CWE-352
AllowedCross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
Abstraction: Compound · Status: Stable
The web application does not, or cannot, sufficiently verify whether a request was intentionally provided by the user who sent the request, which could have originated from an unauthorized actor.
14231 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-MPPW-8F3P-39RW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-18 09:30 – Updated: 2025-11-18 09:30The Project Honey Pot Spam Trap plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in all versions up to, and including, 1.0.1. This is due to missing or incorrect nonce validation on the printAdminPage() function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to update settings and inject malicious web scripts via a forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-12406"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-18T09:15:48Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Project Honey Pot Spam Trap plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in all versions up to, and including, 1.0.1. This is due to missing or incorrect nonce validation on the printAdminPage() function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to update settings and inject malicious web scripts via a forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link.",
"id": "GHSA-mppw-8f3p-39rw",
"modified": "2025-11-18T09:30:51Z",
"published": "2025-11-18T09:30:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-12406"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/project-honey-pot-spam-trap/tags/1.0.1/project_honey_pot.php#L244"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/project-honey-pot-spam-trap/tags/1.0.1/project_honey_pot.php#L248"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/project-honey-pot-spam-trap/tags/1.0.1/project_honey_pot.php#L293"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/e774476d-3696-4489-b028-16c25f8db1ca?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MPQ2-MV8P-9WM6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-22 00:31 – Updated: 2026-06-24 21:18Concrete CMS 9 before 9.5.0 is vulnerable to Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF) at concrete/controllers/dialog/page/bulk/design.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "concrete5/concrete5"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "9.0.0RC1"
},
{
"fixed": "9.5.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-8413"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1275",
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-06-24T21:18:09Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-21T22:16:51Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Concrete CMS 9 before 9.5.0 is vulnerable to Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF) at concrete/controllers/dialog/page/bulk/design.",
"id": "GHSA-mpq2-mv8p-9wm6",
"modified": "2026-06-24T21:18:31Z",
"published": "2026-05-22T00:31:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-8413"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://documentation.concretecms.org/9-x/developers/introduction/version-history/951-release-notes"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/concretecms/concretecms"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Concrete CMS is vulnerable to Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF) at concrete/controllers/dialog/page/bulk/design"
}
GHSA-MPQ8-CM6Q-WPQ8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-09 00:00 – Updated: 2022-06-15 00:00The Discy WordPress theme before 5.2 lacks CSRF checks in some AJAX actions, allowing an attacker to make a logged in admin change arbitrary 's settings including payment methods via a CSRF attack
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-1421"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-06-08T10:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Discy WordPress theme before 5.2 lacks CSRF checks in some AJAX actions, allowing an attacker to make a logged in admin change arbitrary \u0027s settings including payment methods via a CSRF attack",
"id": "GHSA-mpq8-cm6q-wpq8",
"modified": "2022-06-15T00:00:22Z",
"published": "2022-06-09T00:00:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-1421"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/a7a24e8e-9056-4967-bcad-b96cc0c5b249"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MPRG-VCH7-563J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-21 15:31 – Updated: 2024-06-21 15:31Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Tribulant Newsletters.This issue affects Newsletters: from n/a through 4.9.7.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-37227"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-21T14:15:13Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Tribulant Newsletters.This issue affects Newsletters: from n/a through 4.9.7.",
"id": "GHSA-mprg-vch7-563j",
"modified": "2024-06-21T15:31:06Z",
"published": "2024-06-21T15:31:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-37227"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/newsletters-lite/wordpress-newsletters-plugin-4-9-7-cross-site-request-forgery-csrf-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MPRW-38C7-FPFV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-22 12:31 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:34Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in e4jvikwp VikRestaurants Table Reservations and Take-Away allows Cross Site Request Forgery. This issue affects VikRestaurants Table Reservations and Take-Away: from n/a through 1.3.3.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-46251"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-22T10:15:19Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in e4jvikwp VikRestaurants Table Reservations and Take-Away allows Cross Site Request Forgery. This issue affects VikRestaurants Table Reservations and Take-Away: from n/a through 1.3.3.",
"id": "GHSA-mprw-38c7-fpfv",
"modified": "2026-04-01T18:34:55Z",
"published": "2025-04-22T12:31:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-46251"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/vikrestaurants/vulnerability/wordpress-vikrestaurants-table-reservations-and-take-away-plugin-1-3-3-csrf-to-stored-xss-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MPV3-G527-FQRJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:07 – Updated: 2024-02-28 18:56Cloud Foundry Runtime cf-release before 216, UAA before 2.5.2, and Pivotal Cloud Foundry (PCF) Elastic Runtime before 1.7.0 allow remote attackers to conduct cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attacks on PWS and log a user into an arbitrary account by leveraging lack of CSRF checks.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.cloudfoundry.identity:cloudfoundry-identity-server"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.5.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-5170"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-02-28T18:56:58Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2017-10-24T17:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Cloud Foundry Runtime cf-release before 216, UAA before 2.5.2, and Pivotal Cloud Foundry (PCF) Elastic Runtime before 1.7.0 allow remote attackers to conduct cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attacks on PWS and log a user into an arbitrary account by leveraging lack of CSRF checks.",
"id": "GHSA-mpv3-g527-fqrj",
"modified": "2024-02-28T18:56:58Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:07:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-5170"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cloudfoundry/uaa/commit/41dba9d81dbdf24ede4fb9719de28b1b88b3e1b4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cloudfoundry/uaa/commit/a54f3fb8225ef7d5021ca7d4fb52bef1e884568e"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cloudfoundry/uaa/commit/bdb1a39a1e72f615f2e7a429a896a11e7ee5ec17"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/cloudfoundry/uaa"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pivotal.io/security/cve-2015-5170-5173"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/101579"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Cloud Foundry Runtime Cross-Site Request Forgery vulnerability"
}
GHSA-MPVW-H4VQ-PMFX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-17 15:31 – Updated: 2026-05-17 15:31Joomla! Component Js Jobs 1.2.0 contains a cross-site request forgery vulnerability that allows attackers to perform state-changing actions without token validation. Attackers can craft malicious HTML forms targeting administrative endpoints like job.jobenforcedelete to delete job entries or modify component settings when administrators visit attacker-controlled pages.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-25327"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-17T13:16:44Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Joomla! Component Js Jobs 1.2.0 contains a cross-site request forgery vulnerability that allows attackers to perform state-changing actions without token validation. Attackers can craft malicious HTML forms targeting administrative endpoints like job.jobenforcedelete to delete job entries or modify component settings when administrators visit attacker-controlled pages.",
"id": "GHSA-mpvw-h4vq-pmfx",
"modified": "2026-05-17T15:31:41Z",
"published": "2026-05-17T15:31:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-25327"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://extensions.joomla.org/extension/js-jobs"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/44492"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.joomsky.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/joomla-component-js-jobs-cross-site-request-forgery"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-MPWQ-C7J9-72QQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-17 21:32 – Updated: 2025-07-17 21:32A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in code-projects E-Commerce Site 1.0. Affected is an unknown function. The manipulation leads to cross-site request forgery. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-7756"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-17T21:15:27Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in code-projects E-Commerce Site 1.0. Affected is an unknown function. The manipulation leads to cross-site request forgery. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.",
"id": "GHSA-mpwq-c7j9-72qq",
"modified": "2025-07-17T21:32:17Z",
"published": "2025-07-17T21:32:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-7756"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/BalanceLee/CVE/issues/3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://code-projects.org"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.316746"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.316746"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.615620"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-MQ4F-GX53-59FR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:57 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:57An issue was discovered in WeaselCMS v0.3.5. CSRF can create new pages via an index.php?b=pages&a=new URI.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-14959"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-08-05T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in WeaselCMS v0.3.5. CSRF can create new pages via an index.php?b=pages\u0026a=new URI.",
"id": "GHSA-mq4f-gx53-59fr",
"modified": "2022-05-14T02:57:27Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:57:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-14959"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/alterebro/WeaselCMS/issues/6"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MQ59-M269-XVCX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-17 15:30 – Updated: 2026-03-19 18:28Summary
origin: null was treated as a "missing" origin during Server Action CSRF validation. As a result, requests from opaque contexts (such as sandboxed iframes) could bypass origin verification instead of being validated as cross-origin requests.
Impact
An attacker could induce a victim browser to submit Server Actions from a sandboxed context, potentially executing state-changing actions with victim credentials (CSRF).
Patches
Fixed by treating 'null' as an explicit origin value and enforcing host/origin checks unless 'null' is explicitly allowlisted in experimental.serverActions.allowedOrigins.
Workarounds
If upgrade is not immediately possible:
- Add CSRF tokens for sensitive Server Actions.
- Prefer SameSite=Strict on sensitive auth cookies.
- Do not allow 'null' in serverActions.allowedOrigins unless intentionally required and additionally protected.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "next"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "16.0.1"
},
{
"fixed": "16.1.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-27978"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-17T15:30:14Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-18T00:16:20Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "## Summary\n`origin: null` was treated as a \"missing\" origin during Server Action CSRF validation. As a result, requests from opaque contexts (such as sandboxed iframes) could bypass origin verification instead of being validated as cross-origin requests.\n\n## Impact\nAn attacker could induce a victim browser to submit Server Actions from a sandboxed context, potentially executing state-changing actions with victim credentials (CSRF).\n\n## Patches\nFixed by treating `\u0027null\u0027` as an explicit origin value and enforcing host/origin checks unless `\u0027null\u0027` is explicitly allowlisted in `experimental.serverActions.allowedOrigins`. \n\n## Workarounds\nIf upgrade is not immediately possible:\n- Add CSRF tokens for sensitive Server Actions.\n- Prefer `SameSite=Strict` on sensitive auth cookies.\n- Do not allow `\u0027null\u0027` in `serverActions.allowedOrigins` unless intentionally required and additionally protected.",
"id": "GHSA-mq59-m269-xvcx",
"modified": "2026-03-19T18:28:49Z",
"published": "2026-03-17T15:30:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/vercel/next.js/security/advisories/GHSA-mq59-m269-xvcx"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-27978"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/vercel/next.js/commit/a27a11d78e748a8c7ccfd14b7759ad2b9bf097d8"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/vercel/next.js"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/vercel/next.js/releases/tag/v16.1.7"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Next.js: null origin can bypass Server Actions CSRF checks"
}
Mitigation MIT-4
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
- For example, use anti-CSRF packages such as the OWASP CSRFGuard. [REF-330]
- Another example is the ESAPI Session Management control, which includes a component for CSRF. [REF-45]
Mitigation
Ensure that the application is free of cross-site scripting issues (CWE-79), because most CSRF defenses can be bypassed using attacker-controlled script.
Mitigation
Generate a unique nonce for each form, place the nonce into the form, and verify the nonce upon receipt of the form. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330). [REF-332]
Mitigation
Identify especially dangerous operations. When the user performs a dangerous operation, send a separate confirmation request to ensure that the user intended to perform that operation.
Mitigation
- Use the "double-submitted cookie" method as described by Felten and Zeller:
- When a user visits a site, the site should generate a pseudorandom value and set it as a cookie on the user's machine. The site should require every form submission to include this value as a form value and also as a cookie value. When a POST request is sent to the site, the request should only be considered valid if the form value and the cookie value are the same.
- Because of the same-origin policy, an attacker cannot read or modify the value stored in the cookie. To successfully submit a form on behalf of the user, the attacker would have to correctly guess the pseudorandom value. If the pseudorandom value is cryptographically strong, this will be prohibitively difficult.
- This technique requires Javascript, so it may not work for browsers that have Javascript disabled. [REF-331]
Mitigation
Do not use the GET method for any request that triggers a state change.
Mitigation
Check the HTTP Referer header to see if the request originated from an expected page. This could break legitimate functionality, because users or proxies may have disabled sending the Referer for privacy reasons.
CAPEC-111: JSON Hijacking (aka JavaScript Hijacking)
An attacker targets a system that uses JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) as a transport mechanism between the client and the server (common in Web 2.0 systems using AJAX) to steal possibly confidential information transmitted from the server back to the client inside the JSON object by taking advantage of the loophole in the browser's Same Origin Policy that does not prohibit JavaScript from one website to be included and executed in the context of another website.
CAPEC-462: Cross-Domain Search Timing
An attacker initiates cross domain HTTP / GET requests and times the server responses. The timing of these responses may leak important information on what is happening on the server. Browser's same origin policy prevents the attacker from directly reading the server responses (in the absence of any other weaknesses), but does not prevent the attacker from timing the responses to requests that the attacker issued cross domain.
CAPEC-467: Cross Site Identification
An attacker harvests identifying information about a victim via an active session that the victim's browser has with a social networking site. A victim may have the social networking site open in one tab or perhaps is simply using the "remember me" feature to keep their session with the social networking site active. An attacker induces a payload to execute in the victim's browser that transparently to the victim initiates a request to the social networking site (e.g., via available social network site APIs) to retrieve identifying information about a victim. While some of this information may be public, the attacker is able to harvest this information in context and may use it for further attacks on the user (e.g., spear phishing).
CAPEC-62: Cross Site Request Forgery
An attacker crafts malicious web links and distributes them (via web pages, email, etc.), typically in a targeted manner, hoping to induce users to click on the link and execute the malicious action against some third-party application. If successful, the action embedded in the malicious link will be processed and accepted by the targeted application with the users' privilege level. This type of attack leverages the persistence and implicit trust placed in user session cookies by many web applications today. In such an architecture, once the user authenticates to an application and a session cookie is created on the user's system, all following transactions for that session are authenticated using that cookie including potential actions initiated by an attacker and simply "riding" the existing session cookie.