CWE-306
AllowedMissing Authentication for Critical Function
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product does not perform any authentication for functionality that requires a provable user identity or consumes a significant amount of resources.
3570 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-747Q-WQ4P-22G3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-03 19:00 – Updated: 2022-11-04 19:01Fedora CoreOS supports setting a GRUB bootloader password using a Butane config. When this feature is enabled, GRUB requires a password to access the GRUB command-line, modify kernel command-line arguments, or boot non-default OSTree deployments. Recent Fedora CoreOS releases have a misconfiguration which allows booting non-default OSTree deployments without entering a password. This allows someone with access to the GRUB menu to boot into an older version of Fedora CoreOS, reverting any security fixes that have recently been applied to the machine. A password is still required to modify kernel command-line arguments and to access the GRUB command line.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-3675"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-20",
"CWE-306",
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-11-03T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Fedora CoreOS supports setting a GRUB bootloader password using a Butane config. When this feature is enabled, GRUB requires a password to access the GRUB command-line, modify kernel command-line arguments, or boot non-default OSTree deployments. Recent Fedora CoreOS releases have a misconfiguration which allows booting non-default OSTree deployments without entering a password. This allows someone with access to the GRUB menu to boot into an older version of Fedora CoreOS, reverting any security fixes that have recently been applied to the machine. A password is still required to modify kernel command-line arguments and to access the GRUB command line.",
"id": "GHSA-747q-wq4p-22g3",
"modified": "2022-11-04T19:01:17Z",
"published": "2022-11-03T19:00:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-3675"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/coreos/fedora-coreos-tracker/issues/1333"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-coreos/grub-password"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/coreos-status@lists.fedoraproject.org/thread/NHUCNH5Y4UH5DPUCXISYXXVA563TLFEJ"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-74HH-VRFX-9235
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-18 00:30 – Updated: 2026-02-18 00:30The affected products are vulnerable to an unauthenticated API endpoint exposure, which may allow an attacker to remotely change the "forgot password" recovery email address.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-1670"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-17T23:16:19Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The affected products are vulnerable to an unauthenticated API endpoint exposure, which may allow an attacker to remotely change the \"forgot password\" recovery email address.",
"id": "GHSA-74hh-vrfx-9235",
"modified": "2026-02-18T00:30:16Z",
"published": "2026-02-18T00:30:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-1670"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cisagov/CSAF/blob/develop/csaf_files/OT/white/2026/icsa-26-048-04.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-26-048-04"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.honeywell.com/us/en/contact/support"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-74HW-MJGM-CVV4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-15 21:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:58Broadcom RAID Controller Web server (nginx) is serving private server-side files without any authentication on Linux
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-4335"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-08-15T19:15:11Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Broadcom RAID Controller Web server (nginx) is serving private server-side files without any authentication on Linux",
"id": "GHSA-74hw-mjgm-cvv4",
"modified": "2024-04-04T06:58:29Z",
"published": "2023-08-15T21:30:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-4335"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.broadcom.com/support/resources/product-security-center"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-74W8-7JWM-QPM3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-19 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:57A remote unprivileged attacker can modify and access configuration settings on the EventCam App due to the absence of API authentication. The lack of authentication in the API allows the attacker to potentially compromise the functionality of the EventCam App.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-31411"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-19T15:15:09Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A remote unprivileged attacker can modify and access configuration settings on the EventCam App due to the absence of API authentication. The lack of authentication in the API allows the attacker to potentially compromise the functionality of the EventCam App. ",
"id": "GHSA-74w8-7jwm-qpm3",
"modified": "2024-04-04T04:57:15Z",
"published": "2023-06-19T15:30:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-31411"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sick.com/.well-known/csaf/white/2023/sca-2023-0005.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sick.com/.well-known/csaf/white/2023/sca-2023-0005.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sick.com/psirt"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-755X-386X-P26P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-26 12:41 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:33ProjectSend versions prior to r1720 are affected by an improper authentication vulnerability. Remote, unauthenticated attackers can exploit this flaw by sending crafted HTTP requests to options.php, enabling unauthorized modification of the application's configuration. Successful exploitation allows attackers to create accounts, upload webshells, and embed malicious JavaScript.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-11680"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287",
"CWE-306",
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-26T10:15:04Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "ProjectSend versions prior to r1720 are affected by an improper authentication vulnerability. Remote, unauthenticated attackers can exploit this flaw by sending crafted HTTP requests to options.php, enabling unauthorized modification of the application\u0027s configuration. Successful exploitation allows attackers to create accounts, upload webshells, and embed malicious JavaScript.",
"id": "GHSA-755x-386x-p26p",
"modified": "2025-10-22T00:33:11Z",
"published": "2024-11-26T12:41:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-11680"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/projectsend/projectsend/commit/193367d937b1a59ed5b68dd4e60bd53317473744"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei-templates/blob/main/http/vulnerabilities/projectsend-auth-bypass.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/blob/master/modules/exploits/linux/http/projectsend_unauth_rce.rb"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vulncheck.com/advisories/projectsend-bypass"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2024-11680"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.synacktiv.com/sites/default/files/2024-07/synacktiv-projectsend-multiple-vulnerabilities.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-757H-4QMH-MMVG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:46 – Updated: 2024-04-04 00:50Jector Smart TV FM-K75 devices allow remote code execution because there is an adb open port with root permission.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-9871"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-05-31T20:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Jector Smart TV FM-K75 devices allow remote code execution because there is an adb open port with root permission.",
"id": "GHSA-757h-4qmh-mmvg",
"modified": "2024-04-04T00:50:06Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:46:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-9871"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cvereveal/CVEs/tree/master/CVE-2019-9871"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.nccst.nat.gov.tw"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-75HX-XJ24-MQRW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-10 20:59 – Updated: 2026-04-10 20:59Summary
Several HTTP transport endpoints in n8n-mcp lacked proper authentication, and the health check endpoint exposed sensitive operational metadata without credentials.
Impact
An unauthenticated attacker with network access to the n8n-mcp HTTP server could disrupt active MCP sessions and gather information useful for further attacks.
Patches
Fixed in v2.47.6. All MCP session endpoints now require Bearer authentication. The health check endpoint has been reduced to a minimal liveness response.
Workarounds
If you cannot upgrade immediately:
- Restrict network access to the HTTP server using firewall rules, reverse proxy IP allowlists, or a VPN so that only trusted clients can reach it.
- Use stdio mode (
MCP_MODE=stdio) instead of HTTP mode. The stdio transport does not expose any HTTP endpoints and is unaffected by this vulnerability.
Upgrading to v2.47.6 is still strongly recommended.
Credit
Reported by @yotampe-pluto.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.47.5"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "n8n-mcp"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.47.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-10T20:59:58Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Summary\n\nSeveral HTTP transport endpoints in n8n-mcp lacked proper authentication, and the health check endpoint exposed sensitive operational metadata without credentials.\n\n### Impact\n\nAn unauthenticated attacker with network access to the n8n-mcp HTTP server could disrupt active MCP sessions and gather information useful for further attacks.\n\n### Patches\n\nFixed in **v2.47.6**. All MCP session endpoints now require Bearer authentication. The health check endpoint has been reduced to a minimal liveness response.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nIf you cannot upgrade immediately:\n\n- **Restrict network access** to the HTTP server using firewall rules, reverse proxy IP allowlists, or a VPN so that only trusted clients can reach it.\n- **Use stdio mode** (`MCP_MODE=stdio`) instead of HTTP mode. The stdio transport does not expose any HTTP endpoints and is unaffected by this vulnerability.\n\nUpgrading to v2.47.6 is still strongly recommended.\n\n### Credit\n\nReported by @yotampe-pluto.",
"id": "GHSA-75hx-xj24-mqrw",
"modified": "2026-04-10T20:59:58Z",
"published": "2026-04-10T20:59:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/czlonkowski/n8n-mcp/security/advisories/GHSA-75hx-xj24-mqrw"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/czlonkowski/n8n-mcp/commit/ca9d4b3df6419b8338983be98f7940400f78bde3"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/czlonkowski/n8n-mcp"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/czlonkowski/n8n-mcp/releases/tag/v2.47.6"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "n8n-mcp has unauthenticated session termination and information disclosure in HTTP transport"
}
GHSA-75MC-3PJC-727Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-13 13:35 – Updated: 2024-11-22 18:14Impact
In Nautobot 1.x and 2.0.x, the URLs /files/get/?name=... and /files/download/?name=... are used to provide admin access to files that have been uploaded as part of a run request for a Job that has FileVar inputs. Under normal operation these files are ephemeral and are deleted once the Job in question runs.
It was reported by @kircheneer that in the default implementation used in Nautobot, as provided by django-db-file-storage, these URLs do not by default require any user authentication to access; they should instead be restricted to only users who have permissions to view Nautobot's FileProxy model instances.
Note that no URL mechanism is provided for listing or traversal of the available file name values, so in practice an unauthenticated user would have to guess names to discover arbitrary files for download, but if a user knows the file name/path value, they can access it without authenticating, so we are considering this a vulnerability.
Patches
Fixes will be included in Nautobot 1.6.7 and Nautobot 2.0.6.
Workarounds
No workaround other than applying the patches included in https://github.com/nautobot/nautobot/pull/4959/files (2.0.x) or https://github.com/nautobot/nautobot/pull/4964/files (1.6.x)
References
- https://github.com/victor-o-silva/db_file_storage/blob/master/db_file_storage/views.py
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "nautobot"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.1.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.6.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "nautobot"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.0.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-50263"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-200",
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-12-13T13:35:48Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-12-12T23:15:07Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\n In Nautobot 1.x and 2.0.x, the URLs `/files/get/?name=...` and `/files/download/?name=...` are used to provide admin access to files that have been uploaded as part of a run request for a Job that has FileVar inputs. Under normal operation these files are ephemeral and are deleted once the Job in question runs. \n\nIt was reported by @kircheneer that in the default implementation used in Nautobot, as provided by `django-db-file-storage`, these URLs do not by default require any user authentication to access; they should instead be restricted to only users who have permissions to view Nautobot\u0027s `FileProxy` model instances.\n\nNote that no URL mechanism is provided for listing or traversal of the available file `name` values, so in practice an unauthenticated user would have to guess names to discover arbitrary files for download, but if a user knows the file name/path value, they can access it without authenticating, so we are considering this a vulnerability.\n\n### Patches\n\nFixes will be included in Nautobot 1.6.7 and Nautobot 2.0.6.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nNo workaround other than applying the patches included in https://github.com/nautobot/nautobot/pull/4959/files (2.0.x) or https://github.com/nautobot/nautobot/pull/4964/files (1.6.x)\n\n### References\n\n- https://github.com/victor-o-silva/db_file_storage/blob/master/db_file_storage/views.py",
"id": "GHSA-75mc-3pjc-727q",
"modified": "2024-11-22T18:14:45Z",
"published": "2023-12-13T13:35:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nautobot/nautobot/security/advisories/GHSA-75mc-3pjc-727q"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-50263"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nautobot/nautobot/pull/4959"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nautobot/nautobot/pull/4964"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nautobot/nautobot/commit/458280c359a4833a20da294eaf4b8d55edc91cee"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nautobot/nautobot/commit/5e2ba9e8ac0840b1c44eb1a8ea3c0bd2c68e4f80"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nautobot/nautobot/commit/7c4cf3137f45f1541f09f2f6a7f8850cd3a2eaee"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/nautobot/nautobot"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/nautobot/PYSEC-2023-286.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/victor-o-silva/db_file_storage/blob/master/db_file_storage/views.py"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Unauthenticated db-file-storage views"
}
GHSA-75MV-RW9X-9FVF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-31 09:30 – Updated: 2024-10-31 09:30The Get Quote For Woocommerce – Request A Quote For Woocommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of Quote data due to a missing capability check on the ct_tepfw_wp_loaded function in all versions up to, and including, 1.0.0. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to download Quote PDF and CSV documents.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-9430"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-31T07:15:03Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Get Quote For Woocommerce \u2013 Request A Quote For Woocommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of Quote data due to a missing capability check on the ct_tepfw_wp_loaded function in all versions up to, and including, 1.0.0. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to download Quote PDF and CSV documents.",
"id": "GHSA-75mv-rw9x-9fvf",
"modified": "2024-10-31T09:30:42Z",
"published": "2024-10-31T09:30:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-9430"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/get-a-quote-for-woocommerce/trunk/includes/admin/class-ct-rfq-admin.php"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/4d0a0aa7-7bd9-4883-85b6-b7abf338aa75?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-75VJ-36GH-8X22
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-07 03:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:37The Wordable plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authentication bypass in versions up to, and including, 3.1.1. This is due to the use of a user supplied hashing algorithm passed to the hash_hmac() function and the use of a loose comparison on the hash which allows an attacker to trick the function into thinking it has a valid hash. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to gain administrator privileges.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-36724"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-288",
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-07T02:15:12Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The Wordable plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authentication bypass in versions up to, and including, 3.1.1. This is due to the use of a user supplied hashing algorithm passed to the hash_hmac() function and the use of a loose comparison on the hash which allows an attacker to trick the function into thinking it has a valid hash. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to gain administrator privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-75vj-36gh-8x22",
"modified": "2024-04-04T04:37:54Z",
"published": "2023-06-07T03:30:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-36724"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blog.nintechnet.com/wordpress-plugins-and-themes-vulnerabilities-roundup"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/2234193/wordable/trunk/wordable.php"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/be1ab218-37bd-407a-8cb9-66f761849c21?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
- Divide the software into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Identify which of these areas require a proven user identity, and use a centralized authentication capability.
- Identify all potential communication channels, or other means of interaction with the software, to ensure that all channels are appropriately protected, including those channels that are assumed to be accessible only by authorized parties. Developers sometimes perform authentication at the primary channel, but open up a secondary channel that is assumed to be private. For example, a login mechanism may be listening on one network port, but after successful authentication, it may open up a second port where it waits for the connection, but avoids authentication because it assumes that only the authenticated party will connect to the port.
- In general, if the software or protocol allows a single session or user state to persist across multiple connections or channels, authentication and appropriate credential management need to be used throughout.
Mitigation MIT-15
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Mitigation
- Where possible, avoid implementing custom, "grow-your-own" authentication routines and consider using authentication capabilities as provided by the surrounding framework, operating system, or environment. These capabilities may avoid common weaknesses that are unique to authentication; support automatic auditing and tracking; and make it easier to provide a clear separation between authentication tasks and authorization tasks.
- In environments such as the World Wide Web, the line between authentication and authorization is sometimes blurred. If custom authentication routines are required instead of those provided by the server, then these routines must be applied to every single page, since these pages could be requested directly.
Mitigation MIT-4.5
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, consider using libraries with authentication capabilities such as OpenSSL or the ESAPI Authenticator [REF-45].
Mitigation
When storing data in the cloud (e.g., S3 buckets, Azure blobs, Google Cloud Storage, etc.), use the provider's controls to require strong authentication for users who should be allowed to access the data [REF-1297] [REF-1298] [REF-1302].
CAPEC-12: Choosing Message Identifier
This pattern of attack is defined by the selection of messages distributed via multicast or public information channels that are intended for another client by determining the parameter value assigned to that client. This attack allows the adversary to gain access to potentially privileged information, and to possibly perpetrate other attacks through the distribution means by impersonation. If the channel/message being manipulated is an input rather than output mechanism for the system, (such as a command bus), this style of attack could be used to change the adversary's identifier to more a privileged one.
CAPEC-166: Force the System to Reset Values
An attacker forces the target into a previous state in order to leverage potential weaknesses in the target dependent upon a prior configuration or state-dependent factors. Even in cases where an attacker may not be able to directly control the configuration of the targeted application, they may be able to reset the configuration to a prior state since many applications implement reset functions.
CAPEC-216: Communication Channel Manipulation
An adversary manipulates a setting or parameter on communications channel in order to compromise its security. This can result in information exposure, insertion/removal of information from the communications stream, and/or potentially system compromise.
CAPEC-36: Using Unpublished Interfaces or Functionality
An adversary searches for and invokes interfaces or functionality that the target system designers did not intend to be publicly available. If interfaces fail to authenticate requests, the attacker may be able to invoke functionality they are not authorized for.
CAPEC-62: Cross Site Request Forgery
An attacker crafts malicious web links and distributes them (via web pages, email, etc.), typically in a targeted manner, hoping to induce users to click on the link and execute the malicious action against some third-party application. If successful, the action embedded in the malicious link will be processed and accepted by the targeted application with the users' privilege level. This type of attack leverages the persistence and implicit trust placed in user session cookies by many web applications today. In such an architecture, once the user authenticates to an application and a session cookie is created on the user's system, all following transactions for that session are authenticated using that cookie including potential actions initiated by an attacker and simply "riding" the existing session cookie.