Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-121

Allowed

Stack-based Buffer Overflow

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft

A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).

5220 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-P66F-379F-MM3C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-22 06:30 – Updated: 2024-03-22 06:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Tenda AC15 15.03.05.18/15.03.20_multi. Affected is the function formSetFirewallCfg of the file /goform/SetFirewallCfg. The manipulation of the argument firewallEn leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-257664. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-2809"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-03-22T06:15:08Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Tenda AC15 15.03.05.18/15.03.20_multi. Affected is the function formSetFirewallCfg of the file /goform/SetFirewallCfg. The manipulation of the argument firewallEn leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-257664. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
  "id": "GHSA-p66f-379f-mm3c",
  "modified": "2024-03-22T06:30:26Z",
  "published": "2024-03-22T06:30:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-2809"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/AC15/V1.0%20V15.03.20_multi/formSetFirewallCfg.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.257664"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.257664"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P672-97F8-CHMQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:44 – Updated: 2022-10-20 12:00
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been identified in RUGGEDCOM RM1224 (All versions >= V4.3), SCALANCE M-800 (All versions >= V4.3), SCALANCE S615 (All versions >= V4.3), SCALANCE SC-600 Family (All versions >= V2.0 and < V2.1.3), SCALANCE X300WG (All versions < V4.1), SCALANCE XM400 (All versions < V6.2), SCALANCE XR500 (All versions < V6.2), SCALANCE Xx200 Family (All versions < V4.1). Affected devices contain a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the handling of STP BPDU frames that could allow a remote attacker to trigger a denial-of-service condition or potentially remote code execution. Successful exploitation requires the passive listening feature of the device to be active.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-25667"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-03-15T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been identified in RUGGEDCOM RM1224 (All versions \u003e= V4.3), SCALANCE M-800 (All versions \u003e= V4.3), SCALANCE S615 (All versions \u003e= V4.3), SCALANCE SC-600 Family (All versions \u003e= V2.0 and \u003c V2.1.3), SCALANCE X300WG (All versions \u003c V4.1), SCALANCE XM400 (All versions \u003c V6.2), SCALANCE XR500 (All versions \u003c V6.2), SCALANCE Xx200 Family (All versions \u003c V4.1). Affected devices contain a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the handling of STP BPDU frames that could allow a remote attacker to trigger a denial-of-service condition or potentially remote code execution. Successful exploitation requires the passive listening feature of the device to be active.",
  "id": "GHSA-p672-97f8-chmq",
  "modified": "2022-10-20T12:00:19Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:44:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-25667"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-979775.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-21-068-03"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P678-R7CM-66FH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-25 18:32 – Updated: 2024-04-04 08:56
VLAI
Details

TOTOLINK X2000R Gh v1.0.0-B20230221.0948.web was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function formIpQoS.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-46563"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-10-25T18:17:39Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "TOTOLINK X2000R Gh v1.0.0-B20230221.0948.web was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function formIpQoS.",
  "id": "GHSA-p678-r7cm-66fh",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T08:56:36Z",
  "published": "2023-10-25T18:32:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-46563"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/XYIYM/Digging/blob/main/TOTOLINK/X2000R/7/1.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://totolink.cn/home/menu/detail.html?menu_listtpl=download\u0026id=85\u0026ids=36"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P67G-MW2C-3764

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-21 21:32 – Updated: 2025-08-21 21:32
VLAI
Details

gAlan 0.2.1, a modular audio processing environment for Windows, is vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow when parsing .galan files. The application fails to properly validate the length of input data, allowing a specially crafted file to overwrite the stack and execute arbitrary code. Exploitation requires local interaction, typically by convincing a user to open the malicious file.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2009-20004"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-08-21T21:15:33Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "gAlan 0.2.1, a modular audio processing environment for Windows, is vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow when parsing .galan files. The application fails to properly validate the length of input data, allowing a specially crafted file to overwrite the stack and execute arbitrary code. Exploitation requires local interaction, typically by convincing a user to open the malicious file.",
  "id": "GHSA-p67g-mw2c-3764",
  "modified": "2025-08-21T21:32:07Z",
  "published": "2025-08-21T21:32:07Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2009-20004"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/master/modules/exploits/windows/fileformat/galan_fileformat_bof.rb"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20101210055252/http://galan.sourceforge.net"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/10339"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/10345"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/16664"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.fortiguard.com/encyclopedia/ips/18034/galan-galan-file-stack-overflow"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/galan-buffer-overflow"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P682-W72J-447W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:46 – Updated: 2024-04-04 00:50
VLAI
Details

A stack buffer overflow exists in one of the Orpak SiteOmat CGI components, allowing for remote code execution. The vulnerability affects all versions prior to 2017-09-25.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-14854"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-119",
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-06-03T20:29:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "A stack buffer overflow exists in one of the Orpak SiteOmat CGI components, allowing for remote code execution. The vulnerability affects all versions prior to 2017-09-25.",
  "id": "GHSA-p682-w72j-447w",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T00:50:37Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:46:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-14854"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-19-122-01"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.orpak.com"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/108167"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P6CF-XMXH-R962

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:26 – Updated: 2024-01-23 03:31
VLAI
Details

HMS Industrial Networks AB eCatcher all versions prior to 6.5.5. The affected product is vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow, which may allow an attacker to remotely execute arbitrary code.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-14498"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-08-26T14:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "HMS Industrial Networks AB eCatcher all versions prior to 6.5.5. The affected product is vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow, which may allow an attacker to remotely execute arbitrary code.",
  "id": "GHSA-p6cf-xmxh-r962",
  "modified": "2024-01-23T03:31:07Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:26:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-14498"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-20-210-03"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.hms-networks.com/cybersecurity/security-advisories"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P6Q2-W3W9-4CJW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-22 15:32 – Updated: 2025-02-07 03:32
VLAI
Details

The NextEPC MME <= 1.0.1 (fixed in commit a8492c9c5bc0a66c6999cb5a263545b32a4109df) contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the Emergency Number List decoding method. An attacker may send a NAS message containing an oversized Emergency Number List value to the MME to overwrite the stack with arbitrary bytes. An attacker with a cellphone connection to any base station managed by the MME may exploit this vulnerability without having to authenticate with the LTE core.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-36998"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-22T15:15:09Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The NextEPC MME \u003c= 1.0.1 (fixed in commit a8492c9c5bc0a66c6999cb5a263545b32a4109df) contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the Emergency Number List decoding method. An attacker may send a NAS message containing an oversized Emergency Number List value to the MME to overwrite the stack with arbitrary bytes. An attacker with a cellphone connection to any base station managed by the MME may exploit this vulnerability without having to authenticate with the LTE core.",
  "id": "GHSA-p6q2-w3w9-4cjw",
  "modified": "2025-02-07T03:32:01Z",
  "published": "2025-01-22T15:32:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-36998"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cellularsecurity.org/ransacked"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://nextepc.com"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P74C-HF5M-VP2X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-10 21:30 – Updated: 2024-12-10 21:30
VLAI
Details

InDesign Desktop versions ID19.5, ID18.5.4 and earlier are affected by a Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-49543"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-12-10T21:15:16Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "InDesign Desktop versions ID19.5, ID18.5.4 and earlier are affected by a Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
  "id": "GHSA-p74c-hf5m-vp2x",
  "modified": "2024-12-10T21:30:53Z",
  "published": "2024-12-10T21:30:53Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-49543"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/indesign/apsb24-97.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P79R-6QWM-7XG5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-16 21:31 – Updated: 2024-04-16 21:31
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Tenda W30E 1.0.1.25(633). This affects the function formSetCfm of the file /goform/setcfm. The manipulation of the argument funcpara1 leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-260913 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-3879"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-16T19:15:08Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Tenda W30E 1.0.1.25(633). This affects the function formSetCfm of the file /goform/setcfm. The manipulation of the argument funcpara1 leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-260913 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
  "id": "GHSA-p79r-6qwm-7xg5",
  "modified": "2024-04-16T21:31:28Z",
  "published": "2024-04-16T21:31:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-3879"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/W30E/formSetCfm.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.260913"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.260913"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.312822"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P7C5-WHJ7-83VC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-02 12:31 – Updated: 2024-08-02 12:31
VLAI
Details

The specific API in TCBServiSign Windows Version from CHANGING Information Technology does does not properly validate the length of server-side input. When a user visits a spoofed website, unauthenticated remote attackers can cause a stack-based buffer overflow in the TCBServiSign, temporarily disrupting its service.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-40722"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-08-02T11:16:43Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The specific API in TCBServiSign Windows Version from CHANGING Information Technology does does not properly validate the length of server-side input. When a user visits a spoofed website, unauthenticated remote attackers can cause a stack-based buffer overflow in the TCBServiSign, temporarily disrupting its service.",
  "id": "GHSA-p7c5-whj7-83vc",
  "modified": "2024-08-02T12:31:43Z",
  "published": "2024-08-02T12:31:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-40722"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/en/cp-139-7973-e10c6-2.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-7967-9efdf-1.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-10
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.

Mitigation
Implementation

Implement and perform bounds checking on input.

Mitigation
Implementation

Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.

Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.