CWE-121
AllowedStack-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).
5266 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-6V5J-PRR3-PHF9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-16 03:31 – Updated: 2026-04-16 03:31MailGates/MailAudit developed by Openfind has a Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to control the program's execution flow and execute arbitrary code.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-6350"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-16T03:16:30Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "MailGates/MailAudit developed by Openfind has a Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to control the program\u0027s execution flow and execute arbitrary code.",
"id": "GHSA-6v5j-prr3-phf9",
"modified": "2026-04-16T03:31:06Z",
"published": "2026-04-16T03:31:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-6350"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/en/cp-139-10843-9ff91-2.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-10844-1405d-1.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-6V98-Q8CQ-9RX2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-11 15:31 – Updated: 2024-06-11 15:31A stack-based buffer overflow in Fortinet FortiOS version 7.4.0 through 7.4.1 and 7.2.0 through 7.2.7 and 7.0.0 through 7.0.12 and 6.4.6 through 6.4.15 and 6.2.9 through 6.2.16 and 6.0.13 through 6.0.18 allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via specially crafted CLI commands.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-46720"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-11T15:15:55Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A stack-based buffer overflow in Fortinet FortiOS version 7.4.0 through 7.4.1 and 7.2.0 through 7.2.7 and 7.0.0 through 7.0.12 and 6.4.6 through 6.4.15 and 6.2.9 through 6.2.16 and 6.0.13 through 6.0.18 allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via specially crafted CLI commands.",
"id": "GHSA-6v98-q8cq-9rx2",
"modified": "2024-06-11T15:31:14Z",
"published": "2024-06-11T15:31:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-46720"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-23-356"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6VRV-6QRF-5VWC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-13 21:30 – Updated: 2024-07-03 18:45TOTOLINK A3700R V9.1.2u.6165_20211012 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via ssid in the function setWiFiGuestCfg
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-37633"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-13T19:15:52Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "TOTOLINK A3700R V9.1.2u.6165_20211012 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via ssid in the function setWiFiGuestCfg",
"id": "GHSA-6vrv-6qrf-5vwc",
"modified": "2024-07-03T18:45:02Z",
"published": "2024-06-13T21:30:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-37633"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/s4ndw1ch136/IOT-vuln-reports/blob/main/TOTOLINK/A3700R/setWiFiGuestCfg/README.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6W2M-54FM-R889
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:31 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:31D-Link DAP-1325 get_value_of_key Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-1325 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the handling of XML data provided to the HNAP1 SOAP endpoint. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-18824.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-44405"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T03:15:53Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "D-Link DAP-1325 get_value_of_key Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-1325 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the handling of XML data provided to the HNAP1 SOAP endpoint. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-18824.",
"id": "GHSA-6w2m-54fm-r889",
"modified": "2024-05-03T03:31:04Z",
"published": "2024-05-03T03:31:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-44405"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1503"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6W45-XHJF-2PWW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-07 03:30 – Updated: 2025-07-07 03:30Stack overflow risk when vector images are parsed during file preview Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect the file preview function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-53176"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-07T03:15:28Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Stack overflow risk when vector images are parsed during file preview\nImpact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect the file preview function.",
"id": "GHSA-6w45-xhjf-2pww",
"modified": "2025-07-07T03:30:23Z",
"published": "2025-07-07T03:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-53176"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletin/2025/7"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6W55-M9X6-7P2P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-17 15:30 – Updated: 2024-08-09 18:30Tenda FH1205 V2.0.0.7(775) firmware has a stack overflow vulnerability located via the PPW parameter in the fromWizardHandle function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-32307"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-17T13:15:08Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Tenda FH1205 V2.0.0.7(775) firmware has a stack overflow vulnerability located via the PPW parameter in the fromWizardHandle function.",
"id": "GHSA-6w55-m9x6-7p2p",
"modified": "2024-08-09T18:30:45Z",
"published": "2024-04-17T15:30:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-32307"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/FH/FH1205/fromWizardHandle.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6W55-MVG6-H5H5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-12 18:31 – Updated: 2025-03-05 21:32D-Link DIR-853 A1 FW1.20B07 was discovered to contain a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability via the IPv6_PppoePassword parameter in the SetIPv6PppoeSettings module.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-25741"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-12T18:15:28Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "D-Link DIR-853 A1 FW1.20B07 was discovered to contain a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability via the IPv6_PppoePassword parameter in the SetIPv6PppoeSettings module.",
"id": "GHSA-6w55-mvg6-h5h5",
"modified": "2025-03-05T21:32:04Z",
"published": "2025-02-12T18:31:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-25741"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://dear-sunshine-ba5.notion.site/D-Link-DIR-853-7-1812386a664480b7ac54d281afa629f5"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6W8X-VRH5-R745
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-27 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:55Tenda AC10U v1.0 US_AC10UV1.0RTL_V15.03.06.49_multi_TDE01 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the mac parameter in the GetParentControlInfo function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-44019"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-09-27T15:19:35Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Tenda AC10U v1.0 US_AC10UV1.0RTL_V15.03.06.49_multi_TDE01 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the mac parameter in the GetParentControlInfo function.",
"id": "GHSA-6w8x-vrh5-r745",
"modified": "2024-04-04T07:55:10Z",
"published": "2023-09-27T15:30:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-44019"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/aixiao0621/Tenda/blob/main/AC10U/5/0.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6WRQ-8H5H-P788
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-12 00:30 – Updated: 2023-01-23 15:30Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the "cc" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd s_sonos, at 0x9d01e228, the value for the c_group key is copied using strcpy to the buffer at $sp+0x2b0.This buffer is 32 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-16322"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-11T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the \"cc\" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd s_sonos, at 0x9d01e228, the value for the `c_group` key is copied using `strcpy` to the buffer at `$sp+0x2b0`.This buffer is 32 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.",
"id": "GHSA-6wrq-8h5h-p788",
"modified": "2023-01-23T15:30:35Z",
"published": "2023-01-12T00:30:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-16322"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2017-0483"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6WXC-JQG3-V947
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-09 09:31 – Updated: 2025-01-09 15:31The .so library, which is used by , is vulnerable to a buffer overflow in the code that handles the deletion of certificates. This buffer overflow can be triggered by providing a long file path to the action of the .exe CGI binary or to the .sh CGI script. This binary or script will write this file path to , which is then read by .so
This issue affects Iocharger firmware for AC models before version 24120701.
Likelihood: Moderate – An attacker will have to find this exploit by either obtaining the binaries involved in this vulnerability, or by trial and error. Furthermore, the attacker will need a (low privilege) account to gain access to the .exe CGI binary or .sh script to trigger the vulnerability, or convince a user with such access send an HTTP request that triggers it.
Impact: High – The process, which we assume is responsible for OCPP communication, will keep crashing after performing the exploit. This happens because the buffer overflow causes the process to segfault before is removed. This means that, even though is automatically restarted, it will crash again as soon as it tries to parse the text file.
CVSS clarification. The attack can be executed over any network connection the station is listening to and serves the web interface (AV:N), and there are no additional security measure sin place that need to be circumvented (AC:L), the attack does not rely on preconditions (AT:N). The attack does require authentication, but the level of authentication is irrelevant (PR:L), it does not require user interaction (UI:N). The attack leads to reducred availability of the device (VC:N/VI:N/VA:H). THere is not impact on subsequent systems. (SC:N/SI:N/SA:N). Alltough this device is an EV charger handing significant amounts of power, we do not forsee a safety impact. The attack can be automated (AU:Y). Because the DoS condition is written to disk persistantly, it cannot be recovered by the user (R:I).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-43661"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-09T08:15:29Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The \u003credacted\u003e.so library, which is used by \u003credacted\u003e, is\nvulnerable to a buffer overflow in the code that handles the deletion\nof certificates. This buffer overflow can be triggered by providing a\nlong file path to the \u003credacted\u003e action of the \u003credacted\u003e.exe CGI binary or\nto the \u003credacted\u003e.sh CGI script. This binary or script will write this\nfile path to \u003credacted\u003e, which is then\nread by \u003credacted\u003e.so\n\n\nThis issue affects Iocharger firmware for AC models before version 24120701.\n\nLikelihood: Moderate \u2013 An attacker will have to find this exploit by\neither obtaining the binaries involved in this vulnerability, or by trial\nand error. Furthermore, the attacker will need a (low privilege)\naccount to gain access to the \u003credacted\u003e.exe CGI binary or \u003credacted\u003e.sh\nscript to trigger the vulnerability, or convince a user with such access\nsend an HTTP request that triggers it.\n\n\nImpact: High \u2013 The \u003credacted\u003e process, which we assume is\nresponsible for OCPP communication, will keep crashing after\nperforming the exploit. This happens because the buffer overflow\ncauses the process to segfault before\n\u003credacted\u003e is removed. This means that,\neven though \u003credacted\u003e is automatically restarted, it will crash\nagain as soon as it tries to parse the text file.\n\nCVSS clarification. The attack can be executed over any network connection the station is listening to and serves the web interface (AV:N), and there are no additional security measure sin place that need to be circumvented (AC:L), the attack does not rely on preconditions (AT:N). The attack does require authentication, but the level of authentication is irrelevant (PR:L), it does not require user interaction (UI:N). The attack leads to reducred availability of the device (VC:N/VI:N/VA:H). THere is not impact on subsequent systems. (SC:N/SI:N/SA:N). Alltough this device is an EV charger handing significant amounts of power, we do not forsee a safety impact. The attack can be automated (AU:Y). Because the DoS condition is written to disk persistantly, it cannot be recovered by the user (R:I).",
"id": "GHSA-6wxc-jqg3-v947",
"modified": "2025-01-09T15:31:51Z",
"published": "2025-01-09T09:31:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-43661"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://csirt.divd.nl/CVE-2024-43661"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://csirt.divd.nl/DIVD-2024-00035"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://iocharger.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:Y/R:I/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.