Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-287

Discouraged

Improper Authentication

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.

5951 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-93F4-345X-96MM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:55 – Updated: 2023-02-23 03:30
VLAI
Details

An authentication issue was discovered in GitLab that allowed a bypass of email verification. This was addressed in GitLab 12.1.2 and 12.0.4.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-5473"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-09-09T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An authentication issue was discovered in GitLab that allowed a bypass of email verification. This was addressed in GitLab 12.1.2 and 12.0.4.",
  "id": "GHSA-93f4-345x-96mm",
  "modified": "2023-02-23T03:30:15Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:55:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-5473"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/565883"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ee/issues/11643"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-93GH-XPCR-6487

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-24 00:00
VLAI
Details

Sysaid – Sysaid System Takeover - An attacker can bypass the authentication process by accessing to: /wmiwizard.jsp, Then to: /ConcurrentLogin.jsp, then click on the login button, and it will redirect you to /home.jsp without any authentication.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-22796"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-05-12T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Sysaid \u2013 Sysaid System Takeover - An attacker can bypass the authentication process by accessing to: /wmiwizard.jsp, Then to: /ConcurrentLogin.jsp, then click on the login button, and it will redirect you to /home.jsp without any authentication.",
  "id": "GHSA-93gh-xpcr-6487",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T00:00:28Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T00:00:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-22796"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.gov.il/en/departments/faq/cve_advisories"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-93HG-WRWC-XV7F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:16 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:16
VLAI
Details

Improper authentication issue in PTW-WMS1 firmware version 2.000.012 allows remote attackers to log in to the device with root privileges and conduct arbitrary operations via unspecified vectors.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-10903"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-12-01T14:29:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Improper authentication issue in PTW-WMS1 firmware version 2.000.012 allows remote attackers to log in to the device with root privileges and conduct arbitrary operations via unspecified vectors.",
  "id": "GHSA-93hg-wrwc-xv7f",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T00:16:23Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T00:16:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-10903"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN98295787/index.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-93J4-V838-8767

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-04 17:57 – Updated: 2023-10-04 17:57
VLAI
Summary
TYPO3 extension femanager Broken Access Control vulnerability
Details

femanager fails to check access permissions for the invitation component. Depending on the configuration of the plugin, a remote user can create frontend user accounts with access to configured frontend groups.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "in2code/femanager"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "7.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "7.2.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-45023"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-10-04T17:57:18Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "femanager fails to check access permissions for the invitation component. Depending on the configuration of the plugin, a remote user can create frontend user accounts with access to configured frontend groups.",
  "id": "GHSA-93j4-v838-8767",
  "modified": "2023-10-04T17:57:18Z",
  "published": "2023-10-04T17:57:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/in2code-de/femanager/commit/cc5f2893613a6b3fd2677c457574ab587a0862ca"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories/blob/master/in2code/femanager/CVE-2023-45023.yaml"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/in2code-de/femanager"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/in2code-de/femanager/releases/tag/7.2.2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://typo3.org/security/advisory/typo3-ext-sa-2023-008"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [],
  "summary": "TYPO3 extension femanager Broken Access Control vulnerability"
}

GHSA-93P5-8FQW-WJX3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-15 01:57 – Updated: 2023-10-02 11:44
VLAI
Summary
Authentication bypass by capture-replay in github.com/cosmos/ethermint
Details

Cosmos Network Ethermint <= v0.4.0 is affected by a transaction replay vulnerability in the EVM module. If the victim sends a very large nonce transaction, the attacker can replay the transaction through the application.

Specific Go Packages Affected

github.com/cosmos/ethermint/rpc/namespaces/eth

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/cosmos/ethermint"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.4.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-25834"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287",
      "CWE-294"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2021-05-12T21:17:36Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Cosmos Network Ethermint \u003c= v0.4.0 is affected by a transaction replay vulnerability in the EVM module. If the victim sends a very large nonce transaction, the attacker can replay the transaction through the application.\n\n### Specific Go Packages Affected\ngithub.com/cosmos/ethermint/rpc/namespaces/eth",
  "id": "GHSA-93p5-8fqw-wjx3",
  "modified": "2023-10-02T11:44:19Z",
  "published": "2022-02-15T01:57:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-25834"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/cosmos/ethermint/issues/686"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/cosmos/ethermint/commit/d7bdbd7488644f0aaeee5cdcdc119c863f199f72"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/cosmos/ethermint/releases/tag/v0.4.1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Authentication bypass by capture-replay in github.com/cosmos/ethermint"
}

GHSA-93RG-2XM5-2P9V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-04 21:14 – Updated: 2026-05-04 21:14
VLAI
Summary
OpenClaw's Gateway Control UI bootstrap config required Gateway auth
Details

Summary

Gateway Control UI bootstrap config required Gateway auth.

Affected Packages / Versions

  • Package: openclaw (npm)
  • Affected versions: <= 2026.4.21
  • Fixed version: 2026.4.22

Impact

When Gateway authentication was enabled, the Control UI bootstrap config endpoint could still be read without a valid Gateway token. That response could expose sensitive bootstrap/config fields intended only for authenticated Control UI sessions.

Fix

The bootstrap config route now goes through the same Gateway read-auth path as other authenticated Control UI reads. Regression tests cover unauthenticated rejection, valid-token access, and basePath handling.

Fix Commit(s)

  • 2321d67263bc710e357644d59f746b08d891051b

Verification

  • The fix commit is contained in the public v2026.4.22 tag.
  • openclaw@2026.4.22 is published on npm and the compiled package contains the fix.
  • Focused regression coverage for this path passed before publication.

OpenClaw thanks @zsxsoft for reporting.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2026.4.21"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "openclaw"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2026.4.22"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-04T21:14:17Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\nGateway Control UI bootstrap config required Gateway auth.\n\n## Affected Packages / Versions\n- Package: openclaw (npm)\n- Affected versions: \u003c= 2026.4.21\n- Fixed version: 2026.4.22\n\n## Impact\nWhen Gateway authentication was enabled, the Control UI bootstrap config endpoint could still be read without a valid Gateway token. That response could expose sensitive bootstrap/config fields intended only for authenticated Control UI sessions.\n\n## Fix\nThe bootstrap config route now goes through the same Gateway read-auth path as other authenticated Control UI reads. Regression tests cover unauthenticated rejection, valid-token access, and basePath handling.\n\n## Fix Commit(s)\n- 2321d67263bc710e357644d59f746b08d891051b\n\n## Verification\n- The fix commit is contained in the public v2026.4.22 tag.\n- openclaw@2026.4.22 is published on npm and the compiled package contains the fix.\n- Focused regression coverage for this path passed before publication.\n\nOpenClaw thanks @zsxsoft for reporting.",
  "id": "GHSA-93rg-2xm5-2p9v",
  "modified": "2026-05-04T21:14:17Z",
  "published": "2026-05-04T21:14:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-93rg-2xm5-2p9v"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/2321d67263bc710e357644d59f746b08d891051b"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "OpenClaw\u0027s Gateway Control UI bootstrap config required Gateway auth"
}

GHSA-93WP-GGWV-R77Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:54 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:54
VLAI
Details

cURL and libcurl 7.10.6 through 7.34.0, when more than one authentication method is enabled, re-uses NTLM connections, which might allow context-dependent attackers to authenticate as other users via a request.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2014-0015"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2014-02-02T00:55:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "cURL and libcurl 7.10.6 through 7.34.0, when more than one authentication method is enabled, re-uses NTLM connections, which might allow context-dependent attackers to authenticate as other users via a request.",
  "id": "GHSA-93wp-ggwv-r77q",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T02:54:03Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T02:54:03Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-0015"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/bugtraq/2014-06/0172.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://curl.haxx.se/docs/adv_20140129.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://kb.juniper.net/InfoCenter/index?page=content\u0026id=JSA10743"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-announce/2014-February/127627.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-announce/2014-February/128408.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2014-02/msg00066.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2014/Dec/23"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/56728"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/56731"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/56734"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/56912"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/59458"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/59475"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://support.apple.com/kb/HT6296"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www-947.ibm.com/support/entry/portal/docdisplay?lndocid=MIGR-5095862"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2014/dsa-2849"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/bulletinjan2016-2867206.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/cpujan2015-1972971.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/cpujul2015-2367936.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/534161/100/0/threaded"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/65270"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1029710"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.slackware.com/security/viewer.php?l=slackware-security\u0026y=2014\u0026m=slackware-security.502652"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2097-1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.vmware.com/security/advisories/VMSA-2014-0012.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-93WR-F53H-25WP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 22:28 – Updated: 2022-07-13 00:01
VLAI
Details

Corero SecureWatch Managed Services 9.7.2.0020 does not correctly check swa-monitor and cns-monitor user’s privileges, allowing a user to perform actions not belonging to his role.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-38137"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-08-06T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Corero SecureWatch Managed Services 9.7.2.0020 does not correctly check swa-monitor and cns-monitor user\u2019s privileges, allowing a user to perform actions not belonging to his role.",
  "id": "GHSA-93wr-f53h-25wp",
  "modified": "2022-07-13T00:01:35Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T22:28:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-38137"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.corero.com/blog/data-sheets-corero-securewatch-managed-services"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.shielder.it/advisories/corero_secure_watch_managed_services-multiple-broken-access-control"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-93XJ-XQMV-6CXX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:36 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:36
VLAI
Details

An Improper Authentication issue was discovered in Phoenix Contact GmbH mGuard firmware versions 8.3.0 to 8.4.2. An attacker may be able to gain unauthorized access to the user firewall when RADIUS servers are unreachable.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-7937"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-05-19T03:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An Improper Authentication issue was discovered in Phoenix Contact GmbH mGuard firmware versions 8.3.0 to 8.4.2. An attacker may be able to gain unauthorized access to the user firewall when RADIUS servers are unreachable.",
  "id": "GHSA-93xj-xqmv-6cxx",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:36:11Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:36:11Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-7937"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-17-131-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-943P-3V8V-Q53X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:24 – Updated: 2024-04-04 02:54
VLAI
Details

Mida eFramework through 2.9.0 has a back door that permits a change of the administrative password and access to restricted functionalities, such as Code Execution.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-15921"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287",
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-07-24T01:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Mida eFramework through 2.9.0 has a back door that permits a change of the administrative password and access to restricted functionalities, such as Code Execution.",
  "id": "GHSA-943p-3v8v-q53x",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T02:54:59Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:24:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-15921"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://elbae.github.io/jekyll/update/2020/07/14/vulns-01.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/159239/Mida-eFramework-2.9.0-Backdoor-Access.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.

CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse

An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.

CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass

An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.

CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing

Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.

CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data

An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.

CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client

An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.

CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data

This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.

CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking

This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.

CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.

CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server

By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.

CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)

An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.