Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-266

Allowed

Incorrect Privilege Assignment

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

A product incorrectly assigns a privilege to a particular actor, creating an unintended sphere of control for that actor.

2331 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-8PVM-C356-JM6P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-23 00:32 – Updated: 2025-09-23 00:32
VLAI
Details

A flaw has been found in fuyang_lipengjun platform 1.0. The affected element is the function TopicCategoryController of the file /topiccategory/queryAll. This manipulation causes improper authorization. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used.

Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
2.1 (Low)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-10821"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-266"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-22T23:15:37Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A flaw has been found in fuyang_lipengjun platform 1.0. The affected element is the function TopicCategoryController of the file /topiccategory/queryAll. This manipulation causes improper authorization. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used.",
  "id": "GHSA-8pvm-c356-jm6p",
  "modified": "2025-09-23T00:32:03Z",
  "published": "2025-09-23T00:32:03Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-10821"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.325178"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.325178"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.653742"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cnblogs.com/aibot/p/19063464"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8QH8-GWRC-MFXF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-08 21:32 – Updated: 2025-01-08 21:32
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in ZeroWdd myblog 1.0. This affects an unknown part of the file src/main/java/com/wdd/myblog/config/MyBlogMvcConfig.java. The manipulation leads to permission issues. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

Severity
7.3 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-13189"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-266"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-08T20:15:27Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in ZeroWdd myblog 1.0. This affects an unknown part of the file src/main/java/com/wdd/myblog/config/MyBlogMvcConfig.java. The manipulation leads to permission issues. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.",
  "id": "GHSA-8qh8-gwrc-mfxf",
  "modified": "2025-01-08T21:32:25Z",
  "published": "2025-01-08T21:32:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-13189"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ZeroWdd/myblog/issues/1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ZeroWdd/myblog/issues/1#issue-2759828006"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.290781"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.290781"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.469223"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8QPJ-27X8-PWPQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-06 13:38 – Updated: 2026-10-06 13:38
VLAI
Summary
Langflow: PythonREPLComponent executes unsandboxed Python code, enabling authenticated RCE and privilege escalation
Details

Summary

Langflow's built-in Python interpreter components — PythonREPLComponent (Python Interpreter) and the legacy PythonREPLToolComponent (Python REPL Tool) — executed arbitrary user- or model-supplied Python code inside flows without effective sandboxing. Because the code ran in-process with the privileges of the Langflow service, any authenticated user who could edit and run a flow could achieve remote code execution and, from there, escalate privileges to superuser (e.g. by opening a database session and flipping is_superuser) or compromise the host.

This issue is fixed as of 1.10.1, with additional hardening through 1.12.3. See Remediation below.

Affected

  • Package: langflow (PyPI), and the underlying lfx package that ships the component.
  • Vulnerable versions: < 1.10.1.
  • Patched: 1.10.1 (core fix). Upgrade to >= 1.12.3 for the complete hardening series.

Details

The root cause is code injection (CWE-94/CWE-95): the component passed raw input to LangChain's PythonREPL, which is explicitly not a security sandbox.

Two distinct weaknesses existed before 1.10.1:

  1. Unrestricted builtins (default deployments). get_globals() built the exec globals from the global_imports allow-list but never set __builtins__. CPython's exec() then auto-injected the full builtins module, leaving __import__, open, eval, exec and the whole import machinery reachable regardless of the allow-list — e.g. __import__("os").system(...) or __import__("subprocess").check_output([...]). This made the "only modules in Global Imports can be used" guarantee false, and it applied even with the default configuration (allow_custom_components=True).

  2. No server-policy gate (locked-down deployments). Even a deployment hardened with allow_custom_components=False could still run interpreter code, because the components did not consult that policy before executing.

Both let an authenticated user run the reported PoC, which opens a DB session and sets is_superuser = True on their account, or writes to the filesystem / runs OS commands with the service's privileges.

PoC (as reported)

  1. Authenticate as a normal user.
  2. Create a flow with the PythonREPLComponent.
  3. Execute Python that imports Langflow internals and elevates the account:
import asyncio
from sqlmodel import select
from langflow.services.database.models.user.model import User
from langflow.services.deps import session_scope

async def escalate():
    async with session_scope() as session:
        stmt = select(User).where(User.username == 'testuser')
        user = (await session.exec(stmt)).first()
        if user:
            user.is_superuser = True
            session.add(user)
            await session.commit()

asyncio.run(escalate())

Impact

Any authenticated user could: - Execute arbitrary Python / OS commands with the Langflow service's privileges (RCE). - Escalate their own account to superuser via direct database access. - Read/modify data and configuration, and potentially pivot to the underlying host.

Remediation

Upgrade to Langflow 1.10.1 or later (preferably >= 1.12.3). The interpreter components were hardened with layered, defense-in-depth controls, applied in run_python_repl() before any code is executed:

  • Restricted builtins — get_globals() injects a curated safe_builtins() mapping, removing __import__, eval, exec, compile, open, input, globals/locals/vars, getattr/setattr, etc. (#13397)
  • AST validation — validate_code_safety() rejects inline import/from ... import, dunder/escape-gadget attribute access (__class__, __subclasses__, __globals__, frame/traceback introspection) and format-string dunder traversal. (#13397)
  • Server-policy gate — ensure_code_execution_enabled() refuses to run when allow_custom_components=False or block_code_interpreter_components=True, and fails closed if the settings stack cannot be resolved. (#13700 — this advisory — and #14375)
  • Allow-listed module proxies — imported modules are exposed via a proxy that blocks reaching sys.modules["os"] through a module's transitive import graph. (#15198)
  • Optional hardware isolation — configure LANGFLOW_SANDBOX_BACKEND to run interpreter code in an isolated microVM instead of in-process. (#14400)

Upstream fix references: #13397, #13700 (carries this GHSA), #14375, #14400, #15198.

Hardening recommendations for operators

  • Keep Langflow updated (>= 1.12.3).
  • For locked-down deployments, set LANGFLOW_ALLOW_CUSTOM_COMPONENTS=false (or LANGFLOW_BLOCK_CODE_INTERPRETER_COMPONENTS=true) to disable the interpreter entirely.
  • For deployments that must run untrusted code, configure LANGFLOW_SANDBOX_BACKEND for microVM isolation.
  • Run the Langflow service as an unprivileged user with least-privilege database credentials.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "langflow"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.10.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-10561"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-266",
      "CWE-94",
      "CWE-95"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-10-06T13:38:28Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nLangflow\u0027s built-in Python interpreter components \u2014 `PythonREPLComponent` (Python Interpreter) and the legacy `PythonREPLToolComponent` (Python REPL Tool) \u2014 executed arbitrary user- or model-supplied Python code inside flows without effective sandboxing. Because the code ran in-process with the privileges of the Langflow service, any **authenticated** user who could edit and run a flow could achieve remote code execution and, from there, escalate privileges to superuser (e.g. by opening a database session and flipping `is_superuser`) or compromise the host.\n\n**This issue is fixed as of 1.10.1**, with additional hardening through 1.12.3. See *Remediation* below.\n\n### Affected\n\n- **Package:** `langflow` (PyPI), and the underlying `lfx` package that ships the component.\n- **Vulnerable versions:** `\u003c 1.10.1`.\n- **Patched:** `1.10.1` (core fix). Upgrade to `\u003e= 1.12.3` for the complete hardening series.\n\n### Details\n\nThe root cause is **code injection** (CWE-94/CWE-95): the component passed raw input to LangChain\u0027s `PythonREPL`, which is explicitly *not* a security sandbox.\n\nTwo distinct weaknesses existed before 1.10.1:\n\n1. **Unrestricted builtins (default deployments).** `get_globals()` built the `exec` globals from the `global_imports` allow-list but never set `__builtins__`. CPython\u0027s `exec()` then auto-injected the full `builtins` module, leaving `__import__`, `open`, `eval`, `exec` and the whole import machinery reachable regardless of the allow-list \u2014 e.g. `__import__(\"os\").system(...)` or `__import__(\"subprocess\").check_output([...])`. This made the \"only modules in Global Imports can be used\" guarantee false, and it applied even with the **default** configuration (`allow_custom_components=True`).\n\n2. **No server-policy gate (locked-down deployments).** Even a deployment hardened with `allow_custom_components=False` could still run interpreter code, because the components did not consult that policy before executing.\n\nBoth let an authenticated user run the reported PoC, which opens a DB session and sets `is_superuser = True` on their account, or writes to the filesystem / runs OS commands with the service\u0027s privileges.\n\n### PoC (as reported)\n\n1. Authenticate as a normal user.\n2. Create a flow with the `PythonREPLComponent`.\n3. Execute Python that imports Langflow internals and elevates the account:\n\n```python\nimport asyncio\nfrom sqlmodel import select\nfrom langflow.services.database.models.user.model import User\nfrom langflow.services.deps import session_scope\n\nasync def escalate():\n    async with session_scope() as session:\n        stmt = select(User).where(User.username == \u0027testuser\u0027)\n        user = (await session.exec(stmt)).first()\n        if user:\n            user.is_superuser = True\n            session.add(user)\n            await session.commit()\n\nasyncio.run(escalate())\n```\n\n### Impact\n\nAny authenticated user could:\n- Execute arbitrary Python / OS commands with the Langflow service\u0027s privileges (RCE).\n- Escalate their own account to superuser via direct database access.\n- Read/modify data and configuration, and potentially pivot to the underlying host.\n\n### Remediation\n\nUpgrade to **Langflow 1.10.1 or later** (preferably **\u003e= 1.12.3**). The interpreter components were hardened with layered, defense-in-depth controls, applied in `run_python_repl()` before any code is executed:\n\n- **Restricted builtins** \u2014 `get_globals()` injects a curated `safe_builtins()` mapping, removing `__import__`, `eval`, `exec`, `compile`, `open`, `input`, `globals`/`locals`/`vars`, `getattr`/`setattr`, etc. (#13397)\n- **AST validation** \u2014 `validate_code_safety()` rejects inline `import`/`from ... import`, dunder/escape-gadget attribute access (`__class__`, `__subclasses__`, `__globals__`, frame/traceback introspection) and format-string dunder traversal. (#13397)\n- **Server-policy gate** \u2014 `ensure_code_execution_enabled()` refuses to run when `allow_custom_components=False` or `block_code_interpreter_components=True`, and **fails closed** if the settings stack cannot be resolved. (#13700 \u2014 this advisory \u2014 and #14375)\n- **Allow-listed module proxies** \u2014 imported modules are exposed via a proxy that blocks reaching `sys.modules[\"os\"]` through a module\u0027s transitive import graph. (#15198)\n- **Optional hardware isolation** \u2014 configure `LANGFLOW_SANDBOX_BACKEND` to run interpreter code in an isolated microVM instead of in-process. (#14400)\n\nUpstream fix references: #13397, #13700 (carries this GHSA), #14375, #14400, #15198.\n\n### Hardening recommendations for operators\n\n- Keep Langflow updated (\u003e= 1.12.3).\n- For locked-down deployments, set `LANGFLOW_ALLOW_CUSTOM_COMPONENTS=false` (or `LANGFLOW_BLOCK_CODE_INTERPRETER_COMPONENTS=true`) to disable the interpreter entirely.\n- For deployments that must run untrusted code, configure `LANGFLOW_SANDBOX_BACKEND` for microVM isolation.\n- Run the Langflow service as an unprivileged user with least-privilege database credentials.",
  "id": "GHSA-8qpj-27x8-pwpq",
  "modified": "2026-10-06T13:38:28Z",
  "published": "2026-10-06T13:38:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/langflow-ai/langflow/security/advisories/GHSA-8qpj-27x8-pwpq"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-10561"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/langflow-ai/langflow/pull/13700"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/langflow-ai/langflow/commit/2754c84aad1306f463db1c3bbb3e8ffbe85da77d"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/langflow-ai/langflow"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/langflow-ai/langflow/releases/tag/v1.10.1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7277242"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Langflow: PythonREPLComponent executes unsandboxed Python code, enabling authenticated RCE and privilege escalation"
}

GHSA-8R3J-HPQX-M8FJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-01 12:31 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:35
VLAI
Details

Incorrect Privilege Assignment vulnerability in Brainstorm Force SureTriggers allows Privilege Escalation.This issue affects SureTriggers: from n/a through 1.0.82.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-27007"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-266"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-05-01T11:15:54Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Incorrect Privilege Assignment vulnerability in Brainstorm Force SureTriggers allows Privilege Escalation.This issue affects SureTriggers: from n/a through 1.0.82.",
  "id": "GHSA-8r3j-hpqx-m8fj",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:35:01Z",
  "published": "2025-05-01T12:31:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-27007"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/articles/additional-critical-ottokit-formerly-suretriggers-vulnerability-patched?_s_id=cve"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/suretriggers/vulnerability/wordpress-suretriggers-1-0-82-privilege-escalation-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8R46-FJJ7-GR38

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-11 18:30 – Updated: 2024-11-11 18:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in SourceCodester Hospital Management System 1.0. This affects an unknown part of the file /vm/patient/delete-account.php. The manipulation of the argument id leads to improper authorization. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-11073"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-266",
      "CWE-639"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-11T17:15:04Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in SourceCodester Hospital Management System 1.0. This affects an unknown part of the file /vm/patient/delete-account.php. The manipulation of the argument id leads to improper authorization. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.",
  "id": "GHSA-8r46-fjj7-gr38",
  "modified": "2024-11-11T18:30:29Z",
  "published": "2024-11-11T18:30:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-11073"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1yFo0re8taTry7oR4-EDg3UHwO2lkqO9N/view?usp=sharing"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Salah-Tayeh/CVEs-and-Vulnerabilities/blob/main/Hospital%20Management%20System%20-%20IDOR%20Causing%20Deletion%20of%20any%20patient%20account.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.283869"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.283869"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.440799"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.sourcecodester.com"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8R7Q-CVJQ-X353

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 04:04 – Updated: 2024-09-24 18:41
VLAI
Summary
Incorrect Privilege Assignment in Jinja2
Details

The default configuration for bccache.FileSystemBytecodeCache in Jinja2 before 2.7.2 does not properly create temporary files, which allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted .cache file with a name starting with __jinja2_ in /tmp.

Severity
8.4 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.6 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "Jinja2"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.7.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2014-1402"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-266"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-07-07T22:50:31Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2014-05-19T14:55:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The default configuration for `bccache.FileSystemBytecodeCache` in Jinja2 before 2.7.2 does not properly create temporary files, which allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted .cache file with a name starting with `__jinja2_` in `/tmp`.",
  "id": "GHSA-8r7q-cvjq-x353",
  "modified": "2024-09-24T18:41:55Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T04:04:14Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-1402"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=734747"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1051421"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-8r7q-cvjq-x353"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/jinja2/PYSEC-2014-8.yaml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://oss.oracle.com/pipermail/el-errata/2014-June/004192.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20150523060528/http://www.mandriva.com/en/support/security/advisories/advisory/MDVSA-2014:096/?name=MDVSA-2014:096"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://advisories.mageia.org/MGASA-2014-0028.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://jinja.pocoo.org/docs/changelog"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2014/01/10/2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2014/01/10/3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2014-0747.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2014-0748.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.gentoo.org/security/en/glsa/glsa-201408-13.xml"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Incorrect Privilege Assignment in Jinja2"
}

GHSA-8RWH-379G-4X2R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-31 15:30 – Updated: 2025-03-31 15:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability was found in Tenda FH1202 1.2.0.14(408) and classified as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /goform/SysToolDDNS of the component Web Management Interface. The manipulation leads to improper access controls. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-2996"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-266"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-03-31T13:15:45Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was found in Tenda FH1202 1.2.0.14(408) and classified as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /goform/SysToolDDNS of the component Web Management Interface. The manipulation leads to improper access controls. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.",
  "id": "GHSA-8rwh-379g-4x2r",
  "modified": "2025-03-31T15:30:44Z",
  "published": "2025-03-31T15:30:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-2996"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lavender-bicycle-a5a.notion.site/Tenda-FH1202-SysToolDDNS-1bc53a41781f8012a03be8bebed1125b?pvs=4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.302045"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.302045"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.523419"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.tenda.com.cn"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8RX9-J5HQ-FX8V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:16 – Updated: 2023-06-26 21:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability in the REST API of Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to perform a command injection attack and elevate privileges to root. This vulnerability is due to insufficient input validation for specific API endpoints. An attacker in a man-in-the-middle position could exploit this vulnerability by intercepting and modifying specific internode communications from one ISE persona to another ISE persona. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to run arbitrary commands with root privileges on the underlying operating system. To exploit this vulnerability, the attacker would need to decrypt HTTPS traffic between two ISE personas that are located on separate nodes.

Severity
8.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-1594"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-266",
      "CWE-77",
      "CWE-78"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-10-06T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability in the REST API of Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to perform a command injection attack and elevate privileges to root. This vulnerability is due to insufficient input validation for specific API endpoints. An attacker in a man-in-the-middle position could exploit this vulnerability by intercepting and modifying specific internode communications from one ISE persona to another ISE persona. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to run arbitrary commands with root privileges on the underlying operating system. To exploit this vulnerability, the attacker would need to decrypt HTTPS traffic between two ISE personas that are located on separate nodes.",
  "id": "GHSA-8rx9-j5hq-fx8v",
  "modified": "2023-06-26T21:30:53Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:16:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1594"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-ise-priv-esc-UwqPrBM3"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8V77-F7VF-CXMH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-27 12:31 – Updated: 2025-06-27 12:31
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Intelbras InControl 2.21.60.9. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /v1/operador/ of the component HTTP PUT Request Handler. The manipulation leads to permission issues. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
2.1 (Low)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-6765"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-266",
      "CWE-639"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-06-27T12:15:45Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Intelbras InControl 2.21.60.9. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /v1/operador/ of the component HTTP PUT Request Handler. The manipulation leads to permission issues. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
  "id": "GHSA-8v77-f7vf-cxmh",
  "modified": "2025-06-27T12:31:18Z",
  "published": "2025-06-27T12:31:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-6765"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.314075"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.314075"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.599873"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.599880"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8W8V-R4XJ-J99J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-17 09:31 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:31
VLAI
Details

Improper Privilege Management vulnerability in InstaWP Team InstaWP Connect allows Privilege Escalation.This issue affects InstaWP Connect: from n/a through 0.1.0.8.

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-22145"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-266",
      "CWE-269"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-17T09:15:21Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Improper Privilege Management vulnerability in InstaWP Team InstaWP Connect allows Privilege Escalation.This issue affects InstaWP Connect: from n/a through 0.1.0.8.",
  "id": "GHSA-8w8v-r4xj-j99j",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:31:46Z",
  "published": "2024-05-17T09:31:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-22145"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/instawp-connect/vulnerability/wordpress-instawp-connect-plugin-0-1-0-8-arbitrary-option-update-to-privilege-escalation-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/instawp-connect/wordpress-instawp-connect-plugin-0-1-0-8-arbitrary-option-update-to-privilege-escalation-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}
Mitigation MIT-1
Architecture and Design Operation

Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.

Mitigation MIT-17
Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.

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