Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-287

Discouraged

Improper Authentication

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.

5984 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-RJ3C-33C5-42HM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:16 – Updated: 2022-05-17 04:16
VLAI
Details

The user_ldap (aka LDAP user and group backend) application in ownCloud before 5.0.18, 6.x before 6.0.6, and 7.x before 7.0.3 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication via a null byte in the password and a valid user name, which triggers an unauthenticated bind.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2014-9043"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2015-02-04T18:59:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The user_ldap (aka LDAP user and group backend) application in ownCloud before 5.0.18, 6.x before 6.0.6, and 7.x before 7.0.3 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication via a null byte in the password and a valid user name, which triggers an unauthenticated bind.",
  "id": "GHSA-rj3c-33c5-42hm",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T04:16:31Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T04:16:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-9043"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://owncloud.org/security/advisory/?id=oc-sa-2014-020"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-RJ46-7436-JJGQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-16 00:00 – Updated: 2022-06-25 00:00
VLAI
Details

In setScanMode of AdapterService.java, there is a possible way to enable Bluetooth discovery mode without user interaction due to a missing permission check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10 Android-11 Android-12 Android-12LAndroid ID: A-203431023

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-20126"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-06-15T13:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In setScanMode of AdapterService.java, there is a possible way to enable Bluetooth discovery mode without user interaction due to a missing permission check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10 Android-11 Android-12 Android-12LAndroid ID: A-203431023",
  "id": "GHSA-rj46-7436-jjgq",
  "modified": "2022-06-25T00:00:55Z",
  "published": "2022-06-16T00:00:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-20126"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2022-06-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-RJ78-2FM5-WRFP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-10 21:30 – Updated: 2023-01-14 06:30
VLAI
Details

An authentication bypass vulnerability exists in the get_IFTTTTtoken.cgi functionality of Asus RT-AX82U 3.0.0.4.386_49674-ge182230. A specially-crafted HTTP request can lead to full administrative access to the device. An attacker would need to send a series of HTTP requests to exploit this vulnerability.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-35401"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287",
      "CWE-324"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-01-10T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An authentication bypass vulnerability exists in the get_IFTTTTtoken.cgi functionality of Asus RT-AX82U 3.0.0.4.386_49674-ge182230. A specially-crafted HTTP request can lead to full administrative access to the device. An attacker would need to send a series of HTTP requests to exploit this vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-rj78-2fm5-wrfp",
  "modified": "2023-01-14T06:30:29Z",
  "published": "2023-01-10T21:30:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-35401"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2022-1586"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-RJ8P-8V83-QRR3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:46 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:46
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered in Devolutions Server before 2020.3. There is Broken Authentication with Windows domain users.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-23923"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-04-01T22:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in Devolutions Server before 2020.3. There is Broken Authentication with Windows domain users.",
  "id": "GHSA-rj8p-8v83-qrr3",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:46:25Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:46:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-23923"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://devolutions.net/security/advisories/devo-2021-0002"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-RJFQ-MP68-V4F7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-17 15:34 – Updated: 2025-12-17 15:34
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability in the application software of multiple Radiometer products may allow remote code execution and unauthorized device management when specific internal conditions are met. Exploitation requires that a remote connection is established with additional information obtained through other means. The issue is caused by a weakness in the analyzer’s application software.                                                                                                                                                                                                Other related CVE's are CVE-2025-14095 & CVE-2025-14096.                                                                                                      Affected customers have been informed about this vulnerability. This CVE is being published to provide transparency.

Required Configuration for Exposure: Affected application software version is in use and remote support feature is enabled in the analyzer.                                                                                                                                                                        Temporary work Around: If the network is not considered secure, please remove the analyzer from the network.                         Permanent solution: Customers should ensure the following: • The network is secure, and access follows best practices. Local Radiometer representatives will contact all affected customers to discuss a permanent solution.                                                      Exploit Status:

Researchers have provided working proof-of-concept (PoC). Radiometer is not aware of any publicly available exploits at the time of this publication.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-14097"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-17T13:15:58Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability in the application software of multiple Radiometer products may allow remote code execution and unauthorized device management when specific internal conditions are met. Exploitation requires that a remote connection is established with additional information obtained through other means.  The issue is caused by a weakness in the analyzer\u2019s application software.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Other related CVE\u0027s are CVE-2025-14095 \u0026 CVE-2025-14096.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Affected customers have been informed about this vulnerability. This CVE is being published to provide transparency.\n\n\n\nRequired Configuration for Exposure:\u00a0Affected application software version is in use and remote support feature is enabled in the analyzer.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Temporary work Around: If the network is not considered secure, please remove the analyzer from the network.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Permanent solution:\nCustomers should ensure the following:\n\u2022  The network is secure, and access follows best practices.\nLocal Radiometer representatives will contact all affected customers to discuss a permanent solution.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\nExploit Status:\n\n\nResearchers have provided working proof-of-concept (PoC). Radiometer is not aware of any publicly available exploits at the time of this publication.",
  "id": "GHSA-rjfq-mp68-v4f7",
  "modified": "2025-12-17T15:34:53Z",
  "published": "2025-12-17T15:34:53Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-14097"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.radiometer.com/myradiometer"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-RJFQ-P48J-H96H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-24 15:31 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:33
VLAI
Details

Remote command execution due to use of default passwords. The following products are affected: Acronis Cyber Infrastructure (ACI) before build 5.0.1-61, Acronis Cyber Infrastructure (ACI) before build 5.1.1-71, Acronis Cyber Infrastructure (ACI) before build 5.2.1-69, Acronis Cyber Infrastructure (ACI) before build 5.3.1-53, Acronis Cyber Infrastructure (ACI) before build 5.4.4-132.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-45249"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1393",
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-07-24T14:15:04Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Remote command execution due to use of default passwords. The following products are affected: Acronis Cyber Infrastructure (ACI) before build 5.0.1-61, Acronis Cyber Infrastructure (ACI) before build 5.1.1-71, Acronis Cyber Infrastructure (ACI) before build 5.2.1-69, Acronis Cyber Infrastructure (ACI) before build 5.3.1-53, Acronis Cyber Infrastructure (ACI) before build 5.4.4-132.",
  "id": "GHSA-rjfq-p48j-h96h",
  "modified": "2025-10-22T00:33:04Z",
  "published": "2024-07-24T15:31:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-45249"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security-advisory.acronis.com/advisories/SEC-6452"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2023-45249"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.securityweek.com/acronis-product-vulnerability-exploited-in-the-wild"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-RJG6-F836-FCPW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:52 – Updated: 2024-04-04 01:34
VLAI
Details

NVIDIA Shield TV Experience prior to v8.0, NVIDIA Tegra bootloader contains a vulnerability in nvtboot where the Trusted OS image is improperly authenticated, which may lead to code execution, denial of service, escalation of privileges, and information disclosure, code execution, denial of service, or escalation of privileges

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-5679"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-08-06T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "NVIDIA Shield TV Experience prior to v8.0, NVIDIA Tegra bootloader contains a vulnerability in nvtboot where the Trusted OS image is improperly authenticated, which may lead to code execution, denial of service, escalation of privileges, and information disclosure, code execution, denial of service, or escalation of privileges",
  "id": "GHSA-rjg6-f836-fcpw",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T01:34:08Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:52:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-5679"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://nvidia.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/4804"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-RJG7-W27J-Q4VJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-15 18:31 – Updated: 2025-04-15 21:31
VLAI
Details

In JotUrl 2.0, is possible to bypass security requirements during the password change process.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-24949"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-15T16:16:05Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In JotUrl 2.0, is possible to bypass security requirements during the password change process.",
  "id": "GHSA-rjg7-w27j-q4vj",
  "modified": "2025-04-15T21:31:42Z",
  "published": "2025-04-15T18:31:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-24949"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.gruppotim.it/it/footer/red-team.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-RJGC-C55X-9463

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 05:11 – Updated: 2022-05-17 05:11
VLAI
Details

The auth-proxy functionality in Cisco Firewall Services Module (FWSM) software 3.1 and 3.2 before 3.2(20.1), 4.0 before 4.0(15.2), and 4.1 before 4.1(5.1) allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (device reload) via a crafted URL, aka Bug ID CSCtg02624.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2013-1155"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2013-04-11T10:55:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The auth-proxy functionality in Cisco Firewall Services Module (FWSM) software 3.1 and 3.2 before 3.2(20.1), 4.0 before 4.0(15.2), and 4.1 before 4.1(5.1) allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (device reload) via a crafted URL, aka Bug ID CSCtg02624.",
  "id": "GHSA-rjgc-c55x-9463",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T05:11:40Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T05:11:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-1155"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20130410-fwsm"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-RJQM-QFJG-658J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:37 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:37
VLAI
Details

An Improper Authentication issue was discovered in Ctek SkyRouter Series 4200 and 4400, all versions prior to V6.00.11. By accessing a specific uniform resource locator (URL) on the web server, a malicious user is able to access the application without authenticating.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-14000"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-10-05T01:29:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An Improper Authentication issue was discovered in Ctek SkyRouter Series 4200 and 4400, all versions prior to V6.00.11. By accessing a specific uniform resource locator (URL) on the web server, a malicious user is able to access the application without authenticating.",
  "id": "GHSA-rjqm-qfjg-658j",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:37:41Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:37:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-14000"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-17-264-02"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/100953"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.

CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse

An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.

CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass

An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.

CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing

Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.

CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data

An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.

CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client

An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.

CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data

This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.

CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking

This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.

CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.

CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server

By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.

CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)

An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.