Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-269

Discouraged

Improper Privilege Management

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

The product does not properly assign, modify, track, or check privileges for an actor, creating an unintended sphere of control for that actor.

5439 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-P7GR-F84W-HQG5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-02 21:53 – Updated: 2026-03-27 20:15
VLAI
Summary
OpenClaw's sandboxed sessions_spawn now enforces sandbox inheritance for cross-agent spawns
Details

Summary

A sandboxed session could use cross-agent sessions_spawn to create a child under an agent configured with sandbox.mode="off", downgrading runtime confinement.

Impact

In mixed-agent setups that allow cross-agent spawning, a sandboxed requester could escape into an unsandboxed child runtime.

Fix

Spawn-time sandbox inheritance is now enforced: if the requester is sandboxed and the resolved child runtime would be unsandboxed, spawn is rejected.

Affected and Patched Versions

  • Affected: <= 2026.2.26
  • Patched: 2026.3.1
Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "openclaw"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2026.3.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-32048"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269",
      "CWE-284",
      "CWE-732"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-02T21:53:45Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\nA sandboxed session could use cross-agent `sessions_spawn` to create a child under an agent configured with `sandbox.mode=\"off\"`, downgrading runtime confinement.\n\n### Impact\nIn mixed-agent setups that allow cross-agent spawning, a sandboxed requester could escape into an unsandboxed child runtime.\n\n### Fix\nSpawn-time sandbox inheritance is now enforced: if the requester is sandboxed and the resolved child runtime would be unsandboxed, spawn is rejected.\n\n### Affected and Patched Versions\n- Affected: `\u003c= 2026.2.26`\n- Patched: `2026.3.1`",
  "id": "GHSA-p7gr-f84w-hqg5",
  "modified": "2026-03-27T20:15:58Z",
  "published": "2026-03-02T21:53:45Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-p7gr-f84w-hqg5"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-32048"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-sandbox-escape-via-cross-agent-sessions-spawn"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:L/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "OpenClaw\u0027s sandboxed sessions_spawn now enforces sandbox inheritance for cross-agent spawns"
}

GHSA-P7GV-9389-M757

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:43 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:43
VLAI
Details

Extreme EXOS 16.x, 21.x, and 22.x allows administrators to obtain a root shell via vectors involving an exsh debug shell.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-14329"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-10-23T08:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Extreme EXOS 16.x, 21.x, and 22.x allows administrators to obtain a root shell via vectors involving an exsh debug shell.",
  "id": "GHSA-p7gv-9389-m757",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:43:22Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:43:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-14329"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://extremeportal.force.com/ExtrArticleDetail?n=000017719"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P7JW-JXR7-PM98

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:03 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:03
VLAI
Details

Execution with Unnecessary Privileges in Nagios Fusion 4.1.8 and earlier allows for Privilege Escalation as nagios via installation of a malicious component containing PHP code.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-28904"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-05-24T13:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Execution with Unnecessary Privileges in Nagios Fusion 4.1.8 and earlier allows for Privilege Escalation as nagios via installation of a malicious component containing PHP code.",
  "id": "GHSA-p7jw-jxr7-pm98",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:03:04Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:03:04Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-28904"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://skylightcyber.com/2021/05/20/13-nagios-vulnerabilities-7-will-shock-you"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.nagios.com/downloads/nagios-xi/change-log"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/162783/Nagios-XI-Fusion-Privilege-Escalation-Cross-Site-Scripting-Code-Execution.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-P7MJ-7J9P-VMXM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:46 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:46
VLAI
Details

Multiple issues were addressed with improved logic. This issue is fixed in macOS Big Sur 11.2, Security Update 2021-001 Catalina, Security Update 2021-001 Mojave, watchOS 7.3, tvOS 14.4, iOS 14.4 and iPadOS 14.4. An application may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-1750"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-04-02T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Multiple issues were addressed with improved logic. This issue is fixed in macOS Big Sur 11.2, Security Update 2021-001 Catalina, Security Update 2021-001 Mojave, watchOS 7.3, tvOS 14.4, iOS 14.4 and iPadOS 14.4. An application may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges.",
  "id": "GHSA-p7mj-7j9p-vmxm",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:46:17Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:46:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1750"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212146"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212147"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212148"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212149"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-P7MJ-V488-82C3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:55 – Updated: 2024-04-04 01:50
VLAI
Details

CloudBerry Backup v6.1.2.34 allows local privilege escalation via a Pre or Post backup action. With only user-level access, a user can modify the backup plan and add a Pre backup action script that executes on behalf of NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-15720"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-08-28T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "CloudBerry Backup v6.1.2.34 allows local privilege escalation via a Pre or Post backup action. With only user-level access, a user can modify the backup plan and add a Pre backup action script that executes on behalf of NT AUTHORITY\\SYSTEM.",
  "id": "GHSA-p7mj-v488-82c3",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T01:50:01Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:55:03Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-15720"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.sevenlayers.com/index.php/243-cloudberry-backup-local-privilege-escalation"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P7MV-684H-C4RX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:48 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:48
VLAI
Details

Linux kernel version after commit bdcf0a423ea1 - 4.15-rc4+, 4.14.8+, 4.9.76+, 4.4.111+ contains a Incorrect Access Control vulnerability in NFS server (nfsd) that can result in remote users reading or writing files they should not be able to via NFS. This attack appear to be exploitable via NFS server must export a filesystem with the "rootsquash" options enabled. This vulnerability appears to have been fixed in after commit 1995266727fa.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-1000028"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-02-09T23:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Linux kernel version after commit bdcf0a423ea1 - 4.15-rc4+, 4.14.8+, 4.9.76+, 4.4.111+ contains a Incorrect Access Control vulnerability in NFS server (nfsd) that can result in remote users reading or writing files they should not be able to via NFS. This attack appear to be exploitable via NFS server must export a filesystem with the \"rootsquash\" options enabled. This vulnerability appears to have been fixed in after commit 1995266727fa.",
  "id": "GHSA-p7mv-684h-c4rx",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:48:30Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:48:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-1000028"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/linus/1995266727fa8143897e89b55f5d3c79aa828420"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P7VX-HPRG-6V5V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-27 06:31 – Updated: 2025-03-06 18:30
VLAI
Details

VMware Tools contains a local privilege escalation vulnerability. A malicious actor with local user access to a guest virtual machine may elevate privileges within the virtual machine.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-34057"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-10-27T05:15:38Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "VMware Tools contains a local privilege escalation vulnerability.\u00a0A malicious actor with local user access to a guest virtual machine may elevate privileges within the virtual machine.",
  "id": "GHSA-p7vx-hprg-6v5v",
  "modified": "2025-03-06T18:30:57Z",
  "published": "2023-10-27T06:31:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-34057"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vmware.com/security/advisories/VMSA-2023-0024.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P7WM-H6Q7-MX95

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-12 00:31 – Updated: 2024-10-22 18:32
VLAI
Details

Local privilege escalation allows a low-privileged user to gain SYSTEM privileges in Citrix Workspace app for Windows

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-7890"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-09-11T23:15:10Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Local privilege escalation allows a low-privileged user to gain SYSTEM privileges in Citrix Workspace app for Windows",
  "id": "GHSA-p7wm-h6q7-mx95",
  "modified": "2024-10-22T18:32:04Z",
  "published": "2024-09-12T00:31:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-7890"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.citrix.com/s/article/CTX691485-citrix-workspace-app-for-windows-security-bulletin-cve20247889-and-cve20247890?language=en_US"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P7X9-6PPP-RH82

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:08 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:08
VLAI
Details

An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists when DirectX improperly handles objects in memory, aka 'DirectX Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability'. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2020-0709.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-0732"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-02-11T22:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists when DirectX improperly handles objects in memory, aka \u0027DirectX Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability\u0027. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2020-0709.",
  "id": "GHSA-p7x9-6ppp-rh82",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:08:32Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:08:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-0732"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2020-0732"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-P854-C355-26CJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:39 – Updated: 2022-08-06 00:00
VLAI
Details

Multiple Cisco products are affected by a vulnerability with TCP Fast Open (TFO) when used in conjunction with the Snort detection engine that could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass a configured file policy for HTTP. The vulnerability is due to incorrect detection of the HTTP payload if it is contained at least partially within the TFO connection handshake. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted TFO packets with an HTTP payload through an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to bypass configured file policy for HTTP packets and deliver a malicious payload.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-1224"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269",
      "CWE-693"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-01-13T22:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Multiple Cisco products are affected by a vulnerability with TCP Fast Open (TFO) when used in conjunction with the Snort detection engine that could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass a configured file policy for HTTP. The vulnerability is due to incorrect detection of the HTTP payload if it is contained at least partially within the TFO connection handshake. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted TFO packets with an HTTP payload through an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to bypass configured file policy for HTTP packets and deliver a malicious payload.",
  "id": "GHSA-p854-c355-26cj",
  "modified": "2022-08-06T00:00:37Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:39:10Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1224"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/02/msg00011.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-snort-tfo-bypass-MmzZrtes"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5354"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-1
Architecture and Design Operation

Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.

Mitigation MIT-48
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Separation of Privilege

Follow the principle of least privilege when assigning access rights to entities in a software system.

Mitigation MIT-49
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Separation of Privilege

Consider following the principle of separation of privilege. Require multiple conditions to be met before permitting access to a system resource.

CAPEC-122: Privilege Abuse

An adversary is able to exploit features of the target that should be reserved for privileged users or administrators but are exposed to use by lower or non-privileged accounts. Access to sensitive information and functionality must be controlled to ensure that only authorized users are able to access these resources.

CAPEC-233: Privilege Escalation

An adversary exploits a weakness enabling them to elevate their privilege and perform an action that they are not supposed to be authorized to perform.

CAPEC-58: Restful Privilege Elevation

An adversary identifies a Rest HTTP (Get, Put, Delete) style permission method allowing them to perform various malicious actions upon server data due to lack of access control mechanisms implemented within the application service accepting HTTP messages.