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Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-280

Allowed

Improper Handling of Insufficient Permissions or Privileges

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product does not handle or incorrectly handles when it has insufficient privileges to access resources or functionality as specified by their permissions. This may cause it to follow unexpected code paths that may leave the product in an invalid state.

279 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-H83J-JR29-XW3M

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-19 21:30 – Updated: 2025-03-19 21:30
VLAI
Details

IBM InfoSphere Information Server 11.7 could allow a local user to execute privileged commands due to the improper handling of permissions.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-51459"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-280"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-03-19T19:15:42Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "IBM InfoSphere Information Server 11.7 could allow a local user to execute privileged commands due to the improper handling of permissions.",
  "id": "GHSA-h83j-jr29-xw3m",
  "modified": "2025-03-19T21:30:52Z",
  "published": "2025-03-19T21:30:52Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-51459"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7185056"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-H948-GJV3-7GPC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-25 06:30 – Updated: 2025-03-25 06:30
VLAI
Details

An Improper Handling of Insufficient Permissions or Privileges vulnerability in scripts used in B&R APROL <4.4-00P5 may allow an authenticated local attacker to read credential information.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-8315"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-280"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-03-25T05:15:40Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An Improper Handling of Insufficient Permissions or Privileges vulnerability in scripts used in B\u0026R APROL \u003c4.4-00P5 may allow an authenticated local attacker to read credential information.",
  "id": "GHSA-h948-gjv3-7gpc",
  "modified": "2025-03-25T06:30:26Z",
  "published": "2025-03-25T06:30:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-8315"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.br-automation.com/fileadmin/SA24P015-77573c08.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HC3F-33FV-495X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-03 09:30 – Updated: 2025-03-27 18:30
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered in Common-Services "So Flexibilite" (soflexibilite) module for PrestaShop before version 4.1.26, allows remote attackers to escalate privileges and obtain sensitive information via debug file.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-25844"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-280"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-03-03T08:15:08Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in Common-Services \"So Flexibilite\" (soflexibilite) module for PrestaShop before version 4.1.26, allows remote attackers to escalate privileges and obtain sensitive information via debug file.",
  "id": "GHSA-hc3f-33fv-495x",
  "modified": "2025-03-27T18:30:37Z",
  "published": "2024-03-03T09:30:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-25844"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/friends-of-presta/security-advisories/blob/main/_posts/2024-02-29-soflexibilite.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HQ5V-PC42-8W5F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-01 06:31 – Updated: 2026-07-01 12:31
VLAI
Details

In Modem, there is a possible escalation of privilege due to a permissions bypass. This could lead to local escalation of privilege if a malicious actor has already obtained the System privilege. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: MOLY01716533; Issue ID: MSV-6309.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-20463"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-280"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-01T04:17:15Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In Modem, there is a possible escalation of privilege due to a permissions bypass. This could lead to local escalation of privilege if a malicious actor has already obtained the System privilege. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: MOLY01716533; Issue ID: MSV-6309.",
  "id": "GHSA-hq5v-pc42-8w5f",
  "modified": "2026-07-01T12:31:34Z",
  "published": "2026-07-01T06:31:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-20463"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/July-2026"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HR7M-HF2X-J4VH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-12 21:31 – Updated: 2025-12-17 21:30
VLAI
Details

A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7.3. An app may be able to gain root privileges.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-43527"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-280"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-12T21:15:57Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7.3. An app may be able to gain root privileges.",
  "id": "GHSA-hr7m-hf2x-j4vh",
  "modified": "2025-12-17T21:30:44Z",
  "published": "2025-12-12T21:31:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-43527"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/125886"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/125887"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HV2M-65PG-4QXX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-08 18:33 – Updated: 2026-09-08 18:33
VLAI
Details

Improper handling of insufficient permissions or privileges in Windows Enterprise App Management allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-69907"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-280"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-08T18:20:01Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Improper handling of insufficient permissions or privileges in Windows Enterprise App Management allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.",
  "id": "GHSA-hv2m-65pg-4qxx",
  "modified": "2026-09-08T18:33:04Z",
  "published": "2026-09-08T18:33:04Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-69907"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-69907"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HWPP-2M5Q-2CW8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-26 18:33 – Updated: 2026-06-26 21:32
VLAI
Details

Kernel software installed and running inside a Host VM may post improper commands to the GPU Firmware to trigger a memory read or write outside the permitted range of memory for the host kernel.

Addresses passed to the GPU Firmware can be used by the Firmware for more privileged memory accesses than are permitted by the system.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-45195"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-280"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-26T16:16:30Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Kernel software installed and running inside a Host VM may post improper commands to the GPU Firmware to trigger a memory read or write outside the permitted range of memory for the host kernel.\n\n\n\nAddresses passed to the GPU Firmware can be used by the Firmware for more privileged memory accesses than are permitted by the system.",
  "id": "GHSA-hwpp-2m5q-2cw8",
  "modified": "2026-06-26T21:32:15Z",
  "published": "2026-06-26T18:33:59Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-45195"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.imaginationtech.com/gpu-driver-vulnerabilities"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-J5JV-W5CW-J9FF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-03 12:30 – Updated: 2026-02-03 19:16
VLAI
Summary
Moodle authentication bypass vulnerability
Details

A flaw was found in Moodle. This authentication bypass vulnerability allows suspended users to authenticate through the Learning Tools Interoperability (LTI) Provider. The issue arises from the LTI authentication handlers failing to enforce the user's suspension status, enabling unauthorized access to the system. This can lead to information disclosure or other unauthorized actions by users who should be restricted.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "moodle/moodle"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.1.22"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "moodle/moodle"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.4.0-beta"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.4.12"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "moodle/moodle"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.5.0-beta"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.5.8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "moodle/moodle"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "5.0.0-beta"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.0.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "moodle/moodle"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "5.1.0-beta"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.1.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-67848"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-280"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-02-03T19:16:25Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-03T11:15:54Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A flaw was found in Moodle. This authentication bypass vulnerability allows suspended users to authenticate through the Learning Tools Interoperability (LTI) Provider. The issue arises from the LTI authentication handlers failing to enforce the user\u0027s suspension status, enabling unauthorized access to the system. This can lead to information disclosure or other unauthorized actions by users who should be restricted.",
  "id": "GHSA-j5jv-w5cw-j9ff",
  "modified": "2026-02-03T19:16:26Z",
  "published": "2026-02-03T12:30:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-67848"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/moodle/moodle/commit/62f372e9d861d16df702d3c7726905fa2730e3d8"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/moodle/moodle/commit/c2705e2c18962fec4f21b9c34ed386be2a379663"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-67848"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2423831"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/moodle/moodle"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=471298"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Moodle authentication bypass vulnerability"
}

GHSA-JHJM-5XJG-MPQP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-21 21:30 – Updated: 2025-02-26 22:17
VLAI
Summary
Xuxueli xxl-job allows attacker to obtain sensitive information via the pageList parameter
Details

Permissions vulnerabiltiy found in Xuxueli xxl-job v2.2.0, v 2.3.0 and v.2.3.1 allows attacker to obtain sensitive information via the pageList parameter.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "com.xuxueli:xxl-job"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.2.0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "2.3.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-27087"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-280"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-03-21T22:41:55Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-03-21T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Permissions vulnerabiltiy found in Xuxueli xxl-job v2.2.0, v 2.3.0 and v.2.3.1 allows attacker to obtain sensitive information via the pageList parameter.",
  "id": "GHSA-jhjm-5xjg-mpqp",
  "modified": "2025-02-26T22:17:31Z",
  "published": "2023-03-21T21:30:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-27087"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/xuxueli/xxl-job/issues/3096"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/xuxueli/xxl-job"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Xuxueli xxl-job allows attacker to obtain sensitive information via the pageList parameter"
}

GHSA-JM4C-88WP-RFJQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-11 15:32 – Updated: 2026-08-11 15:32
VLAI
Details

Velociraptor allows multi-tenant deployments named "Orgs".

By default Velociraptor, uses the ROOT org, but users can create child orgs for other tenants within the same deployment.

Users can have different permissions in each org. To manage Orgs, Velociraptor usually examines the ORG_ADMIN permission on the ROOT org.

This issue results from the Velociraptor server allowing for the deletion of Orgs by incorrectly checking the ORG_ADMIN permission of callers within the calling ORG instead of the ROOT org. However, Org admins of child orgs were able to add this permission to their ACL token within their own org. This allows an administrator in a child org, which is not also an administrator in the ROOT org, to delete other orgs.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-18860"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-280"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-11T15:17:28Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Velociraptor allows multi-tenant deployments named \"Orgs\".\n\nBy default Velociraptor, uses the ROOT org, but users can create child orgs for other tenants within the same deployment.\n\nUsers can have different permissions in each org. To manage Orgs, Velociraptor usually examines the ORG_ADMIN permission on the ROOT org.\n\nThis issue results from the Velociraptor server allowing for the deletion of Orgs by incorrectly checking the ORG_ADMIN permission of callers within the calling ORG instead of the ROOT org. However, Org admins of child orgs were able to add this permission to their ACL token within their own org.\u00a0This allows an administrator in a child org, which is not also an administrator in the ROOT org, to delete other orgs.",
  "id": "GHSA-jm4c-88wp-rfjq",
  "modified": "2026-08-11T15:32:45Z",
  "published": "2026-08-11T15:32:45Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-18860"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Velocidex/velociraptor/commit/dc38bd6a7e12a678cd79e726bdd1ded4eed75967"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.velociraptor.app/announcements/advisories/cve-2026-18860"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-46
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Separation of Privilege

  • Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
  • Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
Mitigation
Implementation

Always check to see if you have successfully accessed a resource or system functionality, and use proper error handling if it is unsuccessful. Do this even when you are operating in a highly privileged mode, because errors or environmental conditions might still cause a failure. For example, environments with highly granular permissions/privilege models, such as Windows or Linux capabilities, can cause unexpected failures.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.