CWE-400

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "k8s.io/apiserver"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.15.10"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "k8s.io/apiserver"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0.16.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.16.7"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "k8s.io/apiserver"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0.17.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.17.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-8552"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400",
      "CWE-770",
      "CWE-789"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2021-05-06T21:48:16Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-03-27T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Kubernetes API server component in Kubernetes versions prior to 1.15.9, 1.16.0-1.16.6, and 1.17.0-1.17.2 has been found to be vulnerable to a denial of service attack via successful API requests.",
  "id": "GHSA-82hx-w2r5-c2wq",
  "modified": "2023-09-20T22:42:48Z",
  "published": "2022-02-15T01:57:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-8552"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/89378"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/87669"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/commit/5978856c4c7f10737a11c9540fe60b8475beecbb"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/kubernetes-security-announce/2UOlsba2g0s"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/3SOCLOPTSYABTE4CLTSPDIFE6ZZZR4LX"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20200413-0003"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Kubernetes API Server DoS Via API Requests"
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-58349"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-06T19:16:26Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in L2 in Samsung Mobile Processor, Wearable Processor, and Modem Exynos 980, 990, 850, 1080, 2100, 1280, 2200, 1330, 1380, 1480, 2400, 1580, 2500, 9110, W920, W930, W1000, Modem 5123, Modem 5300, and Modem 5400. Incorrect handling of LTE MAC packets containing many MAC Control Elements (CEs) leads to baseband crashes.",
  "id": "GHSA-82mp-3rrr-qpgm",
  "modified": "2026-04-07T15:30:46Z",
  "published": "2026-04-06T21:31:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-58349"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://semiconductor.samsung.com/support/quality-support/product-security-updates"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://semiconductor.samsung.com/support/quality-support/product-security-updates/cve-2025-58349"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-9602"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-17T11:17:15Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Mattermost Desktop App versions \u003c=6.2 6.0.2 5.6.13.0 fail to validate payloads sent from the Mattermost Web App to the Desktop App which allows a malicious server owner to crash the Mattermost Desktop App via changing the payload of a method to a malformed one. Mattermost Advisory ID: MMSA-2026-00678",
  "id": "GHSA-82vr-gjvh-q9r8",
  "modified": "2026-07-17T12:31:30Z",
  "published": "2026-07-17T12:31:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-9602"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://mattermost.com/security-updates"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "crates.io",
        "name": "alloy-json-abi"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "0.7.7"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-08-15T22:10:06Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Affected versions of the `alloy-json-abi` crate did not properly handle parsing of malformatted JSON ABI strings. The `JsonAbi::parse` method can be tricked into a stack overflow when processing specially crafted input. \n\nThis stack overflow can lead to a crash of the application using this crate, potentially causing a denial of service.\n\nThe flaw was corrected in commit [4790c47](https://github.com/alloy-rs/core/commit/4790c47518024bd391bbd6815b00f501bad76a15).\n",
  "id": "GHSA-8327-84cj-8xjm",
  "modified": "2024-08-15T22:10:07Z",
  "published": "2024-08-15T22:10:06Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/alloy-rs/core/issues/702"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/alloy-rs/core/commit/4790c47518024bd391bbd6815b00f501bad76a15"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/alloy-rs/core"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://rustsec.org/advisories/RUSTSEC-2024-0362.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Stack overflow when parsing specially crafted JSON ABI strings"
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-38637"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-25T21:16:26Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An issue in the pthread_rwlockattr_setpshared() function of relibc commit 61f42d allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted input.",
  "id": "GHSA-8332-h5x6-6996",
  "modified": "2026-06-26T15:32:08Z",
  "published": "2026-06-25T21:31:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-38637"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Marsman1996/pocs/tree/master/redox/CVE-2026-38637"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.redox-os.org/redox-os/relibc/-/issues/264"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.redox-os.org/redox-os/relibc/-/merge_requests/987"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.redox-os.org/redox-os/relibc/-/work_items/264"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-21941"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-01-20T22:15:56Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Vulnerability in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL (component: Server: Optimizer).  Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.0-8.0.44, 8.4.0-8.4.7 and  9.0.0-9.5.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Server.  Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of MySQL Server. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 4.9 (Availability impacts).  CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).",
  "id": "GHSA-833x-x4qj-r9cv",
  "modified": "2026-01-21T00:31:42Z",
  "published": "2026-01-21T00:31:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-21941"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2026.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-2785"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-06-16T10:15:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Mattermost fails to properly truncate the postgres error log message of a search query failure allowing an attacker to cause the creation of\u00a0large log files\n\n",
  "id": "GHSA-8345-jr9c-vhph",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T04:54:32Z",
  "published": "2023-06-16T12:30:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-2785"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://mattermost.com/security-updates"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-59975"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-09T16:15:47Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability in the HTTP daemon (httpd) of Juniper Networks Junos Space allows an unauthenticated network-based attacker flooding the device with inbound API calls to consume all resources on the system, leading to a Denial of Service (DoS).\n\nAfter continuously flooding the system with inbound connection requests, all available file handles become consumed, blocking access to the system via SSH and the web user interface (WebUI), resulting in a management interface DoS. A manual reboot of the system is required to restore functionality.\n\nThis issue affects Junos Space: \n  *  all versions before 22.2R1 Patch V3, \n  *  from 23.1 before 23.1R1 Patch V3.",
  "id": "GHSA-834q-vmvq-2qjx",
  "modified": "2025-10-09T18:30:36Z",
  "published": "2025-10-09T18:30:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-59975"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://supportportal.juniper.net/JSA103172"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:Y/R:U/V:C/RE:M/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.8.3"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "soupsieve"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.8.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-49477"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1333",
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-09T13:37:46Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nThe CSS selector parser in soupsieve (the CSS selector engine for Beautiful Soup 4) contains a regular expression vulnerable to catastrophic backtracking. When processing an attribute selector with an unterminated quoted value, the `VALUE` regex pattern in `css_parser.py` enters exponential backtracking. A payload of only **300 bytes** causes the regex engine to hang for **over 3 seconds**, enabling a trivial Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) attack.\n\nTo be completely transparent, AI tools helped surface this issue. However, this was independently reproduced and carefully validated.\n\nAny application that passes untrusted CSS selector strings to `soupsieve.compile()` or Beautiful Soup\u0027s `.select()` / `.select_one()` is affected.\n\n### Details\n\n**Affected code:** `soupsieve/css_parser.py`, line ~121 - `RE_VALUES` / `VALUE` regex pattern\n\nThe soupsieve CSS parser uses a compiled regular expression to tokenise attribute selector values. This pattern matches both quoted strings (`\"value\"` or `\u0027value\u0027`) and unquoted identifiers. The regex contains alternation branches for:\n\n1. Double-quoted strings: `\"[^\"\\\\]*(?:\\\\.[^\"\\\\]*)*\"`\n2. Single-quoted strings: `\u0027[^\u0027\\\\]*(?:\\\\.[^\u0027\\\\]*)*\u0027`\n3. Unquoted identifiers\n\nWhen an attribute selector contains an **unterminated quoted value** - e.g., `[a=\"xxxx...` (opening `\"` but no closing `\"`) -\u201d the regex engine attempts to match the quoted-string branch. After that branch fails (no closing quote), the engine backtracks and attempts to match the remaining input against subsequent alternation branches and parent patterns. The structure of the pattern causes **catastrophic backtracking** where the number of backtracking steps grows exponentially with the length of the content between the opening quote and the end of the string.\n\n**Root cause:** The regex pattern does not anchor or guard against the case where a quoted string is never terminated. The overlapping character classes across alternation branches create exponential backtracking when the quoted-string branch fails on long input.\n\n**Key characteristics:**\n- **Input size:** Only 300 bytes are needed to trigger a \u003e3 second hang\n- **Amplification:** Each additional character approximately doubles the backtracking time\n- **No memory impact:** The attack consumes CPU only (regex backtracking is compute-bound)\n\n### Proof of Concept\n\n```python\nimport time\nimport soupsieve as sv\n\nPAYLOAD_LEN = 300\n\n# Control: well-formed selector with terminated quote (completes instantly)\nwell_formed = \u0027[a=\"\u0027 + (\u0027x\u0027 * PAYLOAD_LEN) + \u0027\"]\u0027\nstart = time.perf_counter()\ntry:\n    sv.compile(well_formed)\nexcept Exception:\n    pass\ncontrol_time = time.perf_counter() - start\nprint(f\"Well-formed selector ({len(well_formed)} bytes): {control_time:.4f}s\")\n\n# Exploit: unterminated quote triggers catastrophic regex backtracking\nmalformed = \u0027[a=\"\u0027 + (\u0027x\u0027 * PAYLOAD_LEN)\nstart = time.perf_counter()\ntry:\n    sv.compile(malformed)  # WARNING: This will hang for \u003e3 seconds\nexcept Exception:\n    pass\nexploit_time = time.perf_counter() - start\nprint(f\"Malformed selector ({len(malformed)} bytes): {exploit_time:.4f}s\")\n\nslowdown = exploit_time / max(control_time, 1e-9)\nprint(f\"Slowdown: {slowdown:.0f}x\")\n\n# Expected output:\n# Well-formed selector (306 bytes): ~0.001s\n# Malformed selector (304 bytes): \u003e3.0s (may need to be killed)\n# Slowdown: \u003e3000x\n#\n# NOTE: On some systems the malformed selector may hang indefinitely.\n# Use a timeout mechanism (signal.alarm, threading.Timer) when testing.\n```\n\n**Safe testing variant with timeout:**\n\n```python\nimport signal\nimport soupsieve as sv\n\ndef timeout_handler(signum, frame):\n    raise TimeoutError(\"ReDoS confirmed: regex backtracking exceeded timeout\")\n\nPAYLOAD_LEN = 300\nmalformed = \u0027[a=\"\u0027 + (\u0027x\u0027 * PAYLOAD_LEN)\n\nsignal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, timeout_handler)\nsignal.alarm(3)  # 3-second timeout\n\ntry:\n    sv.compile(malformed)\n    print(\"Selector compiled (not vulnerable)\")\nexcept TimeoutError as e:\n    print(f\"VULNERABLE: {e}\")\nexcept Exception as e:\n    print(f\"Other error: {e}\")\nfinally:\n    signal.alarm(0)  # Cancel the alarm\n```\n\n### Impact\n\n**Severity: High**\n\nAn attacker can cause CPU exhaustion on any server-side Python application that compiles user-supplied CSS selectors via soupsieve. The attack is particularly dangerous because:\n\n1. **Tiny payload:** Only 300 bytes are needed - well within typical URL parameter, form field, or API request limits\n2. **No special characters:** The payload consists entirely of printable ASCII characters (`[a=\"xxx...`)\n3. **Exponential scaling:** Each additional byte approximately doubles the backtracking time, making the attack easily tuneable\n4. **Thread blocking:** The regex engine blocks the calling thread with no opportunity for interruption (except via OS signals)\n\n| Parameter | Value |\n|---|---|\n| Input size | 300 bytes |\n| CPU time consumed | \u003e3 seconds (exponential with payload length) |\n| Memory consumed | Negligible (CPU-only attack) |\n| Authentication required | None |\n| User interaction required | None |\n\n**Deployment impact:** In threaded or async web applications, a single malicious request blocks a worker thread for the duration of the backtracking. An attacker can submit multiple concurrent requests to exhaust all available workers, causing complete service denial. The small payload size makes the attack easy to deliver and difficult to detect via request size limits.\n\n**Downstream exposure:** soupsieve is an automatic dependency of `beautifulsoup4`, one of the most widely installed Python packages. Any web application, API, or service that accepts CSS selectors from users is potentially affected.\n\n---\n\n### Credit\n\nThe vulnerability was discovered by a security research team from the University of Sydney, whose focus is detecting open source software vulnerabilities.\nLiyi Zhou: https://lzhou1110.github.io/\nZiyue Wang: https://zyy0530.github.io/\nStrick: https://str1ckl4nd.github.io/\nMaurice: https://maurice.busystar.org/\nChenchen Yu: https://7thparkk.github.io/",
  "id": "GHSA-836r-79rf-4m37",
  "modified": "2026-07-09T13:37:46Z",
  "published": "2026-07-09T13:37:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/facelessuser/soupsieve/security/advisories/GHSA-836r-79rf-4m37"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/facelessuser/soupsieve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Soup Sieve: Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) via Selector Parser"
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-1495"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1333",
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-06-12T23:15:49Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An issue has been discovered in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions starting from 13.1 prior to 16.10.7, starting from 16.11 prior to 16.11.4, and starting from 17.0 prior to 17.0.2. It was possible for an attacker to cause a denial of service using maliciously crafted file.",
  "id": "GHSA-8372-vr6c-f48r",
  "modified": "2024-06-13T00:31:23Z",
  "published": "2024-06-13T00:31:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-1495"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/2359528"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://about.gitlab.com/releases/2024/06/12/patch-release-gitlab-17-0-2-released/#redos-in-gomod-dependency-linker"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/441807"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}