CWE-352
AllowedCross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
Abstraction: Compound · Status: Stable
The web application does not, or cannot, sufficiently verify whether a request was intentionally provided by the user who sent the request, which could have originated from an unauthorized actor.
14346 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-C264-8834-PPJ2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:19 – Updated: 2022-12-20 22:15Swarm Plugin adds API endpoints to add or remove agent labels. In Swarm Plugin 3.20 and earlier these only require a global Swarm secret to use, and no regular permission check is performed. This allows users with Agent/Create permission to add or remove labels of any agent.
Additionally, these API endpoints do not require POST requests, resulting in a cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability.
Swarm Plugin 3.21 requires POST requests and Agent/Configure permission for the affected agent to these endpoints. It no longer uses the global Swarm secret for these API endpoints.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.jenkins-ci.plugins:swarm"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.21"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-2192"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-12-20T22:15:47Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2020-06-03T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Swarm Plugin adds API endpoints to add or remove agent labels. In Swarm Plugin 3.20 and earlier these only require a global Swarm secret to use, and no regular permission check is performed. This allows users with Agent/Create permission to add or remove labels of any agent.\n\nAdditionally, these API endpoints do not require POST requests, resulting in a cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability.\n\nSwarm Plugin 3.21 requires POST requests and Agent/Configure permission for the affected agent to these endpoints. It no longer uses the global Swarm secret for these API endpoints.",
"id": "GHSA-c264-8834-ppj2",
"modified": "2022-12-20T22:15:47Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:19:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-2192"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/swarm-plugin/commit/4d18f98b00e4c84b152d52346fb9ef1a227b1cf7"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/swarm-plugin"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jenkins.io/security/advisory/2020-06-03/#SECURITY-1200"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2020/06/03/3"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "CSRF vulnerability in Jenkins Swarm Plugin"
}
GHSA-C272-WPRF-QV3V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-27 18:30 – Updated: 2023-03-31 18:30The Preview Link Generator WordPress plugin before 1.0.4 does not have CSRF check when activating plugins, which could allow attackers to make logged in admins activate arbitrary plugins present on the blog via a CSRF attack
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-1086"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-03-27T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Preview Link Generator WordPress plugin before 1.0.4 does not have CSRF check when activating plugins, which could allow attackers to make logged in admins activate arbitrary plugins present on the blog via a CSRF attack",
"id": "GHSA-c272-wprf-qv3v",
"modified": "2023-03-31T18:30:23Z",
"published": "2023-03-27T18:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-1086"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/e2bda716-76dc-4a26-b26a-7a2a764757b0"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C296-66XH-547Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-09 18:31 – Updated: 2025-09-09 18:31CSRF in Ivanti Connect Secure before 22.7R2.9 or 22.8R2, Ivanti Policy Secure before 22.7R1.6, Ivanti ZTA Gateway before 2.8R2.3-723 and Ivanti Neurons for Secure Access before 22.8R1.4 (Fix deployed on 02-Aug-2025) allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to execute limited actions on behalf of the victim user. User interaction is required.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-8711"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-09T16:15:35Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "CSRF in Ivanti Connect Secure before 22.7R2.9 or 22.8R2, Ivanti Policy Secure before 22.7R1.6, Ivanti ZTA Gateway before 2.8R2.3-723 and Ivanti Neurons for Secure Access before 22.8R1.4 (Fix deployed on 02-Aug-2025) allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to execute limited actions on behalf of the victim user. User interaction is required.",
"id": "GHSA-c296-66xh-547q",
"modified": "2025-09-09T18:31:18Z",
"published": "2025-09-09T18:31:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-8711"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://forums.ivanti.com/s/article/September-Security-Advisory-Ivanti-Connect-Secure-Policy-Secure-ZTA-Gateways-and-Neurons-for-Secure-Access-Multiple-CVEs?language=en_US"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C2F9-WJ95-7CJ4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-10 15:30 – Updated: 2025-08-10 15:30A vulnerability was found in atjiu pybbs up to 6.0.0 and classified as problematic. This issue affects the function setCookie of the file src/main/java/co/yiiu/pybbs/util/CookieUtil.java. The manipulation leads to cross-site request forgery. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The patch is named 8aa2bb1aef3346e49aec6358edf5e47ce905ae7b. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-8814"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-10T15:15:26Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in atjiu pybbs up to 6.0.0 and classified as problematic. This issue affects the function setCookie of the file src/main/java/co/yiiu/pybbs/util/CookieUtil.java. The manipulation leads to cross-site request forgery. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The patch is named 8aa2bb1aef3346e49aec6358edf5e47ce905ae7b. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue.",
"id": "GHSA-c2f9-wj95-7cj4",
"modified": "2025-08-10T15:30:23Z",
"published": "2025-08-10T15:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-8814"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/atjiu/pybbs/issues/211"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/atjiu/pybbs/issues/211#issue-3256483043"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/atjiu/pybbs/issues/211#issuecomment-3134960777"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/atjiu/pybbs/commit/8aa2bb1aef3346e49aec6358edf5e47ce905ae7b"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.319343"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.319343"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.622334"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.622353"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-C2FQ-45HQ-VJPG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-22 12:31 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:34Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in codepeople Appointment Booking Calendar allows SQL Injection. This issue affects Appointment Booking Calendar: from n/a through 1.3.92.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-46241"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-22T10:15:17Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in codepeople Appointment Booking Calendar allows SQL Injection. This issue affects Appointment Booking Calendar: from n/a through 1.3.92.",
"id": "GHSA-c2fq-45hq-vjpg",
"modified": "2026-04-01T18:34:54Z",
"published": "2025-04-22T12:31:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-46241"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/appointment-booking-calendar/vulnerability/wordpress-appointment-booking-calendar-plugin-1-3-92-csrf-to-sql-injection-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C2FX-J5W7-F4JH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:11 – Updated: 2022-09-03 00:00CSRF in admin/edit-article.php in Chadha PHPKB Standard Multi-Language 9 allows attackers to edit an article, given the id, via a crafted request.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-10496"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-03-12T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "CSRF in admin/edit-article.php in Chadha PHPKB Standard Multi-Language 9 allows attackers to edit an article, given the id, via a crafted request.",
"id": "GHSA-c2fx-j5w7-f4jh",
"modified": "2022-09-03T00:00:20Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:11:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-10496"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://antoniocannito.it/phpkb3#cross-site-request-forgery-when-editing-an-article-cve-2020-10496"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://antoniocannito.it/?p=343#csrf19"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C2GF-H728-J378
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-10 00:30 – Updated: 2023-01-13 09:30The Mautic Integration for WooCommerce WordPress plugin before 1.0.3 does not have proper CSRF check when updating settings, and does not ensure that the options to be updated belong to the plugin, allowing attackers to make a logged in admin change arbitrary blog options via a CSRF attack.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-4426"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-09T23:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Mautic Integration for WooCommerce WordPress plugin before 1.0.3 does not have proper CSRF check when updating settings, and does not ensure that the options to be updated belong to the plugin, allowing attackers to make a logged in admin change arbitrary blog options via a CSRF attack.",
"id": "GHSA-c2gf-h728-j378",
"modified": "2023-01-13T09:30:27Z",
"published": "2023-01-10T00:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-4426"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/7d3d6b9c-d1c1-4e23-b891-7c72e4e89c38"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C2HG-2JJ6-H8VH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:25 – Updated: 2022-12-20 21:29Pipeline Maven Integration Plugin 3.8.2 and earlier does not perform a permission check in a method implementing form validation.
This allows users with Overall/Read access to Jenkins to connect to an attacker-specified JDBC URL using attacker-specified credentials IDs obtained through another method, potentially capturing credentials stored in Jenkins.
Additionally, this form validation method does not require POST requests, resulting in a cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability.
Pipeline Maven Integration Plugin 3.8.3 requires POST requests and Job/Configure permission for the affected form validation method.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.jenkins-ci.plugins:pipeline-maven"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.8.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-2235"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-12-20T21:29:22Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2020-08-12T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Pipeline Maven Integration Plugin 3.8.2 and earlier does not perform a permission check in a method implementing form validation.\n\nThis allows users with Overall/Read access to Jenkins to connect to an attacker-specified JDBC URL using attacker-specified credentials IDs obtained through another method, potentially capturing credentials stored in Jenkins.\n\nAdditionally, this form validation method does not require POST requests, resulting in a cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability.\n\nPipeline Maven Integration Plugin 3.8.3 requires POST requests and Job/Configure permission for the affected form validation method.",
"id": "GHSA-c2hg-2jj6-h8vh",
"modified": "2022-12-20T21:29:22Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:25:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-2235"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/pipeline-maven-plugin"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jenkins.io/security/advisory/2020-08-12/#SECURITY-1794%20(2)"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2020/08/12/4"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "CSRF vulnerability in Jenkins Pipeline Maven Integration Plugin allow capturing credentials"
}
GHSA-C2J4-9XJ5-Q5RR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:03 – Updated: 2022-05-17 04:03Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the Web Console (web-console) in Red Hat Enterprise Application Platform before 6.4.4 and WildFly (formerly JBoss Application Server) before 2.0.0.CR9 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that make arbitrary changes to an instance via vectors involving a file upload using a multipart/form-data submission.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-5188"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2015-10-27T16:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the Web Console (web-console) in Red Hat Enterprise Application Platform before 6.4.4 and WildFly (formerly JBoss Application Server) before 2.0.0.CR9 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that make arbitrary changes to an instance via vectors involving a file upload using a multipart/form-data submission.",
"id": "GHSA-c2j4-9xj5-q5rr",
"modified": "2022-05-17T04:03:58Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T04:03:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-5188"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015:1904"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015:1905"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015:1906"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015:1907"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2015-5188"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1252885"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.jboss.org/browse/WFCORE-594"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015-1904.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015-1905.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015-1906.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015-1907.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015-1908.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1033859"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-C2J8-9924-MR82
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-31 15:30 – Updated: 2026-04-28 21:33Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Cozmoslabs Profile Builder Pro.This issue affects Profile Builder Pro: from n/a through 3.10.0.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-22140"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-01-31T14:15:49Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Cozmoslabs Profile Builder Pro.This issue affects Profile Builder Pro: from n/a through 3.10.0.",
"id": "GHSA-c2j8-9924-mr82",
"modified": "2026-04-28T21:33:52Z",
"published": "2024-01-31T15:30:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-22140"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/profile-builder-pro/wordpress-profile-builder-pro-plugin-3-10-0-csrf-leading-to-account-takeover-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-4
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
- For example, use anti-CSRF packages such as the OWASP CSRFGuard. [REF-330]
- Another example is the ESAPI Session Management control, which includes a component for CSRF. [REF-45]
Mitigation
Ensure that the application is free of cross-site scripting issues (CWE-79), because most CSRF defenses can be bypassed using attacker-controlled script.
Mitigation
Generate a unique nonce for each form, place the nonce into the form, and verify the nonce upon receipt of the form. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330). [REF-332]
Mitigation
Identify especially dangerous operations. When the user performs a dangerous operation, send a separate confirmation request to ensure that the user intended to perform that operation.
Mitigation
- Use the "double-submitted cookie" method as described by Felten and Zeller:
- When a user visits a site, the site should generate a pseudorandom value and set it as a cookie on the user's machine. The site should require every form submission to include this value as a form value and also as a cookie value. When a POST request is sent to the site, the request should only be considered valid if the form value and the cookie value are the same.
- Because of the same-origin policy, an attacker cannot read or modify the value stored in the cookie. To successfully submit a form on behalf of the user, the attacker would have to correctly guess the pseudorandom value. If the pseudorandom value is cryptographically strong, this will be prohibitively difficult.
- This technique requires Javascript, so it may not work for browsers that have Javascript disabled. [REF-331]
Mitigation
Do not use the GET method for any request that triggers a state change.
Mitigation
Check the HTTP Referer header to see if the request originated from an expected page. This could break legitimate functionality, because users or proxies may have disabled sending the Referer for privacy reasons.
CAPEC-111: JSON Hijacking (aka JavaScript Hijacking)
An attacker targets a system that uses JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) as a transport mechanism between the client and the server (common in Web 2.0 systems using AJAX) to steal possibly confidential information transmitted from the server back to the client inside the JSON object by taking advantage of the loophole in the browser's Same Origin Policy that does not prohibit JavaScript from one website to be included and executed in the context of another website.
CAPEC-462: Cross-Domain Search Timing
An attacker initiates cross domain HTTP / GET requests and times the server responses. The timing of these responses may leak important information on what is happening on the server. Browser's same origin policy prevents the attacker from directly reading the server responses (in the absence of any other weaknesses), but does not prevent the attacker from timing the responses to requests that the attacker issued cross domain.
CAPEC-467: Cross Site Identification
An attacker harvests identifying information about a victim via an active session that the victim's browser has with a social networking site. A victim may have the social networking site open in one tab or perhaps is simply using the "remember me" feature to keep their session with the social networking site active. An attacker induces a payload to execute in the victim's browser that transparently to the victim initiates a request to the social networking site (e.g., via available social network site APIs) to retrieve identifying information about a victim. While some of this information may be public, the attacker is able to harvest this information in context and may use it for further attacks on the user (e.g., spear phishing).
CAPEC-62: Cross Site Request Forgery
An attacker crafts malicious web links and distributes them (via web pages, email, etc.), typically in a targeted manner, hoping to induce users to click on the link and execute the malicious action against some third-party application. If successful, the action embedded in the malicious link will be processed and accepted by the targeted application with the users' privilege level. This type of attack leverages the persistence and implicit trust placed in user session cookies by many web applications today. In such an architecture, once the user authenticates to an application and a session cookie is created on the user's system, all following transactions for that session are authenticated using that cookie including potential actions initiated by an attacker and simply "riding" the existing session cookie.