CWE-307
AllowedImproper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product does not implement sufficient measures to prevent multiple failed authentication attempts within a short time frame.
905 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-5FFR-Q63G-QHPP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-25 06:30 – Updated: 2025-04-14 18:31Planet eStream before 6.72.10.07 allows a low-privileged user to gain access to administrative and high-privileged user accounts by changing the value of the ON cookie. A brute-force attack can calculate a value that provides permanent access.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-45893"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-307"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-12-25T05:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Planet eStream before 6.72.10.07 allows a low-privileged user to gain access to administrative and high-privileged user accounts by changing the value of the ON cookie. A brute-force attack can calculate a value that provides permanent access.",
"id": "GHSA-5ffr-q63g-qhpp",
"modified": "2025-04-14T18:31:41Z",
"published": "2022-12-25T06:30:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-45893"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sec-consult.com/vulnerability-lab/advisory/multiple-critical-vulnerabilities-in-planet-enterprises-ltd-planet-estream"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5J67-5C69-HF75
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:45 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:45An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel before 5.11.11. The BPF subsystem does not properly consider that resolved_ids and resolved_sizes are intentionally uninitialized in the vmlinux BPF Type Format (BTF), which can cause a system crash upon an unexpected access attempt (in map_create in kernel/bpf/syscall.c or check_btf_info in kernel/bpf/verifier.c), aka CID-350a5c4dd245.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-29648"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-307"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-03-30T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel before 5.11.11. The BPF subsystem does not properly consider that resolved_ids and resolved_sizes are intentionally uninitialized in the vmlinux BPF Type Format (BTF), which can cause a system crash upon an unexpected access attempt (in map_create in kernel/bpf/syscall.c or check_btf_info in kernel/bpf/verifier.c), aka CID-350a5c4dd245.",
"id": "GHSA-5j67-5c69-hf75",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:45:54Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:45:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-29648"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cdn.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v5.x/ChangeLog-5.11.11"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=350a5c4dd2452ea999cc5e1d4a8dbf12de2f97ef"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/RZGMUP6QEHJJEKPMLKOSPWYMW7PXFC2M"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/VTADK5ELGTATGW2RK3K5MBJ2WGYCPZCM"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WKRNELXLVFDY6Y5XDMWLIH3VKIMQXLLR"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-5JM7-9Q58-M675
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-03 00:30 – Updated: 2024-04-03 00:30A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in codelyfe Stupid Simple CMS 1.2.4. This issue affects some unknown processing of the component Login Page. The manipulation leads to improper restriction of excessive authentication attempts. The attack may be initiated remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation is known to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-259049 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-3202"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-307"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-02T22:15:09Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in codelyfe Stupid Simple CMS 1.2.4. This issue affects some unknown processing of the component Login Page. The manipulation leads to improper restriction of excessive authentication attempts. The attack may be initiated remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation is known to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-259049 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-5jm7-9q58-m675",
"modified": "2024-04-03T00:30:55Z",
"published": "2024-04-03T00:30:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-3202"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/lcg-22266/cms/blob/main/2.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.259049"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.259049"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.303941"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5M9R-P9G7-679C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-13 20:55 – Updated: 2026-04-06 22:50Summary
The Zalo webhook handler applied request rate limiting only after webhook authentication succeeded. Requests with an invalid secret returned 401 but did not count against the rate limiter, allowing repeated secret guesses without triggering 429.
Impact
This made brute-force guessing materially easier for weak but policy-compliant webhook secrets. Once the secret was guessed, an attacker could submit forged Zalo webhook traffic.
Affected versions
openclaw <= 2026.3.11
Patch
Fixed in openclaw 2026.3.12. Rate limiting now applies before successful authentication is required, closing the pre-auth brute-force gap. Users should update to 2026.3.12 or later and prefer strong webhook secrets.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2026.3.11"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "openclaw"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2026.3.12"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-34505"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-307"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-13T20:55:38Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Summary\n\nThe Zalo webhook handler applied request rate limiting only after webhook authentication succeeded. Requests with an invalid secret returned `401` but did not count against the rate limiter, allowing repeated secret guesses without triggering `429`.\n\n### Impact\n\nThis made brute-force guessing materially easier for weak but policy-compliant webhook secrets. Once the secret was guessed, an attacker could submit forged Zalo webhook traffic.\n\n### Affected versions\n\n`openclaw` `\u003c= 2026.3.11`\n\n### Patch\n\nFixed in `openclaw` `2026.3.12`. Rate limiting now applies before successful authentication is required, closing the pre-auth brute-force gap. Users should update to `2026.3.12` or later and prefer strong webhook secrets.",
"id": "GHSA-5m9r-p9g7-679c",
"modified": "2026-04-06T22:50:15Z",
"published": "2026-03-13T20:55:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-5m9r-p9g7-679c"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-34505"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/pull/44173"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/f96ba87f033a14183fa0ede912df3a592eef55ff"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/releases/tag/v2026.3.12"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-webhook-rate-limiting-bypass-via-pre-authentication-secret-validation"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "OpenClaw: Zalo webhook rate limiting could be bypassed before secret validation"
}
GHSA-5MRR-FX45-WMM7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-06 18:31 – Updated: 2024-09-06 18:31An improper restriction of excessive authentication attempts vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow local network authenticated administrators to perform an arbitrary number of authentication attempts via unspecified vectors. QuTScloud is not affected.
We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions: QTS 5.2.0.2782 build 20240601 and later QuTS hero h5.2.0.2782 build 20240601 and later
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-32771"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-307"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-09-06T17:15:16Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "An improper restriction of excessive authentication attempts vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow local network authenticated administrators to perform an arbitrary number of authentication attempts via unspecified vectors.\nQuTScloud is not affected.\n\nWe have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions:\nQTS 5.2.0.2782 build 20240601 and later\nQuTS hero h5.2.0.2782 build 20240601 and later",
"id": "GHSA-5mrr-fx45-wmm7",
"modified": "2024-09-06T18:31:35Z",
"published": "2024-09-06T18:31:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-32771"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-24-28"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5Q3F-CVFM-98XQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-17 12:30 – Updated: 2024-05-17 12:30Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts vulnerability in Metagauss ProfileGrid allows Removing Important Client Functionality.This issue affects ProfileGrid : from n/a through 5.8.2.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-32774"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-307"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-17T10:15:10Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts vulnerability in Metagauss ProfileGrid allows Removing Important Client Functionality.This issue affects ProfileGrid : from n/a through 5.8.2.",
"id": "GHSA-5q3f-cvfm-98xq",
"modified": "2024-05-17T12:30:59Z",
"published": "2024-05-17T12:30:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-32774"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/profilegrid-user-profiles-groups-and-communities/wordpress-profilegrid-plugin-5-8-2-group-members-limit-bypass-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5Q7H-784H-X63V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-15 00:00 – Updated: 2022-07-21 00:00IBM Security Verify Identity Manager 10.0 uses an inadequate account lockout setting that could allow a remote attacker to brute force account credentials. IBM X-Force ID: 224918.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-22452"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-307"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-07-14T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "IBM Security Verify Identity Manager 10.0 uses an inadequate account lockout setting that could allow a remote attacker to brute force account credentials. IBM X-Force ID: 224918.",
"id": "GHSA-5q7h-784h-x63v",
"modified": "2022-07-21T00:00:35Z",
"published": "2022-07-15T00:00:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-22452"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/224918"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/6603405"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5R2P-47VM-6FH9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-09 03:33 – Updated: 2024-02-09 03:33IBM Engineering Lifecycle Optimization 7.0.2 and 7.0.3 is vulnerable to HTTP header injection, caused by improper validation of input by the HOST headers. This could allow an attacker to conduct various attacks against the vulnerable system, including cross-site scripting, cache poisoning or session hijacking. IBM X-Force ID: 268754.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-45190"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-307",
"CWE-644"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-09T01:15:08Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "IBM Engineering Lifecycle Optimization 7.0.2 and 7.0.3 is vulnerable to HTTP header injection, caused by improper validation of input by the HOST headers. This could allow an attacker to conduct various attacks against the vulnerable system, including cross-site scripting, cache poisoning or session hijacking. IBM X-Force ID: 268754.",
"id": "GHSA-5r2p-47vm-6fh9",
"modified": "2024-02-09T03:33:10Z",
"published": "2024-02-09T03:33:10Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-45190"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/268754"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7116045"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5R36-3W36-P2FP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-30 18:12 – Updated: 2024-02-09 03:32VAXstations running Open VMS 5.3 through 5.5-2 with VMS DECwindows or MOTIF do not properly disable access to user accounts that exceed the break-in limit threshold for failed login attempts, which makes it easier for attackers to conduct brute force password guessing.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-1999-1324"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-307"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "1999-12-31T05:00:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "VAXstations running Open VMS 5.3 through 5.5-2 with VMS DECwindows or MOTIF do not properly disable access to user accounts that exceed the break-in limit threshold for failed login attempts, which makes it easier for attackers to conduct brute force password guessing.",
"id": "GHSA-5r36-3w36-p2fp",
"modified": "2024-02-09T03:32:50Z",
"published": "2022-04-30T18:12:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-1999-1324"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/7225"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://ciac.llnl.gov/ciac/bulletins/d-06.shtml"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5V82-XXFG-JQXW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-26 00:32 – Updated: 2026-06-26 00:32The WebSocket Application Programming Interface lacks restrictions on the number of authentication requests. This absence of rate limiting may allow an attacker to conduct denial-of-service attacks or brute-force attacks to gain unauthorized access.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-50176"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-307"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-25T22:17:01Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The WebSocket Application Programming Interface lacks restrictions on the number of authentication requests. This absence of rate limiting may allow an attacker to conduct denial-of-service attacks or brute-force attacks to gain unauthorized access.",
"id": "GHSA-5v82-xxfg-jqxw",
"modified": "2026-06-26T00:32:06Z",
"published": "2026-06-26T00:32:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-50176"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://evokesystems.com/contact-us"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cisagov/CSAF/blob/develop/csaf_files/OT/white/2026/icsa-26-176-02.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-26-176-02"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation
- Common protection mechanisms include:
- Disconnecting the user after a small number of failed attempts
- Implementing a timeout
- Locking out a targeted account
- Requiring a computational task on the user's part.
Mitigation MIT-4
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
- Consider using libraries with authentication capabilities such as OpenSSL or the ESAPI Authenticator. [REF-45]
CAPEC-16: Dictionary-based Password Attack
An attacker tries each of the words in a dictionary as passwords to gain access to the system via some user's account. If the password chosen by the user was a word within the dictionary, this attack will be successful (in the absence of other mitigations). This is a specific instance of the password brute forcing attack pattern.
Dictionary Attacks differ from similar attacks such as Password Spraying (CAPEC-565) and Credential Stuffing (CAPEC-600), since they leverage unknown username/password combinations and don't care about inducing account lockouts.
CAPEC-49: Password Brute Forcing
An adversary tries every possible value for a password until they succeed. A brute force attack, if feasible computationally, will always be successful because it will essentially go through all possible passwords given the alphabet used (lower case letters, upper case letters, numbers, symbols, etc.) and the maximum length of the password.
CAPEC-560: Use of Known Domain Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.
CAPEC-565: Password Spraying
In a Password Spraying attack, an adversary tries a small list (e.g. 3-5) of common or expected passwords, often matching the target's complexity policy, against a known list of user accounts to gain valid credentials. The adversary tries a particular password for each user account, before moving onto the next password in the list. This approach assists the adversary in remaining undetected by avoiding rapid or frequent account lockouts. The adversary may then reattempt the process with additional passwords, once enough time has passed to prevent inducing a lockout.
CAPEC-600: Credential Stuffing
An adversary tries known username/password combinations against different systems, applications, or services to gain additional authenticated access. Credential Stuffing attacks rely upon the fact that many users leverage the same username/password combination for multiple systems, applications, and services.
CAPEC-652: Use of Known Kerberos Credentials
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Kerberos credentials (e.g. Kerberos service account userID/password or Kerberos Tickets) with the goal of achieving authenticated access to additional systems, applications, or services within the domain.
CAPEC-653: Use of Known Operating System Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate operating system credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions on the system, under the guise of an authenticated user or service. This applies to any Operating System.