Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-122

Allowed

Heap-based Buffer Overflow

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft

A heap overflow condition is a buffer overflow, where the buffer that can be overwritten is allocated in the heap portion of memory, generally meaning that the buffer was allocated using a routine such as malloc().

4101 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-9QCV-F3W6-JHH5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-30 21:30 – Updated: 2024-12-30 21:30
VLAI
Details

Ashlar-Vellum Graphite VC6 File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Ashlar-Vellum Graphite. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.

The specific flaw exists within the parsing of VC6 files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-24977.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-13051"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-122",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-12-30T21:15:07Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Ashlar-Vellum Graphite VC6 File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Ashlar-Vellum Graphite. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of VC6 files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-24977.",
  "id": "GHSA-9qcv-f3w6-jhh5",
  "modified": "2024-12-30T21:30:47Z",
  "published": "2024-12-30T21:30:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-13051"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-1735"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9QP5-76V7-3G7W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-10 18:32 – Updated: 2025-06-10 18:32
VLAI
Details

Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office Word allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-47169"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-122"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-06-10T17:23:45Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office Word allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.",
  "id": "GHSA-9qp5-76v7-3g7w",
  "modified": "2025-06-10T18:32:30Z",
  "published": "2025-06-10T18:32:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-47169"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-47169"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9QPR-RVWC-J2WC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-08 18:34 – Updated: 2025-04-08 18:34
VLAI
Details

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Telephony Service allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-21221"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-122"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-08T18:15:45Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Telephony Service allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.",
  "id": "GHSA-9qpr-rvwc-j2wc",
  "modified": "2025-04-08T18:34:44Z",
  "published": "2025-04-08T18:34:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21221"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21221"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9R22-HFR9-VVX7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-16 15:30 – Updated: 2026-03-27 09:31
VLAI
Details

Heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Softing Industrial Automation GmbH smartLink SW-PN and smartLink SW-HT (Webserver modules) allows overflow buffers.This issue affects:

smartLink SW-PN: through 1.03

smartLink SW-HT: through 1.42

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-10685"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-122"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-16T14:17:53Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Softing Industrial Automation GmbH smartLink SW-PN and smartLink SW-HT (Webserver modules) allows overflow buffers.This issue affects:\n\nsmartLink SW-PN: through 1.03\n\nsmartLink SW-HT: through 1.42",
  "id": "GHSA-9r22-hfr9-vvx7",
  "modified": "2026-03-27T09:31:17Z",
  "published": "2026-03-16T15:30:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-10685"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://https://industrial.softing.com/fileadmin/psirt/downloads/2025/CVE-2025-10685.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://https://industrial.softing.com/fileadmin/psirt/downloads/2025/CVE-2025-10685.json"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://industrial.softing.com/fileadmin/psirt/downloads/2025/CVE-2025-10685.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://industrial.softing.com/fileadmin/psirt/downloads/2025/CVE-2025-10685.json"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:H/E:U/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:Y/R:A/V:X/RE:L/U:Red",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9R74-Q979-V6GQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-14 18:32 – Updated: 2026-07-14 18:32
VLAI
Details

Integer overflow or wraparound in Microsoft Defender allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-55012"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-122"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-14T17:17:09Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Integer overflow or wraparound in Microsoft Defender allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.",
  "id": "GHSA-9r74-q979-v6gq",
  "modified": "2026-07-14T18:32:10Z",
  "published": "2026-07-14T18:32:10Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-55012"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-55012"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9R89-RH23-VF6R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-30 06:30 – Updated: 2025-05-31 00:30
VLAI
Details

hdf5 v1.14.6 was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow via the H5Z__filter_scaleoffset function.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-44905"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-122"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-05-30T04:15:46Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "hdf5 v1.14.6 was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow via the H5Z__filter_scaleoffset function.",
  "id": "GHSA-9r89-rh23-vf6r",
  "modified": "2025-05-31T00:30:28Z",
  "published": "2025-05-30T06:30:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-44905"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/madao123123/crash_report/blob/main/hdf5_poc/hdf5_poc5.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9RG8-84XX-J7X9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-14 18:32 – Updated: 2025-01-14 18:32
VLAI
Details

Windows Telephony Service Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-21266"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-122"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-14T18:15:45Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Windows Telephony Service Remote Code Execution Vulnerability",
  "id": "GHSA-9rg8-84xx-j7x9",
  "modified": "2025-01-14T18:32:03Z",
  "published": "2025-01-14T18:32:03Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21266"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21266"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9RH9-6HGF-65F4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-09 18:30 – Updated: 2024-04-09 18:30
VLAI
Details

Microsoft OLE DB Driver for SQL Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-29984"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-122"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-09T17:16:01Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Microsoft OLE DB Driver for SQL Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability",
  "id": "GHSA-9rh9-6hgf-65f4",
  "modified": "2024-04-09T18:30:28Z",
  "published": "2024-04-09T18:30:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-29984"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2024-29984"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9RPX-W5W4-CQ4R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-12 18:30 – Updated: 2024-11-12 18:30
VLAI
Details

SQL Server Native Client Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-49005"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-122"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-12T18:15:38Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "SQL Server Native Client Remote Code Execution Vulnerability",
  "id": "GHSA-9rpx-w5w4-cq4r",
  "modified": "2024-11-12T18:30:59Z",
  "published": "2024-11-12T18:30:59Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-49005"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2024-49005"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9RQF-45X9-XP9F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-14 15:32 – Updated: 2024-07-03 18:40
VLAI
Details

HDF5 through 1.14.3 contains a heap buffer overflow in H5HG__cache_heap_deserialize, resulting in the corruption of the instruction pointer and causing denial of service or potential code execution.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-29160"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-122"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-14T15:15:32Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "HDF5 through 1.14.3 contains a heap buffer overflow in H5HG__cache_heap_deserialize, resulting in the corruption of the instruction pointer and causing denial of service or potential code execution.",
  "id": "GHSA-9rqf-45x9-xp9f",
  "modified": "2024-07-03T18:40:23Z",
  "published": "2024-05-14T15:32:54Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-29160"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.hdfgroup.org/2024/05/new-hdf5-cve-issues-fixed-in-1-14-4"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation

Pre-design: Use a language or compiler that performs automatic bounds checking.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.

Mitigation MIT-10
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation
Implementation

Implement and perform bounds checking on input.

Mitigation
Implementation

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Look for their safe equivalent, which checks for the boundary.

Mitigation
Operation

Use OS-level preventative functionality. This is not a complete solution, but it provides some defense in depth.

CAPEC-92: Forced Integer Overflow

This attack forces an integer variable to go out of range. The integer variable is often used as an offset such as size of memory allocation or similarly. The attacker would typically control the value of such variable and try to get it out of range. For instance the integer in question is incremented past the maximum possible value, it may wrap to become a very small, or negative number, therefore providing a very incorrect value which can lead to unexpected behavior. At worst the attacker can execute arbitrary code.