Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-352

Allowed

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)

Abstraction: Compound · Status: Stable

API response cwe.mitre.org

The web application does not, or cannot, sufficiently verify whether a request was intentionally provided by the user who sent the request, which could have originated from an unauthorized actor.

14231 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-MHQJ-JV9M-4584

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-03 12:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 08:04
VLAI
Details

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in GTmetrix GTmetrix for WordPress plugin <= 0.4.7 versions.

Severity
5.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-37996"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-10-03T10:15:10Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in GTmetrix GTmetrix for WordPress plugin \u003c=\u00a00.4.7 versions.",
  "id": "GHSA-mhqj-jv9m-4584",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T08:04:47Z",
  "published": "2023-10-03T12:30:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-37996"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/gtmetrix-for-wordpress/wordpress-gtmetrix-for-wordpress-plugin-0-4-7-cross-site-request-forgery-csrf-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MHR7-2XMV-4C4Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-03 02:55 – Updated: 2026-05-06 23:25
VLAI
Summary
OpenClaw: HTTP operator endpoints lack browser-origin validation in trusted-proxy mode
Details

Summary

HTTP operator endpoints lack browser-origin validation in trusted-proxy mode

Current Maintainer Triage

  • Status: narrow
  • Normalized severity: medium
  • Assessment: This is a real trusted-proxy HTTP CSRF or browser-origin gap in released tags, but it is not critical because it depends on identity-bearing trusted-proxy browser deployments rather than the shared-secret HTTP operator model.

Affected Packages / Versions

  • Package: openclaw (npm)
  • Latest published npm version: 2026.3.31
  • Vulnerable version range: <=2026.3.28
  • Patched versions: >= 2026.3.31
  • First stable tag containing the fix: v2026.3.31

Fix Commit(s)

  • 6b3f99a11f4d070fa5ed2533abbb3d7329ea4f0d — 2026-03-31T19:49:26+09:00

OpenClaw thanks @AntAISecurityLab for reporting.

Severity
7.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L
2.3 (Low)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2026.3.28"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "openclaw"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2026.3.31"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-41347"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-346",
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-03T02:55:08Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\nHTTP operator endpoints lack browser-origin validation in trusted-proxy mode\n\n## Current Maintainer Triage\n- Status: narrow\n- Normalized severity: medium\n- Assessment: This is a real trusted-proxy HTTP CSRF or browser-origin gap in released tags, but it is not critical because it depends on identity-bearing trusted-proxy browser deployments rather than the shared-secret HTTP operator model.\n\n## Affected Packages / Versions\n- Package: `openclaw` (npm)\n- Latest published npm version: `2026.3.31`\n- Vulnerable version range: `\u003c=2026.3.28`\n- Patched versions: `\u003e= 2026.3.31`\n- First stable tag containing the fix: `v2026.3.31`\n\n## Fix Commit(s)\n- `6b3f99a11f4d070fa5ed2533abbb3d7329ea4f0d` \u2014 2026-03-31T19:49:26+09:00\n\nOpenClaw thanks @AntAISecurityLab for reporting.",
  "id": "GHSA-mhr7-2xmv-4c4q",
  "modified": "2026-05-06T23:25:06Z",
  "published": "2026-04-03T02:55:08Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-mhr7-2xmv-4c4q"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-41347"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/6b3f99a11f4d070fa5ed2533abbb3d7329ea4f0d"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/releases/tag/v2026.3.31"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-cross-site-request-forgery-via-missing-browser-origin-validation-in-http-operator-endpoints"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "OpenClaw: HTTP operator endpoints lack browser-origin validation in trusted-proxy mode"
}

GHSA-MHRR-39V8-VJRR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-20 03:31 – Updated: 2026-05-20 03:31
VLAI
Details

The Sentence To SEO (keywords, description and tags) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in all versions up to, and including, 1.0. This is due to missing or incorrect nonce validation on the create_admin_page() function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to inject malicious web scripts and update plugin settings via a forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link.

Severity
6.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-6391"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-20T02:16:37Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Sentence To SEO (keywords, description and tags) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in all versions up to, and including, 1.0. This is due to missing or incorrect nonce validation on the create_admin_page() function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to inject malicious web scripts and update plugin settings via a forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link.",
  "id": "GHSA-mhrr-39v8-vjrr",
  "modified": "2026-05-20T03:31:34Z",
  "published": "2026-05-20T03:31:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-6391"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/sentence-to-seo/tags/1.0/index.php#L50"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/sentence-to-seo/tags/1.0/index.php#L75"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/sentence-to-seo/tags/1.0/index.php#L81"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/sentence-to-seo/tags/1.0/index.php#L87"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/sentence-to-seo/trunk/index.php#L50"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/sentence-to-seo/trunk/index.php#L75"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/sentence-to-seo/trunk/index.php#L81"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/sentence-to-seo/trunk/index.php#L87"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/add32c06-90d0-466f-b176-aaae55cf03fb?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MHV8-2Q5P-JRWX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-12 00:00 – Updated: 2022-04-16 00:01
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered in baijiacms v4. There is a CSRF vulnerability that can modify the store information and login password.

Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-34250"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-04-11T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in baijiacms v4. There is a CSRF vulnerability that can modify the store information and login password.",
  "id": "GHSA-mhv8-2q5p-jrwx",
  "modified": "2022-04-16T00:01:11Z",
  "published": "2022-04-12T00:00:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-34250"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/baijiacms/baijiacmsV4/issues/7"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MHVF-J94G-3QP7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:52 – Updated: 2024-02-12 11:45
VLAI
Summary
Magento 2 Community Edition CSRF vulnerability
Details

A cross-site request forgery vulnerability in Magento 2.1 prior to 2.1.18, Magento 2.2 prior to 2.2.9, Magento 2.3 prior to 2.3.2 can lead to unintended data deletion from customer pages.

Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "magento/community-edition"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.1.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.1.18"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "magento/community-edition"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.2.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.2.9"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "magento/community-edition"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.3.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.3.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-7851"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-07-14T22:06:47Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-08-02T22:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A cross-site request forgery vulnerability in Magento 2.1 prior to 2.1.18, Magento 2.2 prior to 2.2.9, Magento 2.3 prior to 2.3.2 can lead to unintended data deletion from customer pages.",
  "id": "GHSA-mhvf-j94g-3qp7",
  "modified": "2024-02-12T11:45:28Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:52:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-7851"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories/blob/master/magento/product-community-edition/CVE-2019-7851.yaml"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/magento/magento2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://magento.com/security/patches/magento-2.3.2-2.2.9-and-2.1.18-security-update-33"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20220121011306/https://magento.com/security/patches/magento-2.3.2-2.2.9-and-2.1.18-security-update-33"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Magento 2 Community Edition CSRF vulnerability"
}

GHSA-MHWM-H446-PQ2W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:45 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:45
VLAI
Details

Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF) exists in RSVP Invitation Online 1.0 via function/account.php, as demonstrated by modifying the admin password.

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-5976"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-01-24T10:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF) exists in RSVP Invitation Online 1.0 via function/account.php, as demonstrated by modifying the admin password.",
  "id": "GHSA-mhwm-h446-pq2w",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T03:45:22Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T03:45:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-5976"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/43862"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MHWP-26MF-7J34

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-16 21:31 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:33
VLAI
Details

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Ryan Sutana WP Panoramio allows Stored XSS.This issue affects WP Panoramio: from n/a through 1.5.0.

Severity
7.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-23662"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-16T20:15:43Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Ryan Sutana WP Panoramio allows Stored XSS.This issue affects WP Panoramio: from n/a through 1.5.0.",
  "id": "GHSA-mhwp-26mf-7j34",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:33:12Z",
  "published": "2025-01-16T21:31:01Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-23662"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/wp-panoramio/vulnerability/wordpress-wp-panoramio-plugin-1-5-0-csrf-to-cross-site-scripting-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MHX4-QFXF-FXMG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:58 – Updated: 2022-05-17 03:58
VLAI
Details

Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Zenoss Core through 5 Beta 3 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of arbitrary users for requests that trigger arbitrary code execution via a ZenPack upload, aka ZEN-15388.

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2014-9385"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2014-12-15T18:59:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Zenoss Core through 5 Beta 3 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of arbitrary users for requests that trigger arbitrary code execution via a ZenPack upload, aka ZEN-15388.",
  "id": "GHSA-mhx4-qfxf-fxmg",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T03:58:12Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T03:58:12Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-9385"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1dHAc4PxUbs-4Dxzm1wSCE0sMz5UCMY6SW3PlMHSyuuQ/edit?usp=sharing"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/449452"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-MJ36-JPR7-6CFR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-18 18:30 – Updated: 2024-01-23 15:30
VLAI
Details

FlyCms v1.0 contains a Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability via /system/admin/update_group_save.

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-22699"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-01-18T16:15:09Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "FlyCms v1.0 contains a Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability via /system/admin/update_group_save.",
  "id": "GHSA-mj36-jpr7-6cfr",
  "modified": "2024-01-23T15:30:57Z",
  "published": "2024-01-18T18:30:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-22699"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/biantaibao/cms/blob/main/1.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MJ3H-HRP4-MFR6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:23 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:23
VLAI
Details

Mozilla Firefox before 17.0, Thunderbird before 17.0, and SeaMonkey before 2.14 assign the system principal, rather than the sandbox principal, to XMLHttpRequest objects created in sandboxes, which allows remote attackers to conduct cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attacks or obtain sensitive information by leveraging a sandboxed add-on.

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2012-4205"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2012-11-21T12:55:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Mozilla Firefox before 17.0, Thunderbird before 17.0, and SeaMonkey before 2.14 assign the system principal, rather than the sandbox principal, to XMLHttpRequest objects created in sandboxes, which allows remote attackers to conduct cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attacks or obtain sensitive information by leveraging a sandboxed add-on.",
  "id": "GHSA-mj3h-hrp4-mfr6",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:23:09Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:23:09Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-4205"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=779821"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/80175"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A16965"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2012-11/msg00021.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2013-01/msg00022.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2012-11/msg00090.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2012-11/msg00092.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2012-11/msg00093.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/51369"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/51370"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/51381"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/51434"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/51439"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/51440"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.mozilla.org/security/announce/2012/mfsa2012-97.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/56621"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-1636-1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-1638-1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-1638-2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-1638-3"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}
Mitigation MIT-4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
  • For example, use anti-CSRF packages such as the OWASP CSRFGuard. [REF-330]
  • Another example is the ESAPI Session Management control, which includes a component for CSRF. [REF-45]
Mitigation
Implementation

Ensure that the application is free of cross-site scripting issues (CWE-79), because most CSRF defenses can be bypassed using attacker-controlled script.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Generate a unique nonce for each form, place the nonce into the form, and verify the nonce upon receipt of the form. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330). [REF-332]

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Identify especially dangerous operations. When the user performs a dangerous operation, send a separate confirmation request to ensure that the user intended to perform that operation.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Use the "double-submitted cookie" method as described by Felten and Zeller:
  • When a user visits a site, the site should generate a pseudorandom value and set it as a cookie on the user's machine. The site should require every form submission to include this value as a form value and also as a cookie value. When a POST request is sent to the site, the request should only be considered valid if the form value and the cookie value are the same.
  • Because of the same-origin policy, an attacker cannot read or modify the value stored in the cookie. To successfully submit a form on behalf of the user, the attacker would have to correctly guess the pseudorandom value. If the pseudorandom value is cryptographically strong, this will be prohibitively difficult.
  • This technique requires Javascript, so it may not work for browsers that have Javascript disabled. [REF-331]
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Do not use the GET method for any request that triggers a state change.

Mitigation
Implementation

Check the HTTP Referer header to see if the request originated from an expected page. This could break legitimate functionality, because users or proxies may have disabled sending the Referer for privacy reasons.

CAPEC-111: JSON Hijacking (aka JavaScript Hijacking)

An attacker targets a system that uses JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) as a transport mechanism between the client and the server (common in Web 2.0 systems using AJAX) to steal possibly confidential information transmitted from the server back to the client inside the JSON object by taking advantage of the loophole in the browser's Same Origin Policy that does not prohibit JavaScript from one website to be included and executed in the context of another website.

CAPEC-462: Cross-Domain Search Timing

An attacker initiates cross domain HTTP / GET requests and times the server responses. The timing of these responses may leak important information on what is happening on the server. Browser's same origin policy prevents the attacker from directly reading the server responses (in the absence of any other weaknesses), but does not prevent the attacker from timing the responses to requests that the attacker issued cross domain.

CAPEC-467: Cross Site Identification

An attacker harvests identifying information about a victim via an active session that the victim's browser has with a social networking site. A victim may have the social networking site open in one tab or perhaps is simply using the "remember me" feature to keep their session with the social networking site active. An attacker induces a payload to execute in the victim's browser that transparently to the victim initiates a request to the social networking site (e.g., via available social network site APIs) to retrieve identifying information about a victim. While some of this information may be public, the attacker is able to harvest this information in context and may use it for further attacks on the user (e.g., spear phishing).

CAPEC-62: Cross Site Request Forgery

An attacker crafts malicious web links and distributes them (via web pages, email, etc.), typically in a targeted manner, hoping to induce users to click on the link and execute the malicious action against some third-party application. If successful, the action embedded in the malicious link will be processed and accepted by the targeted application with the users' privilege level. This type of attack leverages the persistence and implicit trust placed in user session cookies by many web applications today. In such an architecture, once the user authenticates to an application and a session cookie is created on the user's system, all following transactions for that session are authenticated using that cookie including potential actions initiated by an attacker and simply "riding" the existing session cookie.

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