": "2025-11-03T21:34:15Z",
"published": "2025-07-30T00:32:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-43235"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/124149"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Jul/32"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-96GJ-XMPH-8XRX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-17 00:30 – Updated: 2025-06-20 21:31Vulnerability in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL (component: Server: DDL). Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.35 and prior and 8.2.0 and prior. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Server. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of MySQL Server. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 4.9 (Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-20981"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-01-16T22:15:45Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL (component: Server: DDL). Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.35 and prior and 8.2.0 and prior. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Server. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of MySQL Server. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 4.9 (Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).",
"id": "GHSA-96gj-xmph-8xrx",
"modified": "2025-06-20T21:31:43Z",
"published": "2024-01-17T00:30:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-20981"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20240201-0003"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2024.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-96GP-FF96-GM4R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-13 00:00 – Updated: 2022-04-20 00:00A vulnerability has been identified in SIMATIC PCS neo (Administration Console) (All versions < V3.1 SP1), SINETPLAN (All versions), TIA Portal (V15, V15.1, V16 and V17). The affected system cannot properly process specially crafted packets sent to port 8888/tcp. A remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to cause a Denial-of-Service condition. The affected devices must be restarted manually.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-27194"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-04-12T09:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in SIMATIC PCS neo (Administration Console) (All versions \u003c V3.1 SP1), SINETPLAN (All versions), TIA Portal (V15, V15.1, V16 and V17). The affected system cannot properly process specially crafted packets sent to port 8888/tcp. A remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to cause a Denial-of-Service condition. The affected devices must be restarted manually.",
"id": "GHSA-96gp-ff96-gm4r",
"modified": "2022-04-20T00:00:50Z",
"published": "2022-04-13T00:00:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-27194"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-711829.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-96H7-MG93-6889
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:45 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:45A vulnerability in the detection engine reassembly of Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) packets for Cisco Firepower System Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition because the Snort process consumes a high level of CPU resources. Affected Products: This vulnerability affects Cisco Firepower System Software running software releases 6.0.0, 6.1.0, 6.2.0, or 6.2.1 when the device is configured with an SSL policy that has at least one rule specifying traffic decryption. More Information: CSCvc58563. Known Affected Releases: 6.0.0 6.1.0 6.2.0 6.2.1.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-3885"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-04-07T17:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the detection engine reassembly of Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) packets for Cisco Firepower System Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition because the Snort process consumes a high level of CPU resources. Affected Products: This vulnerability affects Cisco Firepower System Software running software releases 6.0.0, 6.1.0, 6.2.0, or 6.2.1 when the device is configured with an SSL policy that has at least one rule specifying traffic decryption. More Information: CSCvc58563. Known Affected Releases: 6.0.0 6.1.0 6.2.0 6.2.1.",
"id": "GHSA-96h7-mg93-6889",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:45:57Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:45:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-3885"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20170405-cfpw"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/97451"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-96HV-2XVQ-FX4P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-15 16:34 – Updated: 2026-07-13 15:31Impact
A high volume of exceptionally small fragments and data chunks can be sent by a peer, with modest network traffic, to force the remote peer into allocating and holding structural wrappers that consume far more memory than the default documented message-size limit, leading to process termination due to OOM.
Proof of concept
import { WebSocket, WebSocketServer } from 'ws';
const wss = new WebSocketServer({ port: 0 }, function () {
const data = Buffer.alloc(1);
const options = { fin: false };
const { port } = wss.address();
const ws = new WebSocket(`ws://localhost:${port}`);
ws.on('open', function () {
(function send() {
ws.send(data, options, function (err) {
if (err) return;
send();
});
})();
});
ws.on('error', console.error);
ws.on('close', function (code, reason) {
console.log(`client close - code: ${code} reason: ${reason.toString()}`);
});
});
wss.on('connection', function (ws) {
ws.on('error', console.error);
ws.on('close', function (code, reason) {
console.log(`server close - code: ${code} reason: ${reason.toString()}`);
});
});
Patches
The vulnerability was fixed in ws@8.21.0 (https://github.com/websockets/ws/commit/bca91adf15677e47dbe4f959653452727be28b94) and backported to ws@7.5.11 (https://github.com/websockets/ws/commit/fd36cd864fcdf62a08273a99e19a7d975401fee8), ws@6.2.4 (https://github.com/websockets/ws/commit/86d3e8a5fb0246ed373860c5fbb0de88824a27f7), and ws@5.2.5 (https://github.com/websockets/ws/commit/b5372ac67bb97a773727b8e9f5035a8123556d53).
Workarounds
In vulnerable versions, the issue can be mitigated by lowering the value of the maxPayload option if possible.
Credits
The vulnerability was responsibly disclosed and fixed by Nadav Magier.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "ws"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.1.0"
},
{
"fixed": "5.2.5"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "ws"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "6.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "6.2.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "ws"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "7.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "7.5.11"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "ws"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "8.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "8.21.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-48779"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1050",
"CWE-400",
"CWE-770"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-06-15T16:34:23Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-17T13:20:42Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\nA high volume of exceptionally small fragments and data chunks can be sent by a peer, with modest network traffic, to force the remote peer into allocating and holding structural wrappers that consume far more memory than the default documented message-size limit, leading to process termination due to OOM.\n\n### Proof of concept\n\n```js\nimport { WebSocket, WebSocketServer } from \u0027ws\u0027;\n\nconst wss = new WebSocketServer({ port: 0 }, function () {\n const data = Buffer.alloc(1);\n const options = { fin: false };\n const { port } = wss.address();\n const ws = new WebSocket(`ws://localhost:${port}`);\n\n ws.on(\u0027open\u0027, function () {\n (function send() {\n ws.send(data, options, function (err) {\n if (err) return;\n send();\n });\n })();\n });\n\n ws.on(\u0027error\u0027, console.error);\n ws.on(\u0027close\u0027, function (code, reason) {\n console.log(`client close - code: ${code} reason: ${reason.toString()}`);\n });\n});\n\nwss.on(\u0027connection\u0027, function (ws) {\n ws.on(\u0027error\u0027, console.error);\n ws.on(\u0027close\u0027, function (code, reason) {\n console.log(`server close - code: ${code} reason: ${reason.toString()}`);\n });\n});\n```\n\n### Patches\n\nThe vulnerability was fixed in ws@8.21.0 (https://github.com/websockets/ws/commit/bca91adf15677e47dbe4f959653452727be28b94) and backported to ws@7.5.11 (https://github.com/websockets/ws/commit/fd36cd864fcdf62a08273a99e19a7d975401fee8), ws@6.2.4 (https://github.com/websockets/ws/commit/86d3e8a5fb0246ed373860c5fbb0de88824a27f7), and ws@5.2.5 (https://github.com/websockets/ws/commit/b5372ac67bb97a773727b8e9f5035a8123556d53).\n\n### Workarounds\n\nIn vulnerable versions, the issue can be mitigated by lowering the value of the `maxPayload` option if possible.\n\n### Credits\n\nThe vulnerability was responsibly disclosed and fixed by [Nadav Magier](https://github.com/Nadav0077).",
"id": "GHSA-96hv-2xvq-fx4p",
"modified": "2026-07-13T15:31:39Z",
"published": "2026-06-15T16:34:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/websockets/ws/security/advisories/GHSA-96hv-2xvq-fx4p"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-48779"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/websockets/ws/commit/fd36cd864fcdf62a08273a99e19a7d975401fee8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/websockets/ws/commit/bca91adf15677e47dbe4f959653452727be28b94"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/websockets/ws/commit/b5372ac67bb97a773727b8e9f5035a8123556d53"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/websockets/ws/commit/86d3e8a5fb0246ed373860c5fbb0de88824a27f7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-48779.json"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/websockets/ws"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2489661"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-48779"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:37272"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:36820"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:36754"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:34342"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:33574"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:33183"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:33173"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:33163"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:33160"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:33155"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:29197"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:27171"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26638"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "ws: Memory exhaustion DoS from tiny fragments and data chunks"
}
Mitigation
Design throttling mechanisms into the system architecture. The best protection is to limit the amount of resources that an unauthorized user can cause to be expended. A strong authentication and access control model will help prevent such attacks from occurring in the first place. The login application should be protected against DoS attacks as much as possible. Limiting the database access, perhaps by caching result sets, can help minimize the resources expended. To further limit the potential for a DoS attack, consider tracking the rate of requests received from users and blocking requests that exceed a defined rate threshold.
Mitigation
- Mitigation of resource exhaustion attacks requires that the target system either:
- The first of these solutions is an issue in itself though, since it may allow attackers to prevent the use of the system by a particular valid user. If the attacker impersonates the valid user, they may be able to prevent the user from accessing the server in question.
- The second solution is simply difficult to effectively institute -- and even when properly done, it does not provide a full solution. It simply makes the attack require more resources on the part of the attacker.
- recognizes the attack and denies that user further access for a given amount of time, or
- uniformly throttles all requests in order to make it more difficult to consume resources more quickly than they can again be freed.
Mitigation
Ensure that protocols have specific limits of scale placed on them.
Mitigation
Ensure that all failures in resource allocation place the system into a safe posture.
CAPEC-147: XML Ping of the Death
An attacker initiates a resource depletion attack where a large number of small XML messages are delivered at a sufficiently rapid rate to cause a denial of service or crash of the target. Transactions such as repetitive SOAP transactions can deplete resources faster than a simple flooding attack because of the additional resources used by the SOAP protocol and the resources necessary to process SOAP messages. The transactions used are immaterial as long as they cause resource utilization on the target. In other words, this is a normal flooding attack augmented by using messages that will require extra processing on the target.
CAPEC-227: Sustained Client Engagement
An adversary attempts to deny legitimate users access to a resource by continually engaging a specific resource in an attempt to keep the resource tied up as long as possible. The adversary's primary goal is not to crash or flood the target, which would alert defenders; rather it is to repeatedly perform actions or abuse algorithmic flaws such that a given resource is tied up and not available to a legitimate user. By carefully crafting a requests that keep the resource engaged through what is seemingly benign requests, legitimate users are limited or completely denied access to the resource.
CAPEC-492: Regular Expression Exponential Blowup
An adversary may execute an attack on a program that uses a poor Regular Expression(Regex) implementation by choosing input that results in an extreme situation for the Regex. A typical extreme situation operates at exponential time compared to the input size. This is due to most implementations using a Nondeterministic Finite Automaton(NFA) state machine to be built by the Regex algorithm since NFA allows backtracking and thus more complex regular expressions.