Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-35

Allowed

Path Traversal: '.../...//'

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Incomplete

The product uses external input to construct a pathname that should be within a restricted directory, but it does not properly neutralize '.../...//' (doubled triple dot slash) sequences that can resolve to a location that is outside of that directory.

334 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-JRCJ-JFVH-Q4Q9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-07 15:31 – Updated: 2026-04-28 21:35
VLAI
Details

Path Traversal vulnerability in ilmosys Open Close WooCommerce Store allows PHP Local File Inclusion. This issue affects Open Close WooCommerce Store: from n/a through 4.9.5.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-47649"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-35"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-05-07T15:16:17Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Path Traversal vulnerability in ilmosys Open Close WooCommerce Store allows PHP Local File Inclusion. This issue affects Open Close WooCommerce Store: from n/a through 4.9.5.",
  "id": "GHSA-jrcj-jfvh-q4q9",
  "modified": "2026-04-28T21:35:36Z",
  "published": "2025-05-07T15:31:48Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-47649"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/woc-open-close/vulnerability/wordpress-open-close-woocommerce-store-4-9-5-local-file-inclusion-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-JW5R-WXX3-RM98

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-18 12:30 – Updated: 2025-08-28 00:30
VLAI
Details

A low privileged remote attacker can specify an arbitrary file on the filesystem which may lead to an arbitrary file writes with root privileges.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-41973"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-22",
      "CWE-35"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-18T10:15:06Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A low privileged remote attacker can\u00a0specify an arbitrary file on the filesystem which\u00a0may lead to an arbitrary file writes with root privileges.",
  "id": "GHSA-jw5r-wxx3-rm98",
  "modified": "2025-08-28T00:30:27Z",
  "published": "2024-11-18T12:30:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-41973"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert.vde.com/en/advisories/VDE-2024-047"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-JX4G-3XQM-62VH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-22 16:50 – Updated: 2025-05-27 17:07
VLAI
Summary
io.jmix.localfs:jmix-localfs has a Path Traversal in Local File Storage
Details

Impact

Attackers could manipulate the FileRef parameter to access files on the system where the Jmix application is deployed, provided the application server has the necessary permissions. This can be accomplished either by modifying the FileRef directly in the database or by supplying a harmful value in the fileRef parameter of the /files endpoint of the generic REST API.

Arbitrary file reading on the operating system where the Jmix process is running.

The severity of the vulnerability is mitigated by the fact that the application UI and the generic REST API are typically accessible only to authenticated users. Additionally, the /files endpoint in Jmix requires specific permissions and is disabled by default.

Workarounds

A workaround for those who are unable to upgrade: Fix Path Traversal in Jmix Application.

Credit

Cai, Qi Qi of Siemens China Cybersecurity Testing Center - Shadowless Lab

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "io.jmix.localfs:jmix-localfs"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.6.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "io.jmix.localfs:jmix-localfs"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.4.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-32950"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-22",
      "CWE-35"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-04-22T16:50:58Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-22T18:15:59Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\n\nAttackers could manipulate the `FileRef` parameter to access files on the system where the Jmix application is deployed, provided the application server has the necessary permissions. This can be accomplished either by modifying the `FileRef` directly in the database or by supplying a harmful value in the `fileRef` parameter of the `/files` endpoint of the generic REST API.\n\nArbitrary file reading on the operating system where the Jmix process is running.\n\nThe severity of the vulnerability is mitigated by the fact that the application UI and the generic REST API are typically accessible only to authenticated users. Additionally, the `/files` endpoint in Jmix requires specific permissions and is disabled by default.\n\n### Workarounds\nA workaround for those who are unable to upgrade: [Fix Path Traversal in Jmix Application](https://docs.jmix.io/jmix/files-vulnerabilities.html#fix-path-traversal-in-jmix-application).\n\n### Credit\nCai, Qi Qi of Siemens China Cybersecurity Testing Center - Shadowless Lab",
  "id": "GHSA-jx4g-3xqm-62vh",
  "modified": "2025-05-27T17:07:42Z",
  "published": "2025-04-22T16:50:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jmix-framework/jmix/security/advisories/GHSA-jx4g-3xqm-62vh"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-32950"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jmix-framework/jmix/issues/3804"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jmix-framework/jmix/issues/3836"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jmix-framework/jmix/commit/6a66aa3adb967159a30d703e80403406f4c8f7a2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jmix-framework/jmix/commit/c589ef4e2b25620770b8036f4ad05f1a6250cb6a"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jmix-framework/jmix/commit/cc97e6ff974b9e7af8160fab39cc5866169daa37"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jmix-framework/jmix/commit/f4e6fb05bd245cf36f3e9319aaa0fcd540d024aa"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.jmix.io/jmix/files-vulnerabilities.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.jmix.io/jmix/files-vulnerabilities.html#fix-path-traversal-in-jmix-application"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/jmix-framework/jmix"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "io.jmix.localfs:jmix-localfs has a Path Traversal in Local File Storage"
}

GHSA-M3FG-4M85-W9F7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-10 00:30 – Updated: 2025-08-12 15:31
VLAI
Details

CyberData 011209 Intercom

could allow an authenticated attacker to upload arbitrary files to multiple locations within the system.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-30515"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-35"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-06-09T23:15:22Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "CyberData\u00a0011209 Intercom\n \ncould allow an authenticated attacker to upload arbitrary files to multiple locations within the system.",
  "id": "GHSA-m3fg-4m85-w9f7",
  "modified": "2025-08-12T15:31:14Z",
  "published": "2025-06-10T00:30:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30515"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-25-155-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M5JC-R4GF-C6P8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-18 18:25 – Updated: 2023-11-02 17:34
VLAI
Summary
Arduino Create Agent path traversal - arbitrary file deletion vulnerability
Details

Impact

The vulnerability affects the endpoint /v2/pkgs/tools/installed and the way it handles plugin names supplied as user input. A user who has the ability to perform HTTP requests to the localhost interface, or is able to bypass the CORS configuration, can delete arbitrary files or folders belonging to the user that runs the Arduino Create Agent via a crafted HTTP POST request. Further details are available in the references.

Fixed Version

  • 1.3.3

References

The issue was reported by Nozomi Networks Labs. Further details on the issue are available at the following URL: * https://www.nozominetworks.com/blog/security-flaws-affect-a-component-of-the-arduino-create-cloud-ide

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/arduino/arduino-create-agent"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.3.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-43803"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-22",
      "CWE-35"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-10-18T18:25:34Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-10-18T21:15:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\nThe vulnerability affects the endpoint `/v2/pkgs/tools/installed` and the way it handles plugin names supplied as user input.\nA user who has the ability to perform HTTP requests to the localhost interface, or is able to bypass the CORS configuration, can delete arbitrary files or folders belonging to the user that runs the Arduino Create Agent via a crafted HTTP POST request.\nFurther details are available in the references.\n\n### Fixed Version\n* `1.3.3`\n\n### References\nThe issue was reported by Nozomi Networks Labs. Further details on the issue are available at the following URL:\n* https://www.nozominetworks.com/blog/security-flaws-affect-a-component-of-the-arduino-create-cloud-ide\n",
  "id": "GHSA-m5jc-r4gf-c6p8",
  "modified": "2023-11-02T17:34:40Z",
  "published": "2023-10-18T18:25:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/arduino/arduino-create-agent/security/advisories/GHSA-m5jc-r4gf-c6p8"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-43803"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/arduino/arduino-create-agent"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/arduino/arduino-create-agent/releases/tag/1.3.3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/11/msg00005.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.nozominetworks.com/blog/security-flaws-affect-a-component-of-the-arduino-create-cloud-ide"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Arduino Create Agent path traversal - arbitrary file deletion vulnerability"
}

GHSA-M782-4WCX-2MG3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:39 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:39
VLAI
Details

Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco Unified Communications Manager IM & Presence Service (Unified CM IM&P) could allow an attacker to conduct path traversal attacks and SQL injection attacks on an affected system. One of the SQL injection vulnerabilities that affects Unified CM IM&P also affects Cisco Unified Communications Manager (Unified CM) and Cisco Unified Communications Manager Session Management Edition (Unified CM SME) and could allow an attacker to conduct SQL injection attacks on an affected system. For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details section of this advisory.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-1364"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-35",
      "CWE-89"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-01-20T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco Unified Communications Manager IM \u0026amp; Presence Service (Unified CM IM\u0026amp;P) could allow an attacker to conduct path traversal attacks and SQL injection attacks on an affected system. One of the SQL injection vulnerabilities that affects Unified CM IM\u0026amp;P also affects Cisco Unified Communications Manager (Unified CM) and Cisco Unified Communications Manager Session Management Edition (Unified CM SME) and could allow an attacker to conduct SQL injection attacks on an affected system.\n For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details section of this advisory.\n ",
  "id": "GHSA-m782-4wcx-2mg3",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:39:42Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:39:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1364"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-imp-trav-inj-dM687ZD6"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-M7RF-RFHP-H3M3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-19 21:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:35
VLAI
Details

Path Traversal: '.../...//' vulnerability in ctltwp Section Widget allows Path Traversal.This issue affects Section Widget: from n/a through 3.3.1.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-46441"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-35"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-05-19T20:15:25Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Path Traversal: \u0027.../...//\u0027 vulnerability in ctltwp Section Widget allows Path Traversal.This issue affects Section Widget: from n/a through 3.3.1.",
  "id": "GHSA-m7rf-rfhp-h3m3",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:35:13Z",
  "published": "2025-05-19T21:30:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-46441"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/section-widget/vulnerability/wordpress-section-widget-plugin-3-2-5-path-traversal-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MF7C-82JR-GFH2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-31 12:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:32
VLAI
Details

Path Traversal: '.../...//' vulnerability in Themewinter Eventin allows Path Traversal.This issue affects Eventin: from n/a through 4.0.7.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-56213"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-22",
      "CWE-35"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-12-31T10:15:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Path Traversal: \u0027.../...//\u0027 vulnerability in Themewinter Eventin allows Path Traversal.This issue affects Eventin: from n/a through 4.0.7.",
  "id": "GHSA-mf7c-82jr-gfh2",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:32:53Z",
  "published": "2024-12-31T12:30:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-56213"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/wp-event-solution/vulnerability/wordpress-eventin-plugin-4-0-7-contributor-limited-local-file-inclusion-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MJQ6-PV9C-QPPQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-18 17:34 – Updated: 2023-11-02 17:34
VLAI
Summary
Arduino Create Agent path traversal - arbitrary file deletion vulnerability
Details

Impact

The vulnerability affects the endpoint /v2/pkgs/tools/installed and the way it handles plugin names supplied as user input. A user who has the ability to perform HTTP requests to the localhost interface, or is able to bypass the CORS configuration, can delete arbitrary files or folders belonging to the user that runs the Arduino Create Agent via a crafted HTTP DELETE request. Further details are available in the references.

Fixed Version

  • 1.3.3

References

The issue was reported by Nozomi Networks Labs. Further details on the issue are available at the following URL: * https://www.nozominetworks.com/blog/security-flaws-affect-a-component-of-the-arduino-create-cloud-ide

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/arduino/arduino-create-agent"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.3.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-43801"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-22",
      "CWE-35"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-10-18T17:34:46Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-10-18T22:15:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\nThe vulnerability affects the endpoint `/v2/pkgs/tools/installed` and the way it handles plugin names supplied as user input.\nA user who has the ability to perform HTTP requests to the localhost interface, or is able to bypass the CORS configuration, can delete arbitrary files or folders belonging to the user that runs the Arduino Create Agent via a crafted HTTP DELETE request.\nFurther details are available in the references.\n\n### Fixed Version\n* `1.3.3`\n\n### References\nThe issue was reported by Nozomi Networks Labs. Further details on the issue are available at the following URL:\n* https://www.nozominetworks.com/blog/security-flaws-affect-a-component-of-the-arduino-create-cloud-ide\n",
  "id": "GHSA-mjq6-pv9c-qppq",
  "modified": "2023-11-02T17:34:21Z",
  "published": "2023-10-18T17:34:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/arduino/arduino-create-agent/security/advisories/GHSA-mjq6-pv9c-qppq"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-43801"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/arduino/arduino-create-agent"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/arduino/arduino-create-agent/releases/tag/1.3.3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.nozominetworks.com/blog/security-flaws-affect-a-component-of-the-arduino-create-cloud-ide"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Arduino Create Agent path traversal - arbitrary file deletion vulnerability"
}

GHSA-MP3Q-25XJ-WC4X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-17 18:35 – Updated: 2026-06-17 18:35
VLAI
Details

Unauthenticated Local File Inclusion in Kastell <= 2.0 versions.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-52707"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-35"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-17T14:17:57Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Unauthenticated Local File Inclusion in Kastell \u003c= 2.0 versions.",
  "id": "GHSA-mp3q-25xj-wc4x",
  "modified": "2026-06-17T18:35:55Z",
  "published": "2026-06-17T18:35:55Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-52707"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/theme/kastell/vulnerability/wordpress-kastell-theme-2-0-local-file-inclusion-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-5.1
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • When validating filenames, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set to be used. If feasible, only allow a single "." character in the filename to avoid weaknesses such as CWE-23, and exclude directory separators such as "/" to avoid CWE-36. Use a list of allowable file extensions, which will help to avoid CWE-434.
  • Do not rely exclusively on a filtering mechanism that removes potentially dangerous characters. This is equivalent to a denylist, which may be incomplete (CWE-184). For example, filtering "/" is insufficient protection if the filesystem also supports the use of "\" as a directory separator. Another possible error could occur when the filtering is applied in a way that still produces dangerous data (CWE-182). For example, the ".../...//" manipulation is useful for bypassing some path traversal protection schemes. If "../" sequences are removed from the ".../...//" string in a sequential fashion (as some regular expression engines and other algorithms operate) the string can collapse into the unsafe "../" value (CWE-182). Removing the first "../" yields "....//" and the second removal yields "../".
Mitigation MIT-20
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.