CWE-294
AllowedAuthentication Bypass by Capture-replay
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
A capture-replay flaw exists when the design of the product makes it possible for a malicious user to sniff network traffic and bypass authentication by replaying it to the server in question to the same effect as the original message (or with minor changes).
425 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-5PP6-8JJ7-4Q6Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-16 15:30 – Updated: 2026-03-31 03:31Authentication bypass by replay in Smart Switch prior to version 3.7.69.15 allows remote attackers to trigger privileged functions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-20999"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-294"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-16T14:18:10Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Authentication bypass by replay in Smart Switch prior to version 3.7.69.15 allows remote attackers to trigger privileged functions.",
"id": "GHSA-5pp6-8jj7-4q6q",
"modified": "2026-03-31T03:31:25Z",
"published": "2026-03-16T15:30:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-20999"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.samsungmobile.com/serviceWeb.smsb?year=2026\u0026month=03"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-5PR6-W68J-VGJ8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:39 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:39In SOOIL Developments Co., Ltd Diabecare RS, AnyDana-i and AnyDana-A, the communication protocol of the insulin pump and its AnyDana-i and AnyDana-A mobile applications lacks replay protection measures, which allows unauthenticated, physically proximate attackers to replay communication sequences via Bluetooth Low Energy.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-27269"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-294"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-01-19T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In SOOIL Developments Co., Ltd Diabecare RS, AnyDana-i and AnyDana-A, the communication protocol of the insulin pump and its AnyDana-i and AnyDana-A mobile applications lacks replay protection measures, which allows unauthenticated, physically proximate attackers to replay communication sequences via Bluetooth Low Energy.",
"id": "GHSA-5pr6-w68j-vgj8",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:39:27Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:39:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-27269"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsma-21-012-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-5PWG-WH3J-76J8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-21 00:30 – Updated: 2025-11-21 00:30Azure Bastion Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-49752"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-294"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-20T23:15:51Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Azure Bastion Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-5pwg-wh3j-76j8",
"modified": "2025-11-21T00:30:22Z",
"published": "2025-11-21T00:30:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-49752"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-49752"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5R3F-3M3J-WCJ2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-03-30 00:00 – Updated: 2024-10-22 14:54An issue was discovered in SaltStack Salt in versions before 3002.8, 3003.4, 3004.1. Job publishes and file server replies are susceptible to replay attacks, which can result in an attacker replaying job publishes causing minions to run old jobs. File server replies can also be re-played. A sufficient craft attacker could gain root access on minion under certain scenarios.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "salt"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "3002.8"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "salt"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3003"
},
{
"fixed": "3003.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "salt"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3004"
},
{
"fixed": "3004.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-22936"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-294"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-04-22T21:14:00Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-03-29T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in SaltStack Salt in versions before 3002.8, 3003.4, 3004.1. Job publishes and file server replies are susceptible to replay attacks, which can result in an attacker replaying job publishes causing minions to run old jobs. File server replies can also be re-played. A sufficient craft attacker could gain root access on minion under certain scenarios.",
"id": "GHSA-5r3f-3m3j-wcj2",
"modified": "2024-10-22T14:54:47Z",
"published": "2022-03-30T00:00:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-22936"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/salt/PYSEC-2022-173.yaml"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/saltstack/salt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/saltstack/salt/blob/8f9405cf8e6f7d7776d5000841c886dec6d96250/doc/topics/releases/3002.8.rst#L31"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/saltstack/salt/blob/8f9405cf8e6f7d7776d5000841c886dec6d96250/doc/topics/releases/3003.4.rst#L32"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/saltstack/salt/blob/8f9405cf8e6f7d7776d5000841c886dec6d96250/doc/topics/releases/3004.1.rst#L30"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/saltstack/salt/releases"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://repo.saltproject.io"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://saltproject.io/security_announcements/salt-security-advisory-release"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202310-22"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "SaltStack Salt Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay"
}
GHSA-5RG2-32X4-8GCX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-20 18:32 – Updated: 2024-11-20 21:30In the development options section of the Settings app, there is a possible authentication bypass due to a missing permission check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-9477"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-294",
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-20T18:15:19Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the development options section of the Settings app, there is a possible authentication bypass due to a missing permission check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.",
"id": "GHSA-5rg2-32x4-8gcx",
"modified": "2024-11-20T21:30:49Z",
"published": "2024-11-20T18:32:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-9477"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2018-09-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5RQ4-C346-F9JQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-25 18:30 – Updated: 2024-12-25 18:30Dell ECS, version(s) prior to ECS 3.8.1.3, contain(s) an Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay vulnerability. A low privileged attacker with remote access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to Session theft.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-52534"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-294"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-25T16:15:21Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Dell ECS, version(s) prior to ECS 3.8.1.3, contain(s) an Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay vulnerability. A low privileged attacker with remote access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to Session theft.",
"id": "GHSA-5rq4-c346-f9jq",
"modified": "2024-12-25T18:30:45Z",
"published": "2024-12-25T18:30:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-52534"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-us/000256642/dsa-2024-483-security-update-for-dell-ecs-multiple-vulnerabilities"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5V69-G2M3-3HQ3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-03 21:31 – Updated: 2026-09-01 17:23Gitea versions before 1.25.5 do not consistently enforce OAuth2 authorization code expiry and single-use behavior during token exchange.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "code.gitea.io/gitea"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.25.5"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-26232"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-294"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-09-01T17:23:13Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-03T21:16:58Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Gitea versions before 1.25.5 do not consistently enforce OAuth2 authorization code expiry and single-use behavior during token exchange.",
"id": "GHSA-5v69-g2m3-3hq3",
"modified": "2026-09-01T17:23:13Z",
"published": "2026-07-03T21:31:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-26232"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/36797"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/36851"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/commit/413074b1e1dc5718b4865b9493d8cc97e1e128de"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/commit/f3bdcc58aff60b66eba7bd5e9b23457441733dfe"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blog.gitea.com/release-of-1.25.5"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/releases/tag/v1.25.5"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Gitea OAuth2 authorization codes can be reused after expiry"
}
GHSA-5V72-37VR-WHGX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:47 – Updated: 2024-04-04 00:53Gemalto DS3 Authentication Server 2.6.1-SP01 has Broken Access Control.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-9158"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-294"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-06-05T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Gemalto DS3 Authentication Server 2.6.1-SP01 has Broken Access Control.",
"id": "GHSA-5v72-37vr-whgx",
"modified": "2024-04-04T00:53:08Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:47:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-9158"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.sec-consult.com/en/vulnerability-lab/advisories/index.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2019/May/6"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5X52-2MC2-4JQR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-08 15:31 – Updated: 2026-09-09 03:30XenForo before 2.3.13 contains a refresh token replay vulnerability that allows attackers to reuse a refresh token multiple times by exploiting the failure to mark tokens as consumed when the parent access token has expired. Attackers can repeatedly submit the same refresh token to generate additional independent token pairs, achieving persistent unauthorized access for the token's full lifetime.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-73312"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-294"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-08T14:17:25Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "XenForo before 2.3.13 contains a refresh token replay vulnerability that allows attackers to reuse a refresh token multiple times by exploiting the failure to mark tokens as consumed when the parent access token has expired. Attackers can repeatedly submit the same refresh token to generate additional independent token pairs, achieving persistent unauthorized access for the token\u0027s full lifetime.",
"id": "GHSA-5x52-2mc2-4jqr",
"modified": "2026-09-09T03:30:36Z",
"published": "2026-09-08T15:31:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-73312"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bombobombone.github.io/posts/cve-2026-73312"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/BomboBombone/CVE-2026-73312"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/xenforo-refresh-token-replay-via-expired-access-token"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://xenforo.com/community/threads/security-fixes-released-for-all-xenforo-and-media-gallery-versions-2-2-0-2-3-12.239856"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://xenforo.com/community/threads/xenforo-2-3-13-and-add-ons-released-includes-security-fixes.239857"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-5X87-GF34-8WW7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-20 18:30 – Updated: 2026-08-20 18:30Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay vulnerability in dropbox samly allows an attacker to authenticate as the subject of a captured SAML assertion by resubmitting it.
Samly.Helper.decode_idp_auth_resp/3 in lib/samly/helper.ex calls esaml_sp:validate_assertion/2, whose default duplicate detector is a no-op. The /3 arity accepting a DuplicateFun exists in esaml and implements the check, but Samly never calls it and offers no configuration to supply one, so the SAML 2.0 Web Browser SSO Profile requirement that a bearer assertion be used once is unenforced. An attacker holding a valid SAMLResponse obtained from the network, from browser history, or from logs can submit the identical bytes repeatedly until the assertion's NotOnOrAfter passes, each time establishing a session as the assertion's subject.
This issue affects samly: from v0.3.0 onward.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-53424"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-294"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-20T18:16:27Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay vulnerability in dropbox samly allows an attacker to authenticate as the subject of a captured SAML assertion by resubmitting it.\n\nSamly.Helper.decode_idp_auth_resp/3 in lib/samly/helper.ex calls esaml_sp:validate_assertion/2, whose default duplicate detector is a no-op. The /3 arity accepting a DuplicateFun exists in esaml and implements the check, but Samly never calls it and offers no configuration to supply one, so the SAML 2.0 Web Browser SSO Profile requirement that a bearer assertion be used once is unenforced. An attacker holding a valid SAMLResponse obtained from the network, from browser history, or from logs can submit the identical bytes repeatedly until the assertion\u0027s NotOnOrAfter passes, each time establishing a session as the assertion\u0027s subject.\n\nThis issue affects samly: from v0.3.0 onward.",
"id": "GHSA-5x87-gf34-8ww7",
"modified": "2026-08-20T18:30:59Z",
"published": "2026-08-20T18:30:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-53424"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-53424.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-53424"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Utilize some sequence or time stamping functionality along with a checksum which takes this into account in order to ensure that messages can be parsed only once.
Mitigation
Since any attacker who can listen to traffic can see sequence numbers, it is necessary to sign messages with some kind of cryptography to ensure that sequence numbers are not simply doctored along with content.
CAPEC-102: Session Sidejacking
Session sidejacking takes advantage of an unencrypted communication channel between a victim and target system. The attacker sniffs traffic on a network looking for session tokens in unencrypted traffic. Once a session token is captured, the attacker performs malicious actions by using the stolen token with the targeted application to impersonate the victim. This attack is a specific method of session hijacking, which is exploiting a valid session token to gain unauthorized access to a target system or information. Other methods to perform a session hijacking are session fixation, cross-site scripting, or compromising a user or server machine and stealing the session token.
CAPEC-509: Kerberoasting
Through the exploitation of how service accounts leverage Kerberos authentication with Service Principal Names (SPNs), the adversary obtains and subsequently cracks the hashed credentials of a service account target to exploit its privileges. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. As an authenticated user, the adversary may request Active Directory and obtain a service ticket with portions encrypted via RC4 with the private key of the authenticated account. By extracting the local ticket and saving it disk, the adversary can brute force the hashed value to reveal the target account credentials.
CAPEC-555: Remote Services with Stolen Credentials
This pattern of attack involves an adversary that uses stolen credentials to leverage remote services such as RDP, telnet, SSH, and VNC to log into a system. Once access is gained, any number of malicious activities could be performed.
CAPEC-561: Windows Admin Shares with Stolen Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows administrator credentials (e.g. userID/password) to access Windows Admin Shares on a local machine or within a Windows domain.
CAPEC-60: Reusing Session IDs (aka Session Replay)
This attack targets the reuse of valid session ID to spoof the target system in order to gain privileges. The attacker tries to reuse a stolen session ID used previously during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking. Another name for this type of attack is Session Replay.
CAPEC-644: Use of Captured Hashes (Pass The Hash)
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows domain credential hash values to access systems within the domain that leverage the Lan Man (LM) and/or NT Lan Man (NTLM) authentication protocols.
CAPEC-645: Use of Captured Tickets (Pass The Ticket)
An adversary uses stolen Kerberos tickets to access systems/resources that leverage the Kerberos authentication protocol. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. An adversary can obtain any one of these tickets (e.g. Service Ticket, Ticket Granting Ticket, Silver Ticket, or Golden Ticket) to authenticate to a system/resource without needing the account's credentials. Depending on the ticket obtained, the adversary may be able to access a particular resource or generate TGTs for any account within an Active Directory Domain.
CAPEC-652: Use of Known Kerberos Credentials
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Kerberos credentials (e.g. Kerberos service account userID/password or Kerberos Tickets) with the goal of achieving authenticated access to additional systems, applications, or services within the domain.
CAPEC-701: Browser in the Middle (BiTM)
An adversary exploits the inherent functionalities of a web browser, in order to establish an unnoticed remote desktop connection in the victim's browser to the adversary's system. The adversary must deploy a web client with a remote desktop session that the victim can access.
CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)
An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.