CVE-2026-74387 (GCVE-0-2026-74387)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-15 05:59 – Updated: 2026-08-17 05:46
VLAI
Title
ALSA: seq: midi: Serialize output teardown with event_input
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ALSA: seq: midi: Serialize output teardown with event_input event_process_midi() borrows msynth->output_rfile.output and then passes the substream to dump_midi() and snd_rawmidi_kernel_write() without synchronizing with the output open/close transition. midisynth_use() also publishes output_rfile before snd_rawmidi_output_params() has finished. The last midisynth_unuse() can therefore release the same rawmidi file and free substream->runtime before snd_rawmidi_kernel_write1() takes its runtime buffer reference. That leaves the event_input path using a stale substream or runtime and can end in a NULL-deref or use-after-free. Fix this with two pieces of synchronization. Keep a short IRQ-safe spinlock only for publishing or clearing output_rfile and for pairing the output snapshot with an snd_use_lock_t reference. Once event_process_midi() has taken that in-flight reference, it drops the spinlock before calling snd_seq_dump_var_event(), dump_midi(), or snd_rawmidi_kernel_write(). midisynth_unuse() now detaches the visible rawmidi file under the same spinlock, waits for the in-flight writers to drain, and only then drains and releases the saved file. midisynth_use() likewise opens into a local snd_rawmidi_file and publishes it only after snd_rawmidi_output_params() succeeds. The buggy scenario involves two paths, with each column showing the order within that path: event_input path: last unuse path: 1. event_process_midi() snapshots 1. midisynth_unuse() starts output_rfile.output. tearing down output_rfile. 2. dump_midi() reaches 2. snd_rawmidi_kernel_release() snd_rawmidi_kernel_write() closes the output file. before runtime is pinned. 3. close_substream() frees 3. The callback keeps using substream->runtime. the borrowed substream. Validation reproduced this kernel report: KASAN null-ptr-deref in snd_rawmidi_kernel_write1+0x56/0x360 RIP: 0033:0x7fde7dd0837f RIP: 0010:snd_rawmidi_kernel_write1+0x56/0x360
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < f5d470b808bc01f70978e22e595c6f7768313406 (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 936641af564c3d92721704b781e36aaf223efdd2 (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 718f6a56b40875f19e6915799044a02df9abfd52 (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 11165fe2c5ea0516debe486d91df67abbe36905e (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < d6fd2afb137f52bf00c5210cc44d08ed54dcffb4 (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < ef7607ab1c8adc6258fb1b27d08e26aecdc18a58 (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 2.6.12
Unaffected: 0 , < 2.6.12 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.178 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.145 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.97 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.40 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.1.5 , ≤ 7.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.2 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nALSA: seq: midi: Serialize output teardown with event_input\n\nevent_process_midi() borrows msynth-\u003eoutput_rfile.output and then\npasses the substream to dump_midi() and snd_rawmidi_kernel_write()\nwithout synchronizing with the output open/close transition.\nmidisynth_use() also publishes output_rfile before\nsnd_rawmidi_output_params() has finished.\n\nThe last midisynth_unuse() can therefore release the same rawmidi file\nand free substream-\u003eruntime before snd_rawmidi_kernel_write1() takes\nits runtime buffer reference. That leaves the event_input path using a\nstale substream or runtime and can end in a NULL-deref or use-after-free.\n\nFix this with two pieces of synchronization. Keep a short IRQ-safe\nspinlock only for publishing or clearing output_rfile and for pairing\nthe output snapshot with an snd_use_lock_t reference. Once\nevent_process_midi() has taken that in-flight reference, it drops the\nspinlock before calling snd_seq_dump_var_event(), dump_midi(), or\nsnd_rawmidi_kernel_write(). midisynth_unuse() now detaches the visible\nrawmidi file under the same spinlock, waits for the in-flight writers\nto drain, and only then drains and releases the saved file.\nmidisynth_use() likewise opens into a local snd_rawmidi_file and\npublishes it only after snd_rawmidi_output_params() succeeds.\n\nThe buggy scenario involves two paths, with each column showing the\norder within that path:\n\nevent_input path:                     last unuse path:\n1. event_process_midi() snapshots    1. midisynth_unuse() starts\n   output_rfile.output.                 tearing down output_rfile.\n2. dump_midi() reaches               2. snd_rawmidi_kernel_release()\n   snd_rawmidi_kernel_write()           closes the output file.\n   before runtime is pinned.         3. close_substream() frees\n3. The callback keeps using             substream-\u003eruntime.\n   the borrowed substream.\n\nValidation reproduced this kernel report:\nKASAN null-ptr-deref in snd_rawmidi_kernel_write1+0x56/0x360\nRIP: 0033:0x7fde7dd0837f\nRIP: 0010:snd_rawmidi_kernel_write1+0x56/0x360"
        }
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            "version": "3.1"
          },
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              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The bug is reached only via local ALSA sequencer interfaces: opening /dev/snd/seq, subscribing to a MIDI synth port (SNDRV_SEQ_IOCTL_SUBSCRIBE_PORT), writing events (snd_seq_write), and unsubscribing (SNDRV_SEQ_IOCTL_UNSUBSCRIBE_PORT). There is no network, Bluetooth, or physical-device packet path to event_process_midi().\nAC:L - Exploitation is a race between MIDI event delivery and the last midisynth_unuse() teardown; an attacker controls both sides by concurrently writing sequencer events and unsubscribing from the same MIDI output port. Published reproducers triggered KASAN null-deref/UAF reliably without external timing luck.\nPR:L - Any unprivileged local user with standard ALSA access (typically membership in the audio group for /dev/snd/seq) can create a sequencer client, subscribe to hardware MIDI synth ports, dispatch events, and trigger teardown. No real root/CAP_SYS_ADMIN or user-namespace capability is required.\nUI:N - Exploitation requires no victim interaction; the attacker programmatically opens the sequencer, subscribes, floods MIDI events, and unsubscribes from their own client. No mount, file open, or other user-driven action by another party is needed.\nS:U - Impact is kernel memory corruption and potential local privilege escalation within the same kernel security domain. It does not cross a VM/host, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary; compromised resources remain under the same OS authority.\nC:H - The race frees substream-\u003eruntime (kmalloc-192 snd_rawmidi_runtime) while event_process_midi() still dereferences it in dump_midi()/snd_rawmidi_kernel_write1(), producing a confirmed slab use-after-free and NULL-deref. UAF on kernel heap objects enables arbitrary memory disclosure via heap grooming.\nI:H - Use-after-free of the rawmidi runtime while the write path accesses runtime-\u003ebuffer and related fields can be turned into controlled heap corruption and arbitrary kernel writes/code execution, not merely a one-shot crash. Memory corruption primitives warrant High integrity impact.\nA:H - Concurrent unsubscribe frees the output runtime during an in-flight write, causing KASAN-reported null-pointer dereference and slab use-after-free in snd_rawmidi_kernel_write1(). This can oops or panic the kernel and be retriggered by repeated subscribe/write/unsubscribe cycles."
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/718f6a56b40875f19e6915799044a02df9abfd52"
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      "title": "ALSA: seq: midi: Serialize output teardown with event_input",
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    "cveId": "CVE-2026-74387",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-15T05:59:02.457Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-15T05:44:03.890Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-17T05:46:36.550Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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      "date": "2026-09-21",
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                "programFiles": [
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        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nALSA: seq: midi: Serialize output teardown with event_input\n\nevent_process_midi() borrows msynth-\u003eoutput_rfile.output and then\npasses the substream to dump_midi() and snd_rawmidi_kernel_write()\nwithout synchronizing with the output open/close transition.\nmidisynth_use() also publishes output_rfile before\nsnd_rawmidi_output_params() has finished.\n\nThe last midisynth_unuse() can therefore release the same rawmidi file\nand free substream-\u003eruntime before snd_rawmidi_kernel_write1() takes\nits runtime buffer reference. That leaves the event_input path using a\nstale substream or runtime and can end in a NULL-deref or use-after-free.\n\nFix this with two pieces of synchronization. Keep a short IRQ-safe\nspinlock only for publishing or clearing output_rfile and for pairing\nthe output snapshot with an snd_use_lock_t reference. Once\nevent_process_midi() has taken that in-flight reference, it drops the\nspinlock before calling snd_seq_dump_var_event(), dump_midi(), or\nsnd_rawmidi_kernel_write(). midisynth_unuse() now detaches the visible\nrawmidi file under the same spinlock, waits for the in-flight writers\nto drain, and only then drains and releases the saved file.\nmidisynth_use() likewise opens into a local snd_rawmidi_file and\npublishes it only after snd_rawmidi_output_params() succeeds.\n\nThe buggy scenario involves two paths, with each column showing the\norder within that path:\n\nevent_input path:                     last unuse path:\n1. event_process_midi() snapshots    1. midisynth_unuse() starts\n   output_rfile.output.                 tearing down output_rfile.\n2. dump_midi() reaches               2. snd_rawmidi_kernel_release()\n   snd_rawmidi_kernel_write()           closes the output file.\n   before runtime is pinned.         3. close_substream() frees\n3. The callback keeps using             substream-\u003eruntime.\n   the borrowed substream.\n\nValidation reproduced this kernel report:\nKASAN null-ptr-deref in snd_rawmidi_kernel_write1+0x56/0x360\nRIP: 0033:0x7fde7dd0837f\nRIP: 0010:snd_rawmidi_kernel_write1+0x56/0x360"
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2026-74387",
        "lastModified": "2026-08-17T06:19:33.670",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 7.8,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
              "impactScore": 5.9,
              "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
              "type": "Secondary"
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2026-08-15T06:22:40.610",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/11165fe2c5ea0516debe486d91df67abbe36905e"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/718f6a56b40875f19e6915799044a02df9abfd52"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/936641af564c3d92721704b781e36aaf223efdd2"
          },
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            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d6fd2afb137f52bf00c5210cc44d08ed54dcffb4"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ef7607ab1c8adc6258fb1b27d08e26aecdc18a58"
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            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f5d470b808bc01f70978e22e595c6f7768313406"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Received"
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-20T20:53:48+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-74387",
      "id": "CVE-2026-74387",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-08-15T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "260",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "14",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: ALSA: seq: midi: Serialize output teardown with event_input",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-74387.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-09-02T11:44:29Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-74387",
      "id": "CVE-2026-74387",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-08-27T16:51:33Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "269",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "93",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-74387",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2026-74387.json",
      "version": "3"
    }
  }
}



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Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.


Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.