Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-122

Allowed

Heap-based Buffer Overflow

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft

A heap overflow condition is a buffer overflow, where the buffer that can be overwritten is allocated in the heap portion of memory, generally meaning that the buffer was allocated using a routine such as malloc().

4096 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-VQCC-Q5P5-R9Q5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-03 21:31 – Updated: 2026-07-03 21:31
VLAI
Details

Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-56645"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-122"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-03T21:17:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.",
  "id": "GHSA-vqcc-q5p5-r9q5",
  "modified": "2026-07-03T21:31:38Z",
  "published": "2026-07-03T21:31:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-56645"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-56645"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VQP6-3HFF-2H3W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-02-24 12:31 – Updated: 2023-03-06 18:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability classified as critical was found in vox2png 1.0. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file vox2png.c. The manipulation leads to heap-based buffer overflow. Attacking locally is a requirement. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-221743.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-1010"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-122"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-02-24T11:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability classified as critical was found in vox2png 1.0. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file vox2png.c. The manipulation leads to heap-based buffer overflow. Attacking locally is a requirement. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-221743.",
  "id": "GHSA-vqp6-3hff-2h3w",
  "modified": "2023-03-06T18:30:21Z",
  "published": "2023-02-24T12:31:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-1010"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/10cksYiqiyinHangzhouTechnology/vox2png/blob/main/README.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.221743"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.221743"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VQVV-4V8R-J8MV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-24 00:30 – Updated: 2025-12-24 00:30
VLAI
Details

Academy Software Foundation OpenEXR EXR File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Academy Software Foundation OpenEXR. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.

The specific flaw exists within the parsing of EXR files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-27946.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-12495"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-122"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-23T22:15:44Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Academy Software Foundation OpenEXR EXR File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Academy Software Foundation OpenEXR. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of EXR files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-27946.",
  "id": "GHSA-vqvv-4v8r-j8mv",
  "modified": "2025-12-24T00:30:13Z",
  "published": "2025-12-24T00:30:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-12495"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-25-989"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VQXQ-CHHR-677M

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-07 03:30 – Updated: 2025-07-07 03:30
VLAI
Details

Null pointer dereference vulnerability in the PDF preview module Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect function stability.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-53182"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-122",
      "CWE-476"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-07-07T03:15:29Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Null pointer dereference vulnerability in the PDF preview module\nImpact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect function stability.",
  "id": "GHSA-vqxq-chhr-677m",
  "modified": "2025-07-07T03:30:23Z",
  "published": "2025-07-07T03:30:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-53182"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletin/2025/7"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VR4Q-G244-9X55

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-14 18:32 – Updated: 2025-01-14 18:32
VLAI
Details

Microsoft Access Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-21186"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-122"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-14T18:15:31Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Microsoft Access Remote Code Execution Vulnerability",
  "id": "GHSA-vr4q-g244-9x55",
  "modified": "2025-01-14T18:32:02Z",
  "published": "2025-01-14T18:32:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21186"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21186"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VR63-2XJH-W46R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-13 18:38 – Updated: 2024-02-13 18:38
VLAI
Details

Microsoft WDAC OLE DB provider for SQL Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-21361"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-122"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-02-13T18:15:53Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Microsoft WDAC OLE DB provider for SQL Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability",
  "id": "GHSA-vr63-2xjh-w46r",
  "modified": "2024-02-13T18:38:23Z",
  "published": "2024-02-13T18:38:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-21361"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2024-21361"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VR7Q-737X-H8WJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-13 18:30 – Updated: 2023-01-20 09:30
VLAI
Details

Heap-based Buffer Overflow in GitHub repository vim/vim prior to 9.0.1189.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-0288"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-122"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-01-13T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Heap-based Buffer Overflow in GitHub repository vim/vim prior to 9.0.1189.",
  "id": "GHSA-vr7q-737x-h8wj",
  "modified": "2023-01-20T09:30:30Z",
  "published": "2023-01-13T18:30:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-0288"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/232bdaaca98c34a99ffadf27bf6ee08be6cc8f6a"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://huntr.dev/bounties/550a0852-9be0-4abe-906c-f803b34e41d3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WYC22GGZ6QA66HLNLHCTAJU265TT3O33"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213670"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2023/Mar/17"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VRC8-HXM5-V8WX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-11 21:30 – Updated: 2025-03-11 21:30
VLAI
Details

Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt VC6 File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.

The specific flaw exists within the parsing of VC6 files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-25252.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-2019"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-122"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-03-11T21:15:53Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt VC6 File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of VC6 files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-25252.",
  "id": "GHSA-vrc8-hxm5-v8wx",
  "modified": "2025-03-11T21:30:42Z",
  "published": "2025-03-11T21:30:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-2019"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-25-123"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VRCX-GX3G-J3H8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-25 18:31 – Updated: 2024-10-02 21:16
VLAI
Summary
Heap-based Buffer Overflow in sqlite-vec
Details

sqlite-vec v0.1.1 was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow via the npy_token_next function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted file.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "sqlite-vec"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.1.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "sqlite-vec"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.1.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "RubyGems",
        "name": "sqlite-vec"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.1.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "crates.io",
        "name": "sqlite-vec"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.1.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-46488"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-122",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-09-25T22:13:19Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-09-25T18:15:05Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "sqlite-vec v0.1.1 was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow via the npy_token_next function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted file.",
  "id": "GHSA-vrcx-gx3g-j3h8",
  "modified": "2024-10-02T21:16:02Z",
  "published": "2024-09-25T18:31:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-46488"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/VulnSphere/LLMVulnSphere/blob/main/VectorDB/sqlite-vec/OOBR_2.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-vrcx-gx3g-j3h8"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/asg017/sqlite-vec"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/asg017/sqlite-vec/releases/tag/v0.1.3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/sqlite-vec/CVE-2024-46488.yml"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Heap-based Buffer Overflow in sqlite-vec"
}

GHSA-VRR7-V9J5-CMR4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-03 21:31 – Updated: 2025-12-03 21:31
VLAI
Details

A heap buffer overflow in compiler.c and compiler.h in Pepper language 0.1.1commit 961a5d9988c5986d563310275adad3fd181b2bb7. Malicious execution of a pepper source file(.pr) could lead to arbitrary code execution or Denial of Service.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-50360"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-122"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-03T19:15:56Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A heap buffer overflow in compiler.c and compiler.h in Pepper language 0.1.1commit 961a5d9988c5986d563310275adad3fd181b2bb7. Malicious execution of a pepper source file(.pr) could lead to arbitrary code execution or Denial of Service.",
  "id": "GHSA-vrr7-v9j5-cmr4",
  "modified": "2025-12-03T21:31:04Z",
  "published": "2025-12-03T21:31:04Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-50360"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Ch1keen/CVE-2025-50360"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/dannyvankooten/pepper-lang"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation

Pre-design: Use a language or compiler that performs automatic bounds checking.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.

Mitigation MIT-10
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation
Implementation

Implement and perform bounds checking on input.

Mitigation
Implementation

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Look for their safe equivalent, which checks for the boundary.

Mitigation
Operation

Use OS-level preventative functionality. This is not a complete solution, but it provides some defense in depth.

CAPEC-92: Forced Integer Overflow

This attack forces an integer variable to go out of range. The integer variable is often used as an offset such as size of memory allocation or similarly. The attacker would typically control the value of such variable and try to get it out of range. For instance the integer in question is incremented past the maximum possible value, it may wrap to become a very small, or negative number, therefore providing a very incorrect value which can lead to unexpected behavior. At worst the attacker can execute arbitrary code.