CWE-352
AllowedCross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
Abstraction: Compound · Status: Stable
The web application does not, or cannot, sufficiently verify whether a request was intentionally provided by the user who sent the request, which could have originated from an unauthorized actor.
14229 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-P8PR-5QMG-85FR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-06 18:31 – Updated: 2025-02-07 03:32A cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the pjActionUpdate function of PHPJabbers Cinema Booking System v2.0 allows remote attackers to escalate privileges by tricking an authenticated admin into submitting an unauthorized request.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-57429"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-06T17:15:20Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the pjActionUpdate function of PHPJabbers Cinema Booking System v2.0 allows remote attackers to escalate privileges by tricking an authenticated admin into submitting an unauthorized request.",
"id": "GHSA-p8pr-5qmg-85fr",
"modified": "2025-02-07T03:32:01Z",
"published": "2025-02-06T18:31:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-57429"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ahrixia/CVE-2024-57429"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.phpjabbers.com/cinema-booking-system"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-P8Q2-VCV3-J5PC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-07 00:30 – Updated: 2026-03-07 00:30The WP Frontend Profile plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in all versions up to, and including, 1.3.8. This is due to missing nonce validation on the 'update_action' function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to approve or reject user account registrations via a forged request granted they can trick an administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-1644"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-07T00:16:13Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The WP Frontend Profile plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in all versions up to, and including, 1.3.8. This is due to missing nonce validation on the \u0027update_action\u0027 function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to approve or reject user account registrations via a forged request granted they can trick an administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link.",
"id": "GHSA-p8q2-vcv3-j5pc",
"modified": "2026-03-07T00:30:29Z",
"published": "2026-03-07T00:30:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-1644"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wp-front-end-profile/tags/1.3.8/functions/wpfep-functions.php#L987"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wp-front-end-profile/trunk/functions/wpfep-functions.php#L987"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3466608%40wp-front-end-profile\u0026new=3466608%40wp-front-end-profile\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/74b186fd-5825-4a20-829b-6b8a5ddbe853?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-P8RH-8MXV-5W8Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-15 15:30 – Updated: 2026-04-28 15:30Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Veribo, Roland Murg WP Simple Booking Calendar.This issue affects WP Simple Booking Calendar: from n/a through 2.0.8.4.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-51525"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-15T14:15:07Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Veribo, Roland Murg WP Simple Booking Calendar.This issue affects WP Simple Booking Calendar: from n/a through 2.0.8.4.",
"id": "GHSA-p8rh-8mxv-5w8q",
"modified": "2026-04-28T15:30:41Z",
"published": "2024-03-15T15:30:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-51525"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/wp-simple-booking-calendar/vulnerability/wordpress-wp-simple-booking-calendar-plugin-2-0-8-4-cross-site-request-forgery-csrf-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/wp-simple-booking-calendar/wordpress-wp-simple-booking-calendar-plugin-2-0-8-4-cross-site-request-forgery-csrf-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-P8RV-X4HP-J26P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:48 – Updated: 2024-04-04 01:02The Bobronix JEditor editor before 3.0.6 for Jira allows an attacker to add a URL/Link (to an existing issue) that can cause forgery of a request to an out-of-origin domain. This in turn may allow for a forged request that can be invoked in the context of an authenticated user, leading to stealing of session tokens and account takeover.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-12836"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-06-21T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The Bobronix JEditor editor before 3.0.6 for Jira allows an attacker to add a URL/Link (to an existing issue) that can cause forgery of a request to an out-of-origin domain. This in turn may allow for a forged request that can be invoked in the context of an authenticated user, leading to stealing of session tokens and account takeover.",
"id": "GHSA-p8rv-x4hp-j26p",
"modified": "2024-04-04T01:02:37Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:48:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-12836"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/9lyph/CVE-2019-12836/blob/master/README.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jeditor.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/articles/360029430751-JEditor-3-0-6-release-notes"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-P8V8-PFGH-P5CQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-05 02:48 – Updated: 2025-03-31 12:30Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in apps/calendar/ajax/settings/settimezone in ownCloud before 4.0.12 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of users for requests that change the timezone via the timezone parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2013-0301"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2014-03-14T17:55:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in apps/calendar/ajax/settings/settimezone in ownCloud before 4.0.12 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of users for requests that change the timezone via the timezone parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-p8v8-pfgh-p5cq",
"modified": "2025-03-31T12:30:37Z",
"published": "2022-05-05T02:48:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-0301"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://owncloud.org/about/security/advisories/oC-SA-2013-004"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-P8VC-3R99-J897
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-14 21:30 – Updated: 2025-11-14 21:30A vulnerability has been found in Bdtask/CodeCanyon Wholesale Inventory Control and Inventory Management System up to 20250320. This issue affects some unknown processing. Such manipulation leads to cross-site request forgery. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-13179"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-14T20:15:46Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been found in Bdtask/CodeCanyon Wholesale Inventory Control and Inventory Management System up to 20250320. This issue affects some unknown processing. Such manipulation leads to cross-site request forgery. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-p8vc-3r99-j897",
"modified": "2025-11-14T21:30:29Z",
"published": "2025-11-14T21:30:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-13179"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/4m3rr0r/PoCVulDb/issues/3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.332469"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.332469"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.684823"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-P8WM-PG92-J5JW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:50 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:50Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in ZTE ZXDSL 831CII allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that (1) change the admin user name or (2) conduct cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks via the sysUserName parameter in a save action to adminpasswd.cgi or (3) change the admin user password via the sysPassword parameter in a save action to adminpasswd.cgi.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2014-9019"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2014-11-20T17:50:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in ZTE ZXDSL 831CII allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that (1) change the admin user name or (2) conduct cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks via the sysUserName parameter in a save action to adminpasswd.cgi or (3) change the admin user password via the sysPassword parameter in a save action to adminpasswd.cgi.",
"id": "GHSA-p8wm-pg92-j5jw",
"modified": "2022-05-14T02:50:22Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:50:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-9019"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/98585"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/129016/ZTE-831CII-Hardcoded-Credential-XSS-CSRF.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/533930/100/0/threaded"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/70984"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-P8WR-GH54-63H2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-14 00:30 – Updated: 2025-02-14 00:30mySCADA myPRO Manager is vulnerable to cross-site request forgery (CSRF), which could allow an attacker to obtain sensitive information. An attacker would need to trick the victim in to visiting an attacker-controlled website.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-23411"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-13T22:15:11Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "mySCADA myPRO Manager\n is vulnerable to cross-site request forgery (CSRF), which could allow \nan attacker to obtain sensitive information. An attacker would need to \ntrick the victim in to visiting an attacker-controlled website.",
"id": "GHSA-p8wr-gh54-63h2",
"modified": "2025-02-14T00:30:44Z",
"published": "2025-02-14T00:30:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-23411"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-25-044-16"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.myscada.org/contacts"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.myscada.org/downloads/mySCADAPROManager"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-P8WW-VV84-C2RM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2018-10-18 17:41 – Updated: 2022-09-13 23:50The JSONP endpoint in the Studio component in OrientDB Server Community Edition before 2.0.15 and 2.1.x before 2.1.1 does not properly restrict callback values, which allows remote attackers to conduct cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attacks, and obtain sensitive information, via a crafted HTTP request.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "com.orientechnologies:orientdb-studio"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.0.15"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "com.orientechnologies:orientdb-studio"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.1.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.1.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
],
"versions": [
"2.1.0"
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-2912"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2020-06-16T21:48:37Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The JSONP endpoint in the Studio component in OrientDB Server Community Edition before 2.0.15 and 2.1.x before 2.1.1 does not properly restrict callback values, which allows remote attackers to conduct cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attacks, and obtain sensitive information, via a crafted HTTP request.",
"id": "GHSA-p8ww-vv84-c2rm",
"modified": "2022-09-13T23:50:45Z",
"published": "2018-10-18T17:41:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-2912"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/orientechnologies/orientdb/issues/4824"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-p8ww-vv84-c2rm"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/orientechnologies/orientdb"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/845332"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "OrientDB-Server vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery"
}
GHSA-P92Q-7FHH-MQ35
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-01-21 23:37 – Updated: 2023-10-27 19:01Jenkins 2.329 and earlier, LTS 2.319.1 and earlier does not require POST requests for the HTTP endpoint handling manual build requests when no security realm is set, resulting in a cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability.
This vulnerability allows attackers to trigger build of job without parameters.
Jenkins 2.330, LTS 2.319.2 requires POST requests for the affected HTTP endpoint.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.jenkins-ci.main:jenkins-core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.320"
},
{
"fixed": "2.330"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.jenkins-ci.main:jenkins-core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.319.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-20612"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-01-20T14:46:50Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-01-12T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Jenkins 2.329 and earlier, LTS 2.319.1 and earlier does not require POST requests for the HTTP endpoint handling manual build requests when no security realm is set, resulting in a cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability.\n\nThis vulnerability allows attackers to trigger build of job without parameters.\n\nJenkins 2.330, LTS 2.319.2 requires POST requests for the affected HTTP endpoint.",
"id": "GHSA-p92q-7fhh-mq35",
"modified": "2023-10-27T19:01:54Z",
"published": "2022-01-21T23:37:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-20612"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/jenkins/commit/b5c3764681f3b4ce83d0e78f6a9327925640d57e"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/jenkins"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.jenkins.io/changelog-stable/#v2.319.2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.jenkins.io/changelog/#v2.330"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2022-01-12/#SECURITY-2558"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2022.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/01/12/6"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Cross-Site Request Forgery in Jenkins"
}
Mitigation MIT-4
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
- For example, use anti-CSRF packages such as the OWASP CSRFGuard. [REF-330]
- Another example is the ESAPI Session Management control, which includes a component for CSRF. [REF-45]
Mitigation
Ensure that the application is free of cross-site scripting issues (CWE-79), because most CSRF defenses can be bypassed using attacker-controlled script.
Mitigation
Generate a unique nonce for each form, place the nonce into the form, and verify the nonce upon receipt of the form. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330). [REF-332]
Mitigation
Identify especially dangerous operations. When the user performs a dangerous operation, send a separate confirmation request to ensure that the user intended to perform that operation.
Mitigation
- Use the "double-submitted cookie" method as described by Felten and Zeller:
- When a user visits a site, the site should generate a pseudorandom value and set it as a cookie on the user's machine. The site should require every form submission to include this value as a form value and also as a cookie value. When a POST request is sent to the site, the request should only be considered valid if the form value and the cookie value are the same.
- Because of the same-origin policy, an attacker cannot read or modify the value stored in the cookie. To successfully submit a form on behalf of the user, the attacker would have to correctly guess the pseudorandom value. If the pseudorandom value is cryptographically strong, this will be prohibitively difficult.
- This technique requires Javascript, so it may not work for browsers that have Javascript disabled. [REF-331]
Mitigation
Do not use the GET method for any request that triggers a state change.
Mitigation
Check the HTTP Referer header to see if the request originated from an expected page. This could break legitimate functionality, because users or proxies may have disabled sending the Referer for privacy reasons.
CAPEC-111: JSON Hijacking (aka JavaScript Hijacking)
An attacker targets a system that uses JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) as a transport mechanism between the client and the server (common in Web 2.0 systems using AJAX) to steal possibly confidential information transmitted from the server back to the client inside the JSON object by taking advantage of the loophole in the browser's Same Origin Policy that does not prohibit JavaScript from one website to be included and executed in the context of another website.
CAPEC-462: Cross-Domain Search Timing
An attacker initiates cross domain HTTP / GET requests and times the server responses. The timing of these responses may leak important information on what is happening on the server. Browser's same origin policy prevents the attacker from directly reading the server responses (in the absence of any other weaknesses), but does not prevent the attacker from timing the responses to requests that the attacker issued cross domain.
CAPEC-467: Cross Site Identification
An attacker harvests identifying information about a victim via an active session that the victim's browser has with a social networking site. A victim may have the social networking site open in one tab or perhaps is simply using the "remember me" feature to keep their session with the social networking site active. An attacker induces a payload to execute in the victim's browser that transparently to the victim initiates a request to the social networking site (e.g., via available social network site APIs) to retrieve identifying information about a victim. While some of this information may be public, the attacker is able to harvest this information in context and may use it for further attacks on the user (e.g., spear phishing).
CAPEC-62: Cross Site Request Forgery
An attacker crafts malicious web links and distributes them (via web pages, email, etc.), typically in a targeted manner, hoping to induce users to click on the link and execute the malicious action against some third-party application. If successful, the action embedded in the malicious link will be processed and accepted by the targeted application with the users' privilege level. This type of attack leverages the persistence and implicit trust placed in user session cookies by many web applications today. In such an architecture, once the user authenticates to an application and a session cookie is created on the user's system, all following transactions for that session are authenticated using that cookie including potential actions initiated by an attacker and simply "riding" the existing session cookie.