CWE-287
DiscouragedImproper Authentication
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.
5964 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-9VF8-XGWM-97R8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-20 12:32 – Updated: 2025-03-21 21:23In version v0.3.10 of open-webui/open-webui, the api/v1/utils/pdf endpoint lacks authentication mechanisms, allowing unauthenticated attackers to access the PDF generation service. This vulnerability can be exploited by sending a POST request with an excessively large payload, potentially leading to server resource exhaustion and denial of service (DoS). Additionally, unauthorized users can misuse the endpoint to generate PDFs without verification, resulting in service misuse and potential operational and financial impacts.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "open-webui"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "0.3.10"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-8053"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287",
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-03-21T21:23:57Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-20T10:15:39Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In version v0.3.10 of open-webui/open-webui, the `api/v1/utils/pdf` endpoint lacks authentication mechanisms, allowing unauthenticated attackers to access the PDF generation service. This vulnerability can be exploited by sending a POST request with an excessively large payload, potentially leading to server resource exhaustion and denial of service (DoS). Additionally, unauthorized users can misuse the endpoint to generate PDFs without verification, resulting in service misuse and potential operational and financial impacts.",
"id": "GHSA-9vf8-xgwm-97r8",
"modified": "2025-03-21T21:23:57Z",
"published": "2025-03-20T12:32:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-8053"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.com/bounties/ebe8c1fa-113b-4df9-be03-a406b9adb9f4"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Open WebUI lacks authentication for the `api/v1/utils/pdf` endpoint"
}
GHSA-9VFC-VF73-JGFM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:08 – Updated: 2022-06-29 00:00An issue was discovered in Motorola CX2 router CX 1.0.2 Build 20190508 Rel.97360n where authentication to download the Syslog could be bypassed.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-21934"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-07-21T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Motorola CX2 router CX 1.0.2 Build 20190508 Rel.97360n where authentication to download the Syslog could be bypassed.",
"id": "GHSA-9vfc-vf73-jgfm",
"modified": "2022-06-29T00:00:31Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:08:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-21934"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cc-crack/router/blob/master/motocx2.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://l0n0l.xyz/post/motocx2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9VG4-J6G2-GW83
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-30 18:11 – Updated: 2025-04-03 03:35Windows NT does not properly download a system policy if the domain user logs into the domain with a space at the end of the domain name.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-1999-0987"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "1999-11-18T05:00:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Windows NT does not properly download a system policy if the domain user logs into the domain with a space at the end of the domain name.",
"id": "GHSA-9vg4-j6g2-gw83",
"modified": "2025-04-03T03:35:13Z",
"published": "2022-04-30T18:11:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-1999-0987"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb%3B%5BLN%5D%3BQ237923"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;[LN];Q237923"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-9VHG-5PGX-8Q97
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-02 15:31 – Updated: 2025-01-02 15:31A vulnerability classified as critical was found in Beijing Yunfan Internet Technology Yunfan Learning Examination System 1.9.2. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file src/main/java/com/yf/exam/modules/sys/user/controller/SysUserControl of the component JWT Token Handler. The manipulation leads to improper authentication. The attack can be launched remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation appears to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-13111"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-02T14:15:06Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability classified as critical was found in Beijing Yunfan Internet Technology Yunfan Learning Examination System 1.9.2. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file src/main/java/com/yf/exam/modules/sys/user/controller/SysUserControl of the component JWT Token Handler. The manipulation leads to improper authentication. The attack can be launched remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation appears to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.",
"id": "GHSA-9vhg-5pgx-8q97",
"modified": "2025-01-02T15:31:58Z",
"published": "2025-01-02T15:31:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-13111"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/qiutiandefeng/yfexam-exam/issues/6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/qiutiandefeng/yfexam-exam/issues/6#issue-2754680012"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.289927"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.289927"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.467701"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-9VJ3-F442-H49R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-18 12:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:31An issue was discovered in the ALU unit of the OR1200 (aka OpenRISC 1200) processor 2011-09-10 through 2015-11-11. The overflow flag is not being updated for the msb and mac instructions, which results in an incorrect value in the overflow flag. Any software that relies on this flag may experience corruption in execution.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-40506"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-04-18T12:15:07Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in the ALU unit of the OR1200 (aka OpenRISC 1200) processor 2011-09-10 through 2015-11-11. The overflow flag is not being updated for the msb and mac instructions, which results in an incorrect value in the overflow flag. Any software that relies on this flag may experience corruption in execution.",
"id": "GHSA-9vj3-f442-h49r",
"modified": "2024-04-04T03:31:54Z",
"published": "2023-04-18T12:30:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-40506"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openrisc/or1200/commit/2c0765d7ba12813df273cd693a99c4e744f0fbd5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://seth.engr.tamu.edu/software-releases/thehuzz"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9VQF-5JHJ-HM4W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:06 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:06In Weidmueller Industrial WLAN devices in multiple versions an exploitable authentication bypass vulnerability exists in the hostname processing. A specially configured device hostname can cause the device to interpret selected remote traffic as local traffic, resulting in a bypass of web authentication. An attacker can send authenticated SNMP requests to trigger this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-33539"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-06-25T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In Weidmueller Industrial WLAN devices in multiple versions an exploitable authentication bypass vulnerability exists in the hostname processing. A specially configured device hostname can cause the device to interpret selected remote traffic as local traffic, resulting in a bypass of web authentication. An attacker can send authenticated SNMP requests to trigger this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-9vqf-5jhj-hm4w",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:06:16Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:06:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-33539"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert.vde.com/en-us/advisories/vde-2021-026"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-9VRP-PQ53-H7GW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:41 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:41win/content/upload.php in Goople CMS 1.7 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and gain administrative access by setting the loggedin cookie to 1.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-6118"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2009-02-11T17:30:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "win/content/upload.php in Goople CMS 1.7 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and gain administrative access by setting the loggedin cookie to 1.",
"id": "GHSA-9vrp-pq53-h7gw",
"modified": "2022-05-17T00:41:19Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T00:41:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-6118"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/46799"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/7205"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/32819"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/32437"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2008/3235"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-9VWJ-HJ2H-WHJQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:14 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:32The identity authentication bypass vulnerability found in some Dahua products during the login process. Attackers can bypass device identity authentication by constructing malicious data packets.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-33045"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-09-15T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The identity authentication bypass vulnerability found in some Dahua products during the login process. Attackers can bypass device identity authentication by constructing malicious data packets.",
"id": "GHSA-9vwj-hj2h-whjq",
"modified": "2025-10-22T00:32:20Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:14:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-33045"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2021-33045"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dahuasecurity.com/support/cybersecurity/details/957"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/164423/Dahua-Authentication-Bypass.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2021/Oct/13"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9VX2-HRRC-HRGQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-29 09:30 – Updated: 2026-06-29 09:30A vulnerability was found in Feehi CMS up to 2.1.1. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /api/articles of the component REST API Endpoint. Performing a manipulation results in missing authentication. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-13546"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-29T09:16:27Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in Feehi CMS up to 2.1.1. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /api/articles of the component REST API Endpoint. Performing a manipulation results in missing authentication. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.",
"id": "GHSA-9vx2-hrrc-hrgq",
"modified": "2026-06-29T09:30:28Z",
"published": "2026-06-29T09:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-13546"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/liufee/cms/issues/87"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-13546"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/842603"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/374554"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/374554/cti"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-9VXC-G2JX-QJ3P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2020-08-31 22:59 – Updated: 2021-09-23 21:00Versions of tomato prior to 0.0.6 are affected by a somewhat complex authentication bypass vulnerability in the admin service when only a single access key is configured on the server. The vulnerability allows an attacker to guess the password for the admin service, no matter how complex that password is, in less than 200 requests.
Details
The tomato API has an admin service that is enabled by setting up an access_key in the config options. This access_key is intended to protect the API admin from unauthorized access.
Tomato verifies the access_key by checking to see if the server access_key incorporates the user provided value at any location. This allows an attacker to provide a single character as an access_key, and so long as the server key contains at least one instance of that character it will be considered a valid key.
Proof of Concept
This is the snippet of code that does the comparison to authorize requests.
if (access_key && config.master.api.access_key.indexOf(access_key) !== -1) {
For an access_key that is set to anything that includes the letter 'a' the following request would be authorized.
$ curl -X POST "http://localhost:8081/api/exec" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d @test -H "access-key: a"
{
"cmd": "ls",
"path": ".",
"stdout": "app.js\nconfig.js\nlog\nnode_modules\nserver.js\n",
"stderr": ""
}
Recommendation
Update to version 0.0.6 or later.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.0.5"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "tomato"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.0.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2013-7379"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2020-08-31T18:08:49Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Versions of `tomato` prior to 0.0.6 are affected by a somewhat complex authentication bypass vulnerability in the admin service when only a single access key is configured on the server. The vulnerability allows an attacker to guess the password for the admin service, no matter how complex that password is, in less than 200 requests.\n\n\n## Details\nThe tomato API has an admin service that is enabled by setting up an `access_key` in the config options. This `access_key` is intended to protect the API admin from unauthorized access.\n\n\nTomato verifies the `access_key` by checking to see if the server `access_key` incorporates the user provided value at any location. This allows an attacker to provide a single character as an `access_key`, and so long as the server key contains at least one instance of that character it will be considered a valid key.\n\n## Proof of Concept\nThis is the snippet of code that does the comparison to authorize requests.\n\n```\nif (access_key \u0026\u0026 config.master.api.access_key.indexOf(access_key) !== -1) {\n```\n\nFor an access_key that is set to anything that includes the letter \u0027a\u0027 the following request would be authorized.\n\n```\n$ curl -X POST \"http://localhost:8081/api/exec\" -H \"Content-Type: application/json\" -d @test -H \"access-key: a\"\n{\n \"cmd\": \"ls\",\n \"path\": \".\",\n \"stdout\": \"app.js\\nconfig.js\\nlog\\nnode_modules\\nserver.js\\n\",\n \"stderr\": \"\"\n}\n```\n\n\n\n## Recommendation\n\nUpdate to version 0.0.6 or later.",
"id": "GHSA-9vxc-g2jx-qj3p",
"modified": "2021-09-23T21:00:28Z",
"published": "2020-08-31T22:59:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-7379"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/leizongmin/tomato/commit/9e427d524e04a905312a3294c85e939ed7d57b8c"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/leizongmin/tomato"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.npmjs.com/advisories/38"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2014/05/13/1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2014/05/15/2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [],
"summary": "API Admin Auth Weakness in tomato"
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.
CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse
An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.
CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass
An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.
CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing
Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.
CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data
An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.
CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client
An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.
CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data
This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.
CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking
This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.
CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.
CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server
By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.
CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)
An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.