Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-287

Discouraged

Improper Authentication

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.

5954 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-J84C-J8QM-G47R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2018-10-17 17:21 – Updated: 2022-04-27 13:41
VLAI
Summary
The Admin UI in Apache Ranger before 0.5.1 does not properly handle authentication requests that lack a password
Details

The Admin UI in Apache Ranger before 0.5.1 does not properly handle authentication requests that lack a password, which allows remote attackers to bypass authentication by leveraging knowledge of a valid username.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.apache.ranger:ranger"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.5.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2016-0733"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2020-06-16T21:42:33Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "The Admin UI in Apache Ranger before 0.5.1 does not properly handle authentication requests that lack a password, which allows remote attackers to bypass authentication by leveraging knowledge of a valid username.",
  "id": "GHSA-j84c-j8qm-g47r",
  "modified": "2022-04-27T13:41:39Z",
  "published": "2018-10-17T17:21:11Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-0733"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/RANGER/Vulnerabilities+found+in+Ranger"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-j84c-j8qm-g47r"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/RANGER-835"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/ranger-dev/201602.mbox/%3CD2D9A4C5.114ECA%25vel@apache.org%3E"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/82871"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "The Admin UI in Apache Ranger before 0.5.1 does not properly handle authentication requests that lack a password"
}

GHSA-J85X-F44Q-JM53

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:02 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:02
VLAI
Details

The "remember me" functionality in login.php in Burden before 1.8.1 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and gain privileges by setting the burden_user_rememberme cookie to 1.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2013-7137"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2014-01-26T01:55:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "The \"remember me\" functionality in login.php in Burden before 1.8.1 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and gain privileges by setting the burden_user_rememberme cookie to 1.",
  "id": "GHSA-j85x-f44q-jm53",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:02:45Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:02:45Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-7137"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/joshf/Burden/issues/2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/joshf/Burden/commit/edaa1bb8f73d6f3c8b2e78b67f1b40e02fccd0c1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/joshf/Burden/releases/tag/1.8.1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.htbridge.com/advisory/HTB23192"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/30916"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/530703/100/0/threaded"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-J872-HJ4C-MQF5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:18 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:18
VLAI
Details

The verifyProof function in the Token Processing System (TPS) component in Red Hat Certificate System (RHCS) 7.1 through 7.3 and Dogtag Certificate System 1.0 returns successfully even when token enrollment did not use the hardware key, which allows remote authenticated users with enrollment privileges to bypass intended authentication policies by performing enrollment with a software key.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2008-5082"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2009-01-30T19:30:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The verifyProof function in the Token Processing System (TPS) component in Red Hat Certificate System (RHCS) 7.1 through 7.3 and Dogtag Certificate System 1.0 returns successfully even when token enrollment did not use the hardware key, which allows remote authenticated users with enrollment privileges to bypass intended authentication policies by performing enrollment with a software key.",
  "id": "GHSA-j872-hj4c-mqf5",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T02:18:12Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T02:18:12Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-5082"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=475998"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/48331"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2009-0007.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/33693"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/33508"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2009/0145"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-J885-V5W5-36PC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:35 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:35
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been identified in Firmware variant PROFINET IO for EN100 Ethernet module : All versions < V1.04.01; Firmware variant Modbus TCP for EN100 Ethernet module : All versions < V1.11.00; Firmware variant DNP3 TCP for EN100 Ethernet module : All versions < V1.03; Firmware variant IEC 104 for EN100 Ethernet module : All versions < V1.21; EN100 Ethernet module included in SIPROTEC Merging Unit 6MU80 : All versions < 1.02.02. Attackers with network access to the device's web interface (port 80/tcp) could possibly circumvent authentication and perform certain administrative operations.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2016-7112"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2016-09-06T00:59:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been identified in Firmware variant PROFINET IO for EN100 Ethernet module : All versions \u003c V1.04.01; Firmware variant Modbus TCP for EN100 Ethernet module : All versions \u003c V1.11.00; Firmware variant DNP3 TCP for EN100 Ethernet module : All versions \u003c V1.03; Firmware variant IEC 104 for EN100 Ethernet module : All versions \u003c V1.21; EN100 Ethernet module included in SIPROTEC Merging Unit 6MU80 : All versions \u003c 1.02.02. Attackers with network access to the device\u0027s web interface (port 80/tcp) could possibly circumvent authentication and perform certain administrative operations.",
  "id": "GHSA-j885-v5w5-36pc",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T03:35:57Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T03:35:57Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-7112"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-17-187-03"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.siemens.com/cert/pool/cert/siemens_security_advisory_SSA-323211.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/92747"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/99471"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.siemens.com/cert/pool/cert/siemens_security_advisory_ssa-630413.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-J89V-WM7X-4434

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-27 21:30 – Updated: 2023-10-27 21:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in ColumbiaSoft Document Locator. This affects an unknown part of the file /api/authentication/login of the component WebTools. The manipulation of the argument Server leads to improper authentication. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. Upgrading to version 7.2 SP4 and 2021.1 is able to address this issue. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The identifier VDB-243729 was assigned to this vulnerability.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-5830"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-10-27T21:15:10Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in ColumbiaSoft Document Locator. This affects an unknown part of the file /api/authentication/login of the component WebTools. The manipulation of the argument Server leads to improper authentication. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. Upgrading to version 7.2 SP4 and 2021.1 is able to address this issue. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The identifier VDB-243729 was assigned to this vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-j89v-wm7x-4434",
  "modified": "2023-10-27T21:30:24Z",
  "published": "2023-10-27T21:30:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-5830"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.243729"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.243729"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-J8C5-63VQ-FHWP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-04 21:32 – Updated: 2024-06-04 21:32
VLAI
Details

Broken Authentication vulnerability in SoftLab Integrate Google Drive.This issue affects Integrate Google Drive: from n/a through 1.3.93.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-35670"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-06-04T19:20:08Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Broken Authentication vulnerability in SoftLab Integrate Google Drive.This issue affects Integrate Google Drive: from n/a through 1.3.93.",
  "id": "GHSA-j8c5-63vq-fhwp",
  "modified": "2024-06-04T21:32:19Z",
  "published": "2024-06-04T21:32:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-35670"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/integrate-google-drive/wordpress-integrate-google-drive-plugin-1-3-93-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-J8J8-348V-WFM3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2019-07-05 21:11 – Updated: 2024-10-25 21:17
VLAI
Summary
Python-saml allows manipulation of SAML data without invalidation of cryptographic signature
Details

OneLogin PythonSAML 2.3.0 and earlier may incorrectly utilize the results of XML DOM traversal and canonicalization APIs in such a way that an attacker may be able to manipulate the SAML data without invalidating the cryptographic signature, allowing the attack to potentially bypass authentication to SAML service providers.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "python-saml"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.4.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-11427"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2020-06-16T21:42:49Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "OneLogin PythonSAML 2.3.0 and earlier may incorrectly utilize the results of XML DOM traversal and canonicalization APIs in such a way that an attacker may be able to manipulate the SAML data without invalidating the cryptographic signature, allowing the attack to potentially bypass authentication to SAML service providers.",
  "id": "GHSA-j8j8-348v-wfm3",
  "modified": "2024-10-25T21:17:28Z",
  "published": "2019-07-05T21:11:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-11427"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/python-saml/commit/fad881b4432febea69d70691dfed51c93f0de10f"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://duo.com/blog/duo-finds-saml-vulnerabilities-affecting-multiple-implementations"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/python-saml"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-j8j8-348v-wfm3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/python-saml/PYSEC-2019-198.yaml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/475445"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Python-saml allows manipulation of SAML data without invalidation of cryptographic signature"
}

GHSA-J8J9-5CWH-936J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 01:31 – Updated: 2022-05-17 01:31
VLAI
Details

Session fixation vulnerability in IBM InfoSphere Master Data Management - Collaborative Edition 10.x before 10.1 IF5 and 11.0 before IF1 and InfoSphere Master Data Management Server for Product Information Management 9.x before 9.1 IF11 allows remote authenticated users to hijack web sessions via unspecified vectors.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2013-5426"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2013-12-19T22:55:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Session fixation vulnerability in IBM InfoSphere Master Data Management - Collaborative Edition 10.x before 10.1 IF5 and 11.0 before IF1 and InfoSphere Master Data Management Server for Product Information Management 9.x before 9.1 IF11 allows remote authenticated users to hijack web sessions via unspecified vectors.",
  "id": "GHSA-j8j9-5cwh-936j",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T01:31:47Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T01:31:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-5426"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/87535"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21660082"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-J8MM-8JP9-3F9F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-05 00:00 – Updated: 2022-07-13 00:01
VLAI
Details

TOTOLINK X5000R v9.1.0u.6118_B20201102 was discovered to use the HTTP protocol for authentication into the admin interface, allowing attackers to intercept user credentials via packet capture software.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-45735"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-02-04T02:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "TOTOLINK X5000R v9.1.0u.6118_B20201102 was discovered to use the HTTP protocol for authentication into the admin interface, allowing attackers to intercept user credentials via packet capture software.",
  "id": "GHSA-j8mm-8jp9-3f9f",
  "modified": "2022-07-13T00:01:51Z",
  "published": "2022-02-05T00:00:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-45735"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pjqwudi/my_vuln/blob/main/totolink/vuln_12/12.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-J8PX-QJM3-FX72

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:12 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:12
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered in Midnight Commander through 4.8.26. When establishing an SFTP connection, the fingerprint of the server is neither checked nor displayed. As a result, a user connects to the server without the ability to verify its authenticity.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-36370"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-08-30T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in Midnight Commander through 4.8.26. When establishing an SFTP connection, the fingerprint of the server is neither checked nor displayed. As a result, a user connects to the server without the ability to verify its authenticity.",
  "id": "GHSA-j8px-qjm3-fx72",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:12:26Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:12:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-36370"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.ssh-mitm.at/CVE-2021-36370.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/MidnightCommander/mc/blob/5c1d3c55dd15356ec7d079084d904b7b0fd58d3e/src/vfs/sftpfs/connection.c#L484"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/MidnightCommander/mc/blob/master/src/vfs/sftpfs/connection.c"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://mail.gnome.org/archives/mc-devel/2021-August/msg00008.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://midnight-commander.org"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://sourceforge.net/projects/mcwin32/files"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.

CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse

An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.

CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass

An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.

CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing

Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.

CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data

An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.

CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client

An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.

CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data

This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.

CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking

This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.

CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.

CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server

By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.

CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)

An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.