Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-121

Allowed

Stack-based Buffer Overflow

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft

A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).

5275 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-4G9W-6F9W-CJC7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-07 15:30 – Updated: 2024-07-03 18:39
VLAI
Details

MP-SPDZ v0.3.8 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function OTExtensionWithMatrix::extend in /OT/OTExtensionWithMatrix.cpp. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted message.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-33782"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-07T14:15:10Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "MP-SPDZ v0.3.8 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function OTExtensionWithMatrix::extend in /OT/OTExtensionWithMatrix.cpp. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted message.",
  "id": "GHSA-4g9w-6f9w-cjc7",
  "modified": "2024-07-03T18:39:20Z",
  "published": "2024-05-07T15:30:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-33782"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/FudanMPL/Vulnerabilities-in-MPC-Framework/tree/main/MP-SPDZ/stack-buffer-overflow-OTExtensionWithMatrix"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4GHP-C9J4-934J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-12 00:30 – Updated: 2023-01-23 18:30
VLAI
Details

Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the "cc" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd l_b, at 0x9d015cfc, the value for the grp key is copied using strcpy to the buffer at $sp+0x1b4.This buffer is 8 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-16264"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-01-11T22:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the \"cc\" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd l_b, at 0x9d015cfc, the value for the `grp` key is copied using `strcpy` to the buffer at `$sp+0x1b4`.This buffer is 8 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.",
  "id": "GHSA-4ghp-c9j4-934j",
  "modified": "2023-01-23T18:30:19Z",
  "published": "2023-01-12T00:30:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-16264"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2017-0483"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4GXQ-MQGW-J2WW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-04 12:30 – Updated: 2023-01-10 18:30
VLAI
Details

In sprd_sysdump driver, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local denial of service in kernel.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-39116"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-01-04T10:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In sprd_sysdump driver, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local denial of service in kernel.",
  "id": "GHSA-4gxq-mqgw-j2ww",
  "modified": "2023-01-10T18:30:28Z",
  "published": "2023-01-04T12:30:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-39116"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/1610118225591336001"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4H5R-R8CJ-6RJ3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-14 00:30 – Updated: 2025-02-14 00:30
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered in Mercedes Benz NTG (New Telematics Generation) 6 through 2021. A possible stack buffer overflow in the Service Broker service affects NTG 6 head units. To perform this attack, physical access to Ethernet pins of the head unit base board is needed. With a static IP address, an attacker can connect via the internal network to the Service Broker service. With prepared HTTP requests, an attacker can cause the Service-Broker service to fail.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-37600"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-02-13T23:15:10Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in Mercedes Benz NTG (New Telematics Generation) 6 through 2021. A possible stack buffer overflow in the Service Broker service affects NTG 6 head units. To perform this attack, physical access to Ethernet pins of the head unit base board is needed. With a static IP address, an attacker can connect via the internal network to the Service Broker service. With prepared HTTP requests, an attacker can cause the Service-Broker service to fail.",
  "id": "GHSA-4h5r-r8cj-6rj3",
  "modified": "2025-02-14T00:30:44Z",
  "published": "2025-02-14T00:30:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-37600"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://securelist.com/mercedes-benz-head-unit-security-research/115218"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4H6C-RHPP-Q86H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-20 15:30 – Updated: 2025-11-20 21:30
VLAI
Details

A Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the SonicOS SSLVPN service allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to cause Denial of Service (DoS), which could cause an impacted firewall to crash.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-40601"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-11-20T15:17:28Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the SonicOS SSLVPN service allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to cause Denial of Service (DoS), which could cause an impacted firewall to crash.",
  "id": "GHSA-4h6c-rhpp-q86h",
  "modified": "2025-11-20T21:30:31Z",
  "published": "2025-11-20T15:30:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-40601"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://psirt.global.sonicwall.com/vuln-detail/SNWLID-2025-0016"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4H6J-2WPQ-2XV2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-21 15:31 – Updated: 2024-05-21 15:31
VLAI
Details

Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in ZkTeco-based OEM devices allows, in some cases, the execution of arbitrary code. Due to the lack of protection mechanisms such as stack canaries and PIE, it is possible to successfully execute code even under restrictive conditions.

This issue affects ZkTeco-based OEM devices (ZkTeco ProFace X, Smartec ST-FR043, Smartec ST-FR041ME and possibly others)

with firmware ZAM170-NF-1.8.25-7354-Ver1.0.0 and possibly others.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-3943"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-21T14:15:11Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in ZkTeco-based OEM devices allows, in some cases, the execution of arbitrary code. Due to the lack of protection mechanisms such as stack canaries and PIE, it is possible to successfully execute code even under restrictive conditions.\n\nThis issue affects \nZkTeco-based OEM devices (ZkTeco ProFace X, Smartec ST-FR043, Smartec ST-FR041ME and possibly others)\n\n with firmware \nZAM170-NF-1.8.25-7354-Ver1.0.0 and possibly others.",
  "id": "GHSA-4h6j-2wpq-2xv2",
  "modified": "2024-05-21T15:31:38Z",
  "published": "2024-05-21T15:31:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-3943"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/klsecservices/Advisories/blob/master/K-ZkTeco-2023-006.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4HR5-8PR2-WX36

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-27 00:30 – Updated: 2024-08-06 00:31
VLAI
Details

Buffer Overflow vulnerability in TRENDnet Trendnet AC1200 TEW-821DAP with firmware version 3.00b06 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code via the adm_mod_pwd action.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-51147"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-03-26T22:15:07Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Buffer Overflow vulnerability in TRENDnet Trendnet AC1200 TEW-821DAP with firmware version 3.00b06 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code via the adm_mod_pwd action.",
  "id": "GHSA-4hr5-8pr2-wx36",
  "modified": "2024-08-06T00:31:20Z",
  "published": "2024-03-27T00:30:54Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-51147"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/SpikeReply/advisories/blob/main/cve/trendnet/cve-2023-51147.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4HVH-86Q3-7H55

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-06 19:24 – Updated: 2025-02-06 21:32
VLAI
Details

A maliciously crafted X_B file when parsed through Autodesk® AutoCAD® 2023 can be used to write beyond the allocated buffer causing a Stack Buffer Overflow. A malicious actor can leverage this vulnerability to cause a crash or read sensitive data or execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-27914"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-04-14T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A maliciously crafted X_B file when parsed through Autodesk\u00ae AutoCAD\u00ae 2023 can be used to write beyond the allocated buffer causing a Stack Buffer Overflow. A malicious actor can leverage this vulnerability to cause a crash or read sensitive data or execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process.",
  "id": "GHSA-4hvh-86q3-7h55",
  "modified": "2025-02-06T21:32:00Z",
  "published": "2023-07-06T19:24:15Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-27914"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.autodesk.com/trust/security-advisories/adsk-sa-2023-0005"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4J4G-V3H3-8MQG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-30 06:30 – Updated: 2025-02-07 18:31
VLAI
Details

On 64-bit systems, the implementation of VOP_VPTOFH() in the cd9660, tarfs and ext2fs filesystems overflows the destination FID buffer by 4 bytes, a stack buffer overflow.

A NFS server that exports a cd9660, tarfs, or ext2fs file system can be made to panic by mounting and accessing the export with an NFS client. Further exploitation (e.g., bypassing file permission checking or remote kernel code execution) is potentially possible, though this has not been demonstrated. In particular, release kernels are compiled with stack protection enabled, and some instances of the overflow are caught by this mechanism, causing a panic.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-0373"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-30T05:15:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "On 64-bit systems, the implementation of VOP_VPTOFH() in the cd9660, tarfs and ext2fs filesystems overflows the destination FID buffer by 4 bytes, a stack buffer overflow.\n\nA NFS server that exports a cd9660, tarfs, or ext2fs file system can be made to panic by mounting and accessing the export with an NFS client.  Further exploitation (e.g., bypassing file permission checking or remote kernel code execution) is potentially possible, though this has not been demonstrated.  In particular, release kernels are compiled with stack protection enabled, and some instances of the overflow are caught by this mechanism, causing a panic.",
  "id": "GHSA-4j4g-v3h3-8mqg",
  "modified": "2025-02-07T18:31:17Z",
  "published": "2025-01-30T06:30:49Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-0373"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.freebsd.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-25:02.fs.asc"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20250207-0009"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4J6V-4J5M-VGPQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-29 21:30 – Updated: 2026-07-29 21:30
VLAI
Details

The TL-WR940N v6 router contains a vulnerability in its RTSP connection tracking module that can lead to a stack-based buffer overflow. The issue occurs when a LAN client initiates a connection to a malicious RTSP server controlled by an attacker. A specially crafted RTSP message may trigger improper memory handling within the kernel module

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in a denial-of-service (DoS) condition or allow remote code execution (RCE), potentially leading to full compromise of the device. This vulnerability can be exploited by an unauthenticated attacker under the device's default configuration.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-12935"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-29T19:16:44Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The\nTL-WR940N v6 router contains a vulnerability in its RTSP connection tracking\nmodule that can lead to a stack-based buffer overflow. The issue occurs when a\nLAN client initiates a connection to a malicious RTSP server controlled by an\nattacker. A specially crafted RTSP message may trigger improper memory handling\nwithin the kernel module\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nSuccessful\nexploitation of this vulnerability may result in a denial-of-service (DoS)\ncondition or allow remote code execution (RCE), potentially leading to full\ncompromise of the device. This vulnerability can be exploited by an\nunauthenticated attacker under the device\u0027s default configuration.",
  "id": "GHSA-4j6v-4j5m-vgpq",
  "modified": "2026-07-29T21:30:59Z",
  "published": "2026-07-29T21:30:59Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-12935"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.tp-link.com/en/support/download/tl-wr940n/v6/#Firmware"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.tp-link.com/jp/support/download/tl-wr940n/v6/#Firmware"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/download/tl-wr940n/v6/#Firmware"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/faq/5213"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-10
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.

Mitigation
Implementation

Implement and perform bounds checking on input.

Mitigation
Implementation

Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.

Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.