CWE-352
AllowedCross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
Abstraction: Compound · Status: Stable
The web application does not, or cannot, sufficiently verify whether a request was intentionally provided by the user who sent the request, which could have originated from an unauthorized actor.
14229 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-PM3J-2JRW-2GMQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:06 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:06Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Trend Micro ServerProtect for Linux 3.0 before CP 1531 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of users for requests to start an update from an arbitrary source via a crafted request to SProtectLinux/scanoption_set.cgi, related to the lack of anti-CSRF tokens.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-9033"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-05-26T01:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Trend Micro ServerProtect for Linux 3.0 before CP 1531 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of users for requests to start an update from an arbitrary source via a crafted request to SProtectLinux/scanoption_set.cgi, related to the lack of anti-CSRF tokens.",
"id": "GHSA-pm3j-2jrw-2gmq",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:06:13Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:06:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-9033"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://success.trendmicro.com/solution/1117411"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.coresecurity.com/advisories/trend-micro-serverprotect-multiple-vulnerabilities"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/142645/Trend-Micro-ServerProtect-Disclosure-CSRF-XSS.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2017/May/91"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1038548"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PM3P-VW5F-JPJ5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-13 00:00 – Updated: 2022-04-20 00:00A vulnerability has been identified in SCALANCE X302-7 EEC (230V), SCALANCE X302-7 EEC (230V, coated), SCALANCE X302-7 EEC (24V), SCALANCE X302-7 EEC (24V, coated), SCALANCE X302-7 EEC (2x 230V), SCALANCE X302-7 EEC (2x 230V, coated), SCALANCE X302-7 EEC (2x 24V), SCALANCE X302-7 EEC (2x 24V, coated), SCALANCE X304-2FE, SCALANCE X306-1LD FE, SCALANCE X307-2 EEC (230V), SCALANCE X307-2 EEC (230V, coated), SCALANCE X307-2 EEC (24V), SCALANCE X307-2 EEC (24V, coated), SCALANCE X307-2 EEC (2x 230V), SCALANCE X307-2 EEC (2x 230V, coated), SCALANCE X307-2 EEC (2x 24V), SCALANCE X307-2 EEC (2x 24V, coated), SCALANCE X307-3, SCALANCE X307-3, SCALANCE X307-3LD, SCALANCE X307-3LD, SCALANCE X308-2, SCALANCE X308-2, SCALANCE X308-2LD, SCALANCE X308-2LD, SCALANCE X308-2LH, SCALANCE X308-2LH, SCALANCE X308-2LH+, SCALANCE X308-2LH+, SCALANCE X308-2M, SCALANCE X308-2M, SCALANCE X308-2M PoE, SCALANCE X308-2M PoE, SCALANCE X308-2M TS, SCALANCE X308-2M TS, SCALANCE X310, SCALANCE X310, SCALANCE X310FE, SCALANCE X310FE, SCALANCE X320-1 FE, SCALANCE X320-1-2LD FE, SCALANCE X408-2, SCALANCE XR324-12M (230V, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-12M (230V, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-12M (230V, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-12M (230V, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-12M (24V, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-12M (24V, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-12M (24V, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-12M (24V, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-12M TS (24V), SCALANCE XR324-12M TS (24V), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (100-240VAC/60-250VDC, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (100-240VAC/60-250VDC, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (100-240VAC/60-250VDC, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (100-240VAC/60-250VDC, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (24V, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (24V, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (24V, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (24V, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (2x 100-240VAC/60-250VDC, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (2x 100-240VAC/60-250VDC, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (2x 100-240VAC/60-250VDC, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (2x 100-240VAC/60-250VDC, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (2x 24V, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (2x 24V, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (2x 24V, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (2x 24V, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-4M PoE (230V, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-4M PoE (230V, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-4M PoE (24V, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-4M PoE (24V, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-4M PoE TS (24V, ports on front), SIPLUS NET SCALANCE X308-2. The integrated web server of the affected device could allow remote attackers to perform actions with the permissions of a victim user, provided the victim user has an active session and is induced to trigger the malicious request.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-25754"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-04-12T09:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in SCALANCE X302-7 EEC (230V), SCALANCE X302-7 EEC (230V, coated), SCALANCE X302-7 EEC (24V), SCALANCE X302-7 EEC (24V, coated), SCALANCE X302-7 EEC (2x 230V), SCALANCE X302-7 EEC (2x 230V, coated), SCALANCE X302-7 EEC (2x 24V), SCALANCE X302-7 EEC (2x 24V, coated), SCALANCE X304-2FE, SCALANCE X306-1LD FE, SCALANCE X307-2 EEC (230V), SCALANCE X307-2 EEC (230V, coated), SCALANCE X307-2 EEC (24V), SCALANCE X307-2 EEC (24V, coated), SCALANCE X307-2 EEC (2x 230V), SCALANCE X307-2 EEC (2x 230V, coated), SCALANCE X307-2 EEC (2x 24V), SCALANCE X307-2 EEC (2x 24V, coated), SCALANCE X307-3, SCALANCE X307-3, SCALANCE X307-3LD, SCALANCE X307-3LD, SCALANCE X308-2, SCALANCE X308-2, SCALANCE X308-2LD, SCALANCE X308-2LD, SCALANCE X308-2LH, SCALANCE X308-2LH, SCALANCE X308-2LH+, SCALANCE X308-2LH+, SCALANCE X308-2M, SCALANCE X308-2M, SCALANCE X308-2M PoE, SCALANCE X308-2M PoE, SCALANCE X308-2M TS, SCALANCE X308-2M TS, SCALANCE X310, SCALANCE X310, SCALANCE X310FE, SCALANCE X310FE, SCALANCE X320-1 FE, SCALANCE X320-1-2LD FE, SCALANCE X408-2, SCALANCE XR324-12M (230V, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-12M (230V, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-12M (230V, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-12M (230V, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-12M (24V, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-12M (24V, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-12M (24V, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-12M (24V, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-12M TS (24V), SCALANCE XR324-12M TS (24V), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (100-240VAC/60-250VDC, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (100-240VAC/60-250VDC, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (100-240VAC/60-250VDC, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (100-240VAC/60-250VDC, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (24V, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (24V, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (24V, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (24V, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (2x 100-240VAC/60-250VDC, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (2x 100-240VAC/60-250VDC, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (2x 100-240VAC/60-250VDC, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (2x 100-240VAC/60-250VDC, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (2x 24V, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (2x 24V, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (2x 24V, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (2x 24V, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-4M PoE (230V, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-4M PoE (230V, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-4M PoE (24V, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-4M PoE (24V, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-4M PoE TS (24V, ports on front), SIPLUS NET SCALANCE X308-2. The integrated web server of the affected device could allow remote attackers to perform actions with the permissions of a victim user, provided the victim user has an active session and is induced to trigger the malicious request.",
"id": "GHSA-pm3p-vw5f-jpj5",
"modified": "2022-04-20T00:00:52Z",
"published": "2022-04-13T00:00:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-25754"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-836527.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PM45-F469-V48P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:04 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:04An issue was discovered in SeaCMS 6.61. There is a CSRF vulnerability that can add an admin account via adm1n/admin_manager.php?action=save&id=2.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-13444"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-07-08T16:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in SeaCMS 6.61. There is a CSRF vulnerability that can add an admin account via adm1n/admin_manager.php?action=save\u0026id=2.",
"id": "GHSA-pm45-f469-v48p",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:04:21Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:04:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-13444"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/MichaelWayneLIU/seacms/blob/master/seacms1.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PM47-X34M-3QM3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-31 06:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:18The Waiting: One-click countdowns plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in versions up to, and including, 0.6.2. This is due to missing or incorrect nonce validation on its AJAX actions. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to create and delete countdowns, via forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-4000"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-08-31T06:15:10Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Waiting: One-click countdowns plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in versions up to, and including, 0.6.2. This is due to missing or incorrect nonce validation on its AJAX actions. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to create and delete countdowns, via forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link.",
"id": "GHSA-pm47-x34m-3qm3",
"modified": "2024-04-04T07:18:44Z",
"published": "2023-08-31T06:30:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-4000"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/waiting/trunk/waiting.php?rev=2826039"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/7ffba592-6d0d-408f-89fa-079066750b0a?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PM4J-W673-3P6X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-06 06:31 – Updated: 2025-02-06 15:32The LikeBot WordPress plugin through 0.85 does not have CSRF check in some places, and is missing sanitisation as well as escaping, which could allow attackers to make logged in admin add Stored XSS payloads via a CSRF attack.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-0522"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352",
"CWE-79"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-06T06:15:30Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The LikeBot WordPress plugin through 0.85 does not have CSRF check in some places, and is missing sanitisation as well as escaping, which could allow attackers to make logged in admin add Stored XSS payloads via a CSRF attack.",
"id": "GHSA-pm4j-w673-3p6x",
"modified": "2025-02-06T15:32:52Z",
"published": "2025-02-06T06:31:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-0522"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/4c2eed5a-f4d8-457d-a403-7eaced36c491"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PM58-GQF2-554P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-22 21:30 – Updated: 2026-04-28 21:35Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in themespride Advanced Appointment Booking & Scheduling allows Cross Site Request Forgery. This issue affects Advanced Appointment Booking & Scheduling: from n/a through 1.9.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-57978"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-22T19:15:57Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in themespride Advanced Appointment Booking \u0026amp; Scheduling allows Cross Site Request Forgery. This issue affects Advanced Appointment Booking \u0026amp; Scheduling: from n/a through 1.9.",
"id": "GHSA-pm58-gqf2-554p",
"modified": "2026-04-28T21:35:49Z",
"published": "2025-09-22T21:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-57978"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/advanced-appointment-booking-scheduling/vulnerability/wordpress-advanced-appointment-booking-scheduling-plugin-1-9-cross-site-request-forgery-csrf-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PM8G-G665-8R7Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-05 12:00 – Updated: 2022-11-07 19:00HCL XPages applications are susceptible to a Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker could exploit this vulnerability to perform actions in the application on behalf of the logged in user.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-38660"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-11-04T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "HCL XPages applications are susceptible to a Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker could exploit this vulnerability to perform actions in the application on behalf of the logged in user.",
"id": "GHSA-pm8g-g665-8r7q",
"modified": "2022-11-07T19:00:17Z",
"published": "2022-11-05T12:00:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-38660"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.hcltechsw.com/csm?id=kb_article\u0026sysparm_article=KB0101037"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PMC3-WRV7-HVX7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-15 15:30 – Updated: 2023-12-15 15:30In JetBrains TeamCity before 2023.11.1 a CSRF on login was possible
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-50870"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-12-15T14:15:15Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In JetBrains TeamCity before 2023.11.1 a CSRF on login was possible",
"id": "GHSA-pmc3-wrv7-hvx7",
"modified": "2023-12-15T15:30:28Z",
"published": "2023-12-15T15:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-50870"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.jetbrains.com/privacy-security/issues-fixed"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PMCV-JJQH-3G6V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:21 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:21Affected versions of Atlassian Jira Server and Data Center allow remote attackers to modify Wallboard settings via a Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability. The affected versions are before version 7.13.9, and from version 8.0.0 before 8.4.2.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-20411"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-06-29T06:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Affected versions of Atlassian Jira Server and Data Center allow remote attackers to modify Wallboard settings via a Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability. The affected versions are before version 7.13.9, and from version 8.0.0 before 8.4.2.",
"id": "GHSA-pmcv-jjqh-3g6v",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:21:58Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:21:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-20411"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jira.atlassian.com/browse/JRASERVER-70881"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PMFH-PXQG-PGF4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 22:28 – Updated: 2022-05-24 22:28Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in WordPress Media File Renamer – Auto & Manual Rename plugin (versions <= 5.1.9). Affected parameters "post_title", "filename", "lock". This allows changing the uploaded media title, media file name, and media locking state.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-36850"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-10-04T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in WordPress Media File Renamer \u2013 Auto \u0026 Manual Rename plugin (versions \u003c= 5.1.9). Affected parameters \"post_title\", \"filename\", \"lock\". This allows changing the uploaded media title, media file name, and media locking state.",
"id": "GHSA-pmfh-pxqg-pgf4",
"modified": "2022-05-24T22:28:51Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T22:28:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-36850"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/media-file-renamer/wordpress-media-file-renamer-plugin-5-1-9-multiple-cross-site-request-forgery-csrf-vulnerabilities"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wordpress.org/plugins/media-file-renamer/#developers"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation MIT-4
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
- For example, use anti-CSRF packages such as the OWASP CSRFGuard. [REF-330]
- Another example is the ESAPI Session Management control, which includes a component for CSRF. [REF-45]
Mitigation
Ensure that the application is free of cross-site scripting issues (CWE-79), because most CSRF defenses can be bypassed using attacker-controlled script.
Mitigation
Generate a unique nonce for each form, place the nonce into the form, and verify the nonce upon receipt of the form. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330). [REF-332]
Mitigation
Identify especially dangerous operations. When the user performs a dangerous operation, send a separate confirmation request to ensure that the user intended to perform that operation.
Mitigation
- Use the "double-submitted cookie" method as described by Felten and Zeller:
- When a user visits a site, the site should generate a pseudorandom value and set it as a cookie on the user's machine. The site should require every form submission to include this value as a form value and also as a cookie value. When a POST request is sent to the site, the request should only be considered valid if the form value and the cookie value are the same.
- Because of the same-origin policy, an attacker cannot read or modify the value stored in the cookie. To successfully submit a form on behalf of the user, the attacker would have to correctly guess the pseudorandom value. If the pseudorandom value is cryptographically strong, this will be prohibitively difficult.
- This technique requires Javascript, so it may not work for browsers that have Javascript disabled. [REF-331]
Mitigation
Do not use the GET method for any request that triggers a state change.
Mitigation
Check the HTTP Referer header to see if the request originated from an expected page. This could break legitimate functionality, because users or proxies may have disabled sending the Referer for privacy reasons.
CAPEC-111: JSON Hijacking (aka JavaScript Hijacking)
An attacker targets a system that uses JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) as a transport mechanism between the client and the server (common in Web 2.0 systems using AJAX) to steal possibly confidential information transmitted from the server back to the client inside the JSON object by taking advantage of the loophole in the browser's Same Origin Policy that does not prohibit JavaScript from one website to be included and executed in the context of another website.
CAPEC-462: Cross-Domain Search Timing
An attacker initiates cross domain HTTP / GET requests and times the server responses. The timing of these responses may leak important information on what is happening on the server. Browser's same origin policy prevents the attacker from directly reading the server responses (in the absence of any other weaknesses), but does not prevent the attacker from timing the responses to requests that the attacker issued cross domain.
CAPEC-467: Cross Site Identification
An attacker harvests identifying information about a victim via an active session that the victim's browser has with a social networking site. A victim may have the social networking site open in one tab or perhaps is simply using the "remember me" feature to keep their session with the social networking site active. An attacker induces a payload to execute in the victim's browser that transparently to the victim initiates a request to the social networking site (e.g., via available social network site APIs) to retrieve identifying information about a victim. While some of this information may be public, the attacker is able to harvest this information in context and may use it for further attacks on the user (e.g., spear phishing).
CAPEC-62: Cross Site Request Forgery
An attacker crafts malicious web links and distributes them (via web pages, email, etc.), typically in a targeted manner, hoping to induce users to click on the link and execute the malicious action against some third-party application. If successful, the action embedded in the malicious link will be processed and accepted by the targeted application with the users' privilege level. This type of attack leverages the persistence and implicit trust placed in user session cookies by many web applications today. In such an architecture, once the user authenticates to an application and a session cookie is created on the user's system, all following transactions for that session are authenticated using that cookie including potential actions initiated by an attacker and simply "riding" the existing session cookie.