CWE-400
DiscouragedUncontrolled Resource Consumption
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.
5485 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-89W7-5Q45-R53W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-20 06:30 – Updated: 2025-04-16 21:41All versions of package lite-server are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) when an attacker sends an HTTP request and includes control characters that the decodeURI() function is unable to parse.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "lite-server"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "2.6.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.webjars.npm:lite-server"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "2.2.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-25940"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-20",
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-12-20T17:37:47Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-12-20T05:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "All versions of package lite-server are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) when an attacker sends an HTTP request and includes control characters that the `decodeURI()` function is unable to parse.",
"id": "GHSA-89w7-5q45-r53w",
"modified": "2025-04-16T21:41:24Z",
"published": "2022-12-20T06:30:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-25940"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/lirantal/832382155e00da92bfd8bb3adea474eb"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/johnpapa/lite-server"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JAVA-ORGWEBJARSNPM-3175617"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-LITESERVER-3153540"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "lite-server vulnerable to Denial of Service"
}
GHSA-89X8-FVQ4-X5W3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-08 00:32 – Updated: 2024-02-08 00:32An issue has been discovered in GitLab EE affecting all versions from 13.3.0 prior to 16.6.7, 16.7 prior to 16.7.5, and 16.8 prior to 16.8.2 which allows an attacker to do a resource exhaustion using GraphQL vulnerabilitiesCountByDay
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-1066"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400",
"CWE-770"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-07T22:15:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue has been discovered in GitLab EE affecting all versions from 13.3.0 prior to 16.6.7, 16.7 prior to 16.7.5, and 16.8 prior to 16.8.2 which allows an attacker to do a resource exhaustion using GraphQL `vulnerabilitiesCountByDay`",
"id": "GHSA-89x8-fvq4-x5w3",
"modified": "2024-02-08T00:32:19Z",
"published": "2024-02-08T00:32:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-1066"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/420341"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8C26-XM99-53W7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-16 15:32 – Updated: 2025-06-16 17:00Liferay Portal 7.4.0 through 7.4.3.97, and Liferay DXP 2023.Q3.1 through 2023.Q3.2, 7.4 GA through update 92, 7.3 GA through update 35, and 7.2 fix pack 8 through fix pack 20 does not limit the depth of a GraphQL queries, which allows remote attackers to perform denial-of-service (DoS) attacks on the application by executing complex queries.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "com.liferay:com.liferay.portal.vulcan.impl"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "5.0.103"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-3602"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-06-16T17:00:28Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-06-16T14:15:22Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Liferay Portal 7.4.0 through 7.4.3.97, and Liferay DXP 2023.Q3.1 through 2023.Q3.2, 7.4 GA through update 92, 7.3 GA through update 35, and 7.2 fix pack 8 through fix pack 20 does not limit the depth of a GraphQL queries, which allows remote attackers to perform denial-of-service (DoS) attacks on the application by executing complex queries.",
"id": "GHSA-8c26-xm99-53w7",
"modified": "2025-06-16T17:00:29Z",
"published": "2025-06-16T15:32:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-3602"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/liferay/liferay-portal/commit/6c6dad38c9c891ad58cdee9deb2e35432d7e8816"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/liferay/liferay-portal"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://liferay.dev/portal/security/known-vulnerabilities/-/asset_publisher/jekt/content/CVE-2025-3602"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Liferay Portal does not limit the depth of a GraphQL queries"
}
GHSA-8CC7-M958-9R87
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:23 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:23The KVM implementation in the Linux kernel before 2.6.36 does not properly reload the FS and GS segment registers, which allows host OS users to cause a denial of service (host OS crash) via a KVM_RUN ioctl call in conjunction with a modified Local Descriptor Table (LDT).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2010-3698"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2010-11-26T19:00:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The KVM implementation in the Linux kernel before 2.6.36 does not properly reload the FS and GS segment registers, which allows host OS users to cause a denial of service (host OS crash) via a KVM_RUN ioctl call in conjunction with a modified Local Descriptor Table (LDT).",
"id": "GHSA-8cc7-m958-9r87",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:23:36Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:23:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-3698"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=639879"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.git%3Ba=commit%3Bh=9581d442b9058d3699b4be568b6e5eae38a41493"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.git;a=commit;h=9581d442b9058d3699b4be568b6e5eae38a41493"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-announce/2010-December/052513.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/42745"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/ChangeLog-2.6.36"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.mandriva.com/security/advisories?name=MDVSA-2011:029"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.redhat.com/support/errata/RHSA-2010-0842.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.redhat.com/support/errata/RHSA-2010-0898.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/44500"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2010/3123"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2010/3321"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-8CH7-Q54X-Q3WC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:17 – Updated: 2025-11-05 00:31GE Multilink ML800, ML1200, ML1600, and ML2400 switches with firmware 4.2.1 and earlier and Multilink ML810, ML3000, and ML3100 switches with firmware 5.2.0 and earlier allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (resource consumption or reboot) via crafted packets.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2014-5418"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2015-01-17T02:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "GE Multilink ML800, ML1200, ML1600, and ML2400 switches with firmware 4.2.1 and earlier and Multilink ML810, ML3000, and ML3100 switches with firmware 5.2.0 and earlier allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (resource consumption or reboot) via crafted packets.",
"id": "GHSA-8ch7-q54x-q3wc",
"modified": "2025-11-05T00:31:11Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T04:17:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-5418"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cisagov/CSAF/blob/develop/csaf_files/OT/white/2015/icsa-15-013-04a.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-15-013-04"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-15-013-04a"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.gedigitalenergy.com/products/support/multilink/MLSB1214.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-8CP4-278C-76M4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-21 21:33 – Updated: 2025-10-21 21:33Vulnerability in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL (component: InnoDB). Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.0-8.0.43, 8.4.0-8.4.6 and 9.0.0-9.4.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Server. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of MySQL Server. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 4.9 (Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-53045"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-21T20:20:41Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL (component: InnoDB). Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.0-8.0.43, 8.4.0-8.4.6 and 9.0.0-9.4.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Server. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of MySQL Server. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 4.9 (Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).",
"id": "GHSA-8cp4-278c-76m4",
"modified": "2025-10-21T21:33:41Z",
"published": "2025-10-21T21:33:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-53045"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2025.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8CPF-FXR6-4WPQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-17 00:30 – Updated: 2024-04-26 09:30Vulnerability in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL (component: Server: Optimizer). Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.36 and prior and 8.3.0 and prior. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Server. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of MySQL Server. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 4.4 (Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-21008"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-16T22:15:14Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL (component: Server: Optimizer). Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.36 and prior and 8.3.0 and prior. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Server. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of MySQL Server. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 4.4 (Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).",
"id": "GHSA-8cpf-fxr6-4wpq",
"modified": "2024-04-26T09:30:33Z",
"published": "2024-04-17T00:30:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-21008"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20240426-0013"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2024.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8CV5-P934-3HWP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2020-12-08 21:42 – Updated: 2021-10-08 20:36Impact
Possible ReDoS (Regular Expression Denial of Service) when using ignoreEmpty option when parsing.
Patches
This has been patched in v4.3.6
Workarounds
You will only be affected by this if you use the ignoreEmpty parsing option. If you do use this option it is recommended that you upgrade to the latest version v4.3.6
References
This vulnerability was found using a CodeQL query which identified EMPTY_ROW_REGEXP regular expression as vulnerable.
Link to query run.
For more information
If you have any questions or comments about this advisory: * Open an issue in fast-csv
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "fast-csv"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.3.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "@fast-csv/parse"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.3.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-26256"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2020-12-08T21:42:31Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2020-12-08T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "### Impact\nPossible ReDoS (Regular Expression Denial of Service) when using `ignoreEmpty` option when parsing.\n\n### Patches\nThis has been patched in `v4.3.6`\n\n### Workarounds\nYou will only be affected by this if you use the `ignoreEmpty` parsing option. If you do use this option it is recommended that you upgrade to the latest version `v4.3.6`\n\n### References\n\nThis vulnerability was found using a [CodeQL](https://securitylab.github.com/tools/codeql) query which identified `EMPTY_ROW_REGEXP` regular expression as vulnerable.\n[Link to query run](https://lgtm.com/query/8609731774537641779/). \n\n### For more information\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n* Open an issue in [fast-csv](https://github.com/C2FO/fast-csv)",
"id": "GHSA-8cv5-p934-3hwp",
"modified": "2021-10-08T20:36:36Z",
"published": "2020-12-08T21:42:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/C2FO/fast-csv/security/advisories/GHSA-8cv5-p934-3hwp"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26256"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/C2FO/fast-csv/issues/540"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/C2FO/fast-csv/commit/4bbd39f26a8cd7382151ab4f5fb102234b2f829e"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/C2FO/fast-csv"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lgtm.com/query/8609731774537641779"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.npmjs.com/advisories/1587"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.npmjs.com/advisories/1588"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.npmjs.com/package/@fast-csv/parse"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.npmjs.com/package/fast-csv"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Denial of service in fast-csv"
}
GHSA-8CVR-4RRF-F244
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-11-10 20:15 – Updated: 2023-10-02 15:56OctoRPKI (github.com/cloudflare/cfrpki/cmd/octorpki) does not limit the length of a connection, allowing for a slowloris DOS attack to take place which makes OctoRPKI wait forever. Specifically, the repository that OctoRPKI sends HTTP requests to will keep the connection open for a day before a response is returned, but does keep drip feeding new bytes to keep the connection alive.
Patches
For more information
If you have any questions or comments about this advisory email us at security@cloudflare.com
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/cloudflare/cfrpki"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.4.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-3909"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-11-10T18:18:28Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2021-11-11T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "OctoRPKI (github.com/cloudflare/cfrpki/cmd/octorpki) does not limit the length of a connection, allowing for a slowloris DOS attack to take place which makes OctoRPKI wait forever. Specifically, the repository that OctoRPKI sends HTTP requests to will keep the connection open for a day before a response is returned, but does keep drip feeding new bytes to keep the connection alive.\n\n## Patches\n\n## For more information\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory email us at security@cloudflare.com\n",
"id": "GHSA-8cvr-4rrf-f244",
"modified": "2023-10-02T15:56:11Z",
"published": "2021-11-10T20:15:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cloudflare/cfrpki/security/advisories/GHSA-8cvr-4rrf-f244"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-3909"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/cloudflare/cfrpki"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cloudflare/cfrpki/releases/tag/v1.4.0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-5033"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5041"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Infinite open connection causes OctoRPKI to hang forever"
}
GHSA-8CWC-8W64-X93V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:00 – Updated: 2024-04-04 02:38peercoin through 0.6.4 (a chain-based proof-of-stake cryptocurrency) allows a remote denial of service, exploitable by an attacker who acquires even a small amount of stake/coins in the system. The attacker sends invalid headers/blocks, which are stored on the victim's disk.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-19166"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-11-05T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "peercoin through 0.6.4 (a chain-based proof-of-stake cryptocurrency) allows a remote denial of service, exploitable by an attacker who acquires even a small amount of stake/coins in the system. The attacker sends invalid headers/blocks, which are stored on the victim\u0027s disk.",
"id": "GHSA-8cwc-8w64-x93v",
"modified": "2024-04-04T02:38:19Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:00:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-19166"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://medium.com/%40dsl_uiuc/fake-stake-attacks-on-chain-based-proof-of-stake-cryptocurrencies-b8b05723f806"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://medium.com/@dsl_uiuc/fake-stake-attacks-on-chain-based-proof-of-stake-cryptocurrencies-b8b05723f806"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://fc19.ifca.ai/preproceedings/180-preproceedings.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Design throttling mechanisms into the system architecture. The best protection is to limit the amount of resources that an unauthorized user can cause to be expended. A strong authentication and access control model will help prevent such attacks from occurring in the first place. The login application should be protected against DoS attacks as much as possible. Limiting the database access, perhaps by caching result sets, can help minimize the resources expended. To further limit the potential for a DoS attack, consider tracking the rate of requests received from users and blocking requests that exceed a defined rate threshold.
Mitigation
- Mitigation of resource exhaustion attacks requires that the target system either:
- The first of these solutions is an issue in itself though, since it may allow attackers to prevent the use of the system by a particular valid user. If the attacker impersonates the valid user, they may be able to prevent the user from accessing the server in question.
- The second solution is simply difficult to effectively institute -- and even when properly done, it does not provide a full solution. It simply makes the attack require more resources on the part of the attacker.
- recognizes the attack and denies that user further access for a given amount of time, or
- uniformly throttles all requests in order to make it more difficult to consume resources more quickly than they can again be freed.
Mitigation
Ensure that protocols have specific limits of scale placed on them.
Mitigation
Ensure that all failures in resource allocation place the system into a safe posture.
CAPEC-147: XML Ping of the Death
An attacker initiates a resource depletion attack where a large number of small XML messages are delivered at a sufficiently rapid rate to cause a denial of service or crash of the target. Transactions such as repetitive SOAP transactions can deplete resources faster than a simple flooding attack because of the additional resources used by the SOAP protocol and the resources necessary to process SOAP messages. The transactions used are immaterial as long as they cause resource utilization on the target. In other words, this is a normal flooding attack augmented by using messages that will require extra processing on the target.
CAPEC-227: Sustained Client Engagement
An adversary attempts to deny legitimate users access to a resource by continually engaging a specific resource in an attempt to keep the resource tied up as long as possible. The adversary's primary goal is not to crash or flood the target, which would alert defenders; rather it is to repeatedly perform actions or abuse algorithmic flaws such that a given resource is tied up and not available to a legitimate user. By carefully crafting a requests that keep the resource engaged through what is seemingly benign requests, legitimate users are limited or completely denied access to the resource.
CAPEC-492: Regular Expression Exponential Blowup
An adversary may execute an attack on a program that uses a poor Regular Expression(Regex) implementation by choosing input that results in an extreme situation for the Regex. A typical extreme situation operates at exponential time compared to the input size. This is due to most implementations using a Nondeterministic Finite Automaton(NFA) state machine to be built by the Regex algorithm since NFA allows backtracking and thus more complex regular expressions.