Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-121
AllowedStack-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).
5204 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-XR9Q-H9C7-XW8Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-27 18:27 – Updated: 2025-05-27 18:31
VLAI
Summary
Rancher allows an unauthenticated stack overflow in /v3-public/authproviders API
Details
Impact
An unauthenticated stack overflow crash, leading to a denial of service (DoS), was identified in Rancher’s /v3-public/authproviders public API endpoint. A malicious user could submit data to the API which would cause the Rancher server to crash, but no malicious or incorrect data would actually be written in the API. The downstream clusters, i.e., the clusters managed by Rancher, are not affected by this issue.
This vulnerability affects those using external authentication providers as well as Rancher’s local authentication.
Patches
The patch includes the removal of unnecessary HTTP methods of the specific API.
Patched versions include releases v2.8.13, v2.9.7 and v2.10.3.
Workarounds
There are no workarounds for this issue. Users are recommended to upgrade, as soon as possible, to a version of Rancher Manager that contains the fix.
References
If you have any questions or comments about this advisory: - Reach out to the SUSE Rancher Security team for security related inquiries. - Open an issue in the Rancher repository. - Verify with our support matrix and product support lifecycle.
Severity
8.2 (High)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/rancher/rancher"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.8.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.8.13"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/rancher/rancher"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.9.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.9.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/rancher/rancher"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.10.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.10.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-23388"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-02-27T18:27:49Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-11T11:15:42Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Impact\nAn unauthenticated stack overflow crash, leading to a denial of service (DoS), was identified in Rancher\u2019s `/v3-public/authproviders` public API endpoint. A malicious user could submit data to the API which would cause the Rancher server to crash, but no malicious or incorrect data would actually be written in the API. The downstream clusters, i.e., the clusters managed by Rancher, are not affected by this issue.\n\nThis vulnerability affects those using external authentication providers as well as Rancher\u2019s local authentication.\n\n### Patches\nThe patch includes the removal of unnecessary HTTP methods of the specific API.\n\nPatched versions include releases `v2.8.13`, `v2.9.7` and `v2.10.3`.\n\n### Workarounds\nThere are no workarounds for this issue. Users are recommended to upgrade, as soon as possible, to a version of Rancher Manager that contains the fix.\n\n### References\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n- Reach out to the [SUSE Rancher Security team](https://github.com/rancher/rancher/security/policy) for security related inquiries.\n- Open an issue in the [Rancher](https://github.com/rancher/rancher/issues/new/choose) repository.\n- Verify with our [support matrix](https://www.suse.com/suse-rancher/support-matrix/all-supported-versions/) and [product support lifecycle](https://www.suse.com/lifecycle/).",
"id": "GHSA-xr9q-h9c7-xw8q",
"modified": "2025-05-27T18:31:11Z",
"published": "2025-02-27T18:27:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rancher/rancher/security/advisories/GHSA-xr9q-h9c7-xw8q"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rancher/rancher/pull/48608"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rancher/rancher/pull/48954"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rancher/rancher/pull/48957"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rancher/rancher/pull/48958"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rancher/rancher/commit/5c7aded42509ae526383bb296138e8ea0dff9d13"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rancher/rancher/commit/92d55b799ac172734106569b61ca87bbd5affcb2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rancher/rancher/commit/a263bf3466717ee4bab802d499a5a167d274813d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rancher/rancher/commit/de3ffa88cc75ae3da122bd36a4489663b5157ee3"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/rancher/rancher"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rancher/rancher/releases/tag/v2.10.3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rancher/rancher/releases/tag/v2.8.13"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rancher/rancher/releases/tag/v2.9.7"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Rancher allows an unauthenticated stack overflow in /v3-public/authproviders API"
}
GHSA-XRF6-V8XR-FG2F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-13 18:31 – Updated: 2025-11-13 18:31
VLAI
Details
A stack-based buffer overflow exists in the get_merge_ipaddr function of the httpd binary on Linksys E1200 v2 routers (Firmware E1200_v2.0.11.001_us.tar.gz). The function concatenates up to four user-supplied CGI parameters matching _0~3 into a fixed-size buffer (a2) without bounds checking. Remote attackers can exploit this vulnerability via specially crafted HTTP requests to execute arbitrary code or cause denial of service without authentication.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-60690"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-13T17:15:48Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A stack-based buffer overflow exists in the get_merge_ipaddr function of the httpd binary on Linksys E1200 v2 routers (Firmware E1200_v2.0.11.001_us.tar.gz). The function concatenates up to four user-supplied CGI parameters matching \u003cparameter\u003e_0~3 into a fixed-size buffer (a2) without bounds checking. Remote attackers can exploit this vulnerability via specially crafted HTTP requests to execute arbitrary code or cause denial of service without authentication.",
"id": "GHSA-xrf6-v8xr-fg2f",
"modified": "2025-11-13T18:31:05Z",
"published": "2025-11-13T18:31:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-60690"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/yifan20020708/SGTaint-0-day/blob/main/Linksys/Linksys-E1200/CVE-2025-60690.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.linksys.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://linksys.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XRH5-VQQV-GC4M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-14 18:32 – Updated: 2026-07-14 18:32
VLAI
Details
Stack-based buffer overflow in Active Directory Federation Services allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-50304"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-14T18:17:28Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Stack-based buffer overflow in Active Directory Federation Services allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network.",
"id": "GHSA-xrh5-vqqv-gc4m",
"modified": "2026-07-14T18:32:14Z",
"published": "2026-07-14T18:32:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-50304"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-50304"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XRJX-PR69-2FRV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-29 15:30 – Updated: 2024-08-01 18:32
VLAI
Details
Tenda FH1205 v2.0.0.7(775) has a stack overflow vulnerability in the schedStartTime parameter from setSchedWifi function.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-30631"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-29T13:15:16Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Tenda FH1205 v2.0.0.7(775) has a stack overflow vulnerability in the schedStartTime parameter from setSchedWifi function.",
"id": "GHSA-xrjx-pr69-2frv",
"modified": "2024-08-01T18:32:49Z",
"published": "2024-03-29T15:30:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-30631"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/FH/FH1205/setSchedWifi_start.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XRPF-8365-6MRJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-02-18 00:31 – Updated: 2023-02-18 00:31
VLAI
Details
Adobe Animate versions 22.0.8 (and earlier) and 23.0.0 (and earlier) are affected by a Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-22243"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-02-17T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Adobe Animate versions 22.0.8 (and earlier) and 23.0.0 (and earlier) are affected by a Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-xrpf-8365-6mrj",
"modified": "2023-02-18T00:31:59Z",
"published": "2023-02-18T00:31:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-22243"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/animate/apsb23-15.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XV7F-HRP6-5MHH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:38 – Updated: 2025-10-22 03:30
VLAI
Details
Stack-based buffer overflow in the acdb_ioctl function in audio_acdb.c in the acdb audio driver for the Linux kernel 2.6.x and 3.x, as used in Qualcomm Innovation Center (QuIC) Android contributions for MSM devices and other products, allows attackers to gain privileges via an application that leverages /dev/msm_acdb access and provides a large size value in an ioctl argument.
Severity
8.4 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2013-2597"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2014-08-31T10:55:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Stack-based buffer overflow in the acdb_ioctl function in audio_acdb.c in the acdb audio driver for the Linux kernel 2.6.x and 3.x, as used in Qualcomm Innovation Center (QuIC) Android contributions for MSM devices and other products, allows attackers to gain privileges via an application that leverages /dev/msm_acdb access and provides a large size value in an ioctl argument.",
"id": "GHSA-xv7f-hrp6-5mhh",
"modified": "2025-10-22T03:30:37Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T04:38:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-2597"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2013-2597"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.codeaurora.org/projects/security-advisories/stack-based-buffer-overflow-acdb-audio-driver-cve-2013-2597"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XVC7-7QXH-QW3M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-29 21:30 – Updated: 2026-02-03 18:30
VLAI
Details
A stack overflow in the mk_http_index_lookup function (mk_server/mk_http.c) of monkey commit f37e984 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via sending a crafted HTTP request to the server.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-63658"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-29T20:16:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A stack overflow in the mk_http_index_lookup function (mk_server/mk_http.c) of monkey commit f37e984 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via sending a crafted HTTP request to the server.",
"id": "GHSA-xvc7-7qxh-qw3m",
"modified": "2026-02-03T18:30:31Z",
"published": "2026-01-29T21:30:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-63658"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/monkey/monkey/issues/427"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/archersec/security-advisories/blob/master/monkey/monkey-advisory-2025.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XVFG-M24J-R4PM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-07 18:32 – Updated: 2025-07-08 18:31
VLAI
Details
LuaJIT through 2.1 has a stack-buffer-overflow in lj_strfmt_wfnum in lj_strfmt_num.c.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-25176"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-07T17:15:27Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "LuaJIT through 2.1 has a stack-buffer-overflow in lj_strfmt_wfnum in lj_strfmt_num.c.",
"id": "GHSA-xvfg-m24j-r4pm",
"modified": "2025-07-08T18:31:22Z",
"published": "2025-07-07T18:32:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-25176"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/LuaJIT/LuaJIT/issues/1149"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/LuaJIT/LuaJIT/commit/343ce0edaf3906a62022936175b2f5410024cbfc"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/pwnhacker0x18/cd75d01fc7c9b6c85c183fbe5353d276"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XVHC-R5Q4-HCGJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-09 18:31 – Updated: 2026-06-09 18:31
VLAI
Details
InCopy versions 21.3, 20.5.3 and earlier are affected by a Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-34708"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-09T18:16:43Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "InCopy versions 21.3, 20.5.3 and earlier are affected by a Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-xvhc-r5q4-hcgj",
"modified": "2026-06-09T18:31:03Z",
"published": "2026-06-09T18:31:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-34708"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/incopy/apsb26-59.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XVHQ-QRMP-CX9W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-14 00:31 – Updated: 2026-01-14 00:31
VLAI
Details
Inbit Messenger 4.6.0 - 4.9.0 contains a remote command execution vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary commands by exploiting a stack overflow in the messenger's protocol. Attackers can send specially crafted XML packets to port 10883 with a malicious payload to trigger the vulnerability and execute commands with system privileges.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-54329"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-13T23:15:59Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Inbit Messenger 4.6.0 - 4.9.0 contains a remote command execution vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary commands by exploiting a stack overflow in the messenger\u0027s protocol. Attackers can send specially crafted XML packets to port 10883 with a malicious payload to trigger the vulnerability and execute commands with system privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-xvhq-qrmp-cx9w",
"modified": "2026-01-14T00:31:29Z",
"published": "2026-01-14T00:31:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-54329"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/a-rey/exploits/blob/main/writeups/Inbit_Messenger/v4.6.0/writeup.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20200122082432/https://www.softsea.com/review/Inbit-Messenger-Basic-Edition.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/51127"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/inbit-messenger-unauthenticated-remote-command-execution-rce"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation
Implementation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Implementation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.