CWE-121
AllowedStack-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).
5268 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-69MP-WCFM-5322
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-29 21:30 – Updated: 2025-10-29 21:30GIMP ILBM File Parsing Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of GIMP. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of ILBM files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-27793.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-10925"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-29T20:15:35Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "GIMP ILBM File Parsing Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of GIMP. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of ILBM files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-27793.",
"id": "GHSA-69mp-wcfm-5322",
"modified": "2025-10-29T21:30:33Z",
"published": "2025-10-29T21:30:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-10925"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gimp/-/merge_requests/2450"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-25-914"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6C3M-W6F2-9WMQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-27 18:32 – Updated: 2024-03-27 18:32A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Tenda FH1203 2.0.1.6. Affected by this issue is the function fromNatStaticSetting of the file /goform/NatStaticSetting. The manipulation of the argument page leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-258158 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-2989"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-27T18:15:11Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Tenda FH1203 2.0.1.6. Affected by this issue is the function fromNatStaticSetting of the file /goform/NatStaticSetting. The manipulation of the argument page leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-258158 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-6c3m-w6f2-9wmq",
"modified": "2024-03-27T18:32:39Z",
"published": "2024-03-27T18:32:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-2989"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/FH/FH1203/fromNatStaticSetting.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.258158"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.258158"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.301364"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6C9F-G24C-WM5R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:18 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:18Multiple vulnerabilities in the web services interface of Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Cisco Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to trigger a denial of service (DoS) condition. These vulnerabilities are due to improper input validation when parsing HTTPS requests. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending a malicious HTTPS request to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause the device to reload, resulting in a DoS condition.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-40118"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-20",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-10-27T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple vulnerabilities in the web services interface of Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Cisco Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to trigger a denial of service (DoS) condition. These vulnerabilities are due to improper input validation when parsing HTTPS requests. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending a malicious HTTPS request to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause the device to reload, resulting in a DoS condition.",
"id": "GHSA-6c9f-g24c-wm5r",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:18:53Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:18:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-40118"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-asafdt-webvpn-dos-KSqJAKPA"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6CCF-HF2R-5C2J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-13 21:30 – Updated: 2025-08-13 21:30GTA San Andreas Multiplayer (SA-MP) server version 0.3.1.1 is vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow triggered by parsing a malformed server.cfg configuration file. The vulnerability allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code when the server binary (samp-server.exe) processes a crafted echo directive containing excessive input. The original 'sa-mp.com' site is defunct, but the community maintains mirrors and forks that may be vulnerable.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2011-10014"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-13T21:15:28Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "GTA San Andreas Multiplayer (SA-MP) server version 0.3.1.1 is vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow triggered by parsing a malformed server.cfg configuration file. The vulnerability allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code when the server binary (samp-server.exe) processes a crafted echo directive containing excessive input. The original \u0027sa-mp.com\u0027 site is defunct, but the community maintains mirrors and forks that may be vulnerable.",
"id": "GHSA-6ccf-hf2r-5c2j",
"modified": "2025-08-13T21:30:29Z",
"published": "2025-08-13T21:30:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2011-10014"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/master/modules/exploits/windows/fileformat/gta_samp.rb"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/17893"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/18038"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/gta-sa-mp-buffer-overflow"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-6CMW-42PP-VRV8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-02 06:31 – Updated: 2024-12-02 18:31In power, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS09193374; Issue ID: MSV-1982.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-20130"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-02T04:15:05Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In power, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS09193374; Issue ID: MSV-1982.",
"id": "GHSA-6cmw-42pp-vrv8",
"modified": "2024-12-02T18:31:55Z",
"published": "2024-12-02T06:31:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-20130"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/December-2024"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6CX3-28WH-WJWV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-23 15:31 – Updated: 2024-09-23 15:31Sony XAV-AX5500 CarPlay TLV Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows physically present attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Sony XAV-AX5500 devices. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the implementation of the Apple CarPlay protocol. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the device.
Was ZDI-CAN-23238
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-23933"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-120",
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-09-23T15:15:13Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Sony XAV-AX5500 CarPlay TLV Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows physically present attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of \tSony XAV-AX5500 devices. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the implementation of the Apple CarPlay protocol. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the device.\n\nWas ZDI-CAN-23238",
"id": "GHSA-6cx3-28wh-wjwv",
"modified": "2024-09-23T15:31:00Z",
"published": "2024-09-23T15:31:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-23933"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.sony.com/electronics/support/mobile-cd-players-digital-media-players-xav-series/xav-ax5500/software/00274156"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-877"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6F56-38V3-2XVQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-15 12:00 – Updated: 2022-11-17 06:30XPDF v4.04 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function FileStream::copy() at xpdf/Stream.cc:795.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-43295"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-11-14T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "XPDF v4.04 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function FileStream::copy() at xpdf/Stream.cc:795.",
"id": "GHSA-6f56-38v3-2xvq",
"modified": "2022-11-17T06:30:19Z",
"published": "2022-11-15T12:00:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-43295"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://forum.xpdfreader.com/viewtopic.php?t=42360"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6F5P-4W3Q-JR7C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:31 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:31Hancom Office Cell XLS File Parsing Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Hancom Office Cell. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of XLS files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-20386.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-50234"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T03:16:12Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Hancom Office Cell XLS File Parsing Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Hancom Office Cell. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of XLS files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-20386.",
"id": "GHSA-6f5p-4w3q-jr7c",
"modified": "2024-05-03T03:31:06Z",
"published": "2024-05-03T03:31:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-50234"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1856"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6F5W-25P4-XQ44
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:41 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:41Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV016, RV042, RV042G, RV082, RV320, and RV325 Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause an affected device to restart unexpectedly. These vulnerabilities are due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user on the underlying operating system or cause the device to reload, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. To exploit these vulnerabilities, an attacker would need to have valid administrator credentials on the affected device.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-1320"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-04T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV016, RV042, RV042G, RV082, RV320, and RV325 Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause an affected device to restart unexpectedly. These vulnerabilities are due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user on the underlying operating system or cause the device to reload, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. To exploit these vulnerabilities, an attacker would need to have valid administrator credentials on the affected device.",
"id": "GHSA-6f5w-25p4-xq44",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:41:01Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:41:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1320"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-rv-overflow-ghZP68yj"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-6F7M-XP6M-6V3J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-05 21:32 – Updated: 2026-06-08 18:31Shenzhen Tenda Technology Co., Ltd Tenda FH451 V1.0.0.9 was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the page parameter of the fromDhcpListClient function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted HTTP request.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-36785"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-05T21:16:30Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Shenzhen Tenda Technology Co., Ltd Tenda FH451 V1.0.0.9 was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the page parameter of the fromDhcpListClient function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted HTTP request.",
"id": "GHSA-6f7m-xp6m-6v3j",
"modified": "2026-06-08T18:31:45Z",
"published": "2026-06-05T21:32:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-36785"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/xhh0124/SemVulLLM"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/xhh0124/SemVulLLM/tree/main/FH451/fromDhcpListClient_0"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.