CVE-2026-72473 (GCVE-0-2026-72473)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-15 05:57 – Updated: 2026-08-17 05:44
VLAI
Title
xprtrdma: Decouple req recycling from RPC completion
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xprtrdma: Decouple req recycling from RPC completion rl_kref formerly served two distinct lifetimes through a single refcount: it gated when a Reply could wake its RPC task, and it gated when an rpcrdma_req could return to its free pool. The marshal path took the Send-side reference only when SGEs needed DMA-unmap (sc_unmap_count > 0), which made a Send carrying only pre-registered buffers an exception: the Reply handler dropped rl_kref from 1 to 0 and freed the req while the HCA might still be DMA-reading from its send buffer. Give rl_kref a narrower job. The RPC layer takes one reference when slot allocation hands a req out. rpcrdma_prepare_send_sges() takes a Send-side reference unconditionally after WR preparation succeeds. xprt_rdma_free_slot() and xprt_rdma_bc_free_rqst() drop the RPC-layer reference; rpcrdma_sendctx_unmap() drops the Send-side reference. The req returns to its free pool only after both owners have signed off. The existing kref_init(&req->rl_kref) call in rpcrdma_prepare_send_sges() is removed. Initialization moves to the slot-allocation paths (xprt_rdma_alloc_slot and rpcrdma_bc_rqst_get), and the release callback re-arms rl_kref before the req returns to a free pool. A re-init in the marshal path would discard the RPC-layer reference that already exists on entry. Three invariants follow: - Any rpcrdma_req held by an rpc_rqst has rl_kref >= 1. xprt_rdma_alloc_slot(), rpcrdma_bc_rqst_get(), and the backlog-wake branch in xprt_rdma_alloc_slot() each kref_init rl_kref before publishing the req. Without this invariant, an RPC task that aborts between slot allocation and marshal (gss_refresh failure or signal during call_connect, for example) would drive xprt_release() -> xprt_rdma_free_slot() -> kref_put against a refcount of zero, saturating refcount_t and stranding the slot. - The Send-side reference is taken only after WR prep succeeds. A mapping failure in rpcrdma_prepare_send_sges() runs rpcrdma_sendctx_cancel(), which DMA-unmaps the sendctx and clears sc_req without touching rl_kref. The sendctx ring walks in rpcrdma_sendctx_put_locked() and rpcrdma_sendctxs_destroy() skip entries with sc_req == NULL, so a burst of -EIO marshal failures cannot hold reqs off rb_send_bufs. - The release callback re-arms rl_kref so the next consumer enters with the invariant satisfied. Replies now complete the RPC directly. rpcrdma_reply_handler() calls rpcrdma_complete_rqst() in place of kref_put on the non-LocalInv branch. The LocalInv branch already completes the RPC from frwr_unmap_async() and is unaffected. Because Send-side references can now outlive RPC completion, connection teardown drains sendctx entries whose unsignaled Sends never had a later signaled completion to walk the ring. rpcrdma_sendctxs_destroy() walks the active range and runs rpcrdma_sendctx_unmap() on each entry with a non-NULL sc_req before the request buffers are reset, and is moved ahead of rpcrdma_reqs_reset() in rpcrdma_xprt_disconnect() so the reqs are still in their pre-reset state when the Send-side refs are released. The drain creates a teardown-ordering hazard on the backchannel path. With the new lifetime, releasing a bc_prealloc req from rpcrdma_req_release() re-adds it to bc_pa_list. The disconnect in xprt_rdma_destroy() runs after xprt_destroy_backchannel() has already emptied bc_pa_list, so the drained reqs would otherwise leak. xprt_rdma_destroy() now runs xprt_rdma_bc_destroy(xprt, 0) a second time after the disconnect to reclaim them.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 0ab115237025f5e379620bbcd56a02697d07b002 , < 740975054a1970c0cf15f70ac39724a064f45847 (git)
Affected: 0ab115237025f5e379620bbcd56a02697d07b002 , < 9f3d9b68c1c6c51746e5ecdb52b2e6a2901de37e (git)
Affected: 0ab115237025f5e379620bbcd56a02697d07b002 , < e7632089523acddcdd8f090ad19e96fb3107b04d (git)
Affected: 0ab115237025f5e379620bbcd56a02697d07b002 , < 53442c7d0c888e51b8bc3da196970a669cc6b294 (git)
Affected: 0ab115237025f5e379620bbcd56a02697d07b002 , < 8203f760a72bd39a3b66bc4eff0aa272a99fe22b (git)
Affected: 0ab115237025f5e379620bbcd56a02697d07b002 , < e786233d2e0bbff9a82e43f02ae3a46ab4b08ec3 (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 5.3
Unaffected: 0 , < 5.3 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.178 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.145 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.97 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.40 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.1.5 , ≤ 7.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.2 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nxprtrdma: Decouple req recycling from RPC completion\n\nrl_kref formerly served two distinct lifetimes through a single\nrefcount: it gated when a Reply could wake its RPC task, and it\ngated when an rpcrdma_req could return to its free pool. The\nmarshal path took the Send-side reference only when SGEs needed\nDMA-unmap (sc_unmap_count \u003e 0), which made a Send carrying only\npre-registered buffers an exception: the Reply handler dropped\nrl_kref from 1 to 0 and freed the req while the HCA might still\nbe DMA-reading from its send buffer.\n\nGive rl_kref a narrower job. The RPC layer takes one reference\nwhen slot allocation hands a req out. rpcrdma_prepare_send_sges()\ntakes a Send-side reference unconditionally after WR preparation\nsucceeds. xprt_rdma_free_slot() and xprt_rdma_bc_free_rqst() drop\nthe RPC-layer reference; rpcrdma_sendctx_unmap() drops the\nSend-side reference. The req returns to its free pool only after\nboth owners have signed off.\n\nThe existing kref_init(\u0026req-\u003erl_kref) call in\nrpcrdma_prepare_send_sges() is removed. Initialization moves to\nthe slot-allocation paths (xprt_rdma_alloc_slot and\nrpcrdma_bc_rqst_get), and the release callback re-arms rl_kref\nbefore the req returns to a free pool. A re-init in the marshal\npath would discard the RPC-layer reference that already exists\non entry.\n\nThree invariants follow:\n\n  - Any rpcrdma_req held by an rpc_rqst has rl_kref \u003e= 1.\n    xprt_rdma_alloc_slot(), rpcrdma_bc_rqst_get(), and the\n    backlog-wake branch in xprt_rdma_alloc_slot() each kref_init\n    rl_kref before publishing the req. Without this invariant,\n    an RPC task that aborts between slot allocation and marshal\n    (gss_refresh failure or signal during call_connect, for\n    example) would drive xprt_release() -\u003e\n    xprt_rdma_free_slot() -\u003e kref_put against a refcount of\n    zero, saturating refcount_t and stranding the slot.\n\n  - The Send-side reference is taken only after WR prep\n    succeeds. A mapping failure in rpcrdma_prepare_send_sges()\n    runs rpcrdma_sendctx_cancel(), which DMA-unmaps the sendctx\n    and clears sc_req without touching rl_kref. The sendctx\n    ring walks in rpcrdma_sendctx_put_locked() and\n    rpcrdma_sendctxs_destroy() skip entries with sc_req == NULL,\n    so a burst of -EIO marshal failures cannot hold reqs off\n    rb_send_bufs.\n\n  - The release callback re-arms rl_kref so the next consumer\n    enters with the invariant satisfied.\n\nReplies now complete the RPC directly. rpcrdma_reply_handler()\ncalls rpcrdma_complete_rqst() in place of kref_put on the\nnon-LocalInv branch. The LocalInv branch already completes the\nRPC from frwr_unmap_async() and is unaffected.\n\nBecause Send-side references can now outlive RPC completion,\nconnection teardown drains sendctx entries whose unsignaled\nSends never had a later signaled completion to walk the ring.\nrpcrdma_sendctxs_destroy() walks the active range and runs\nrpcrdma_sendctx_unmap() on each entry with a non-NULL sc_req\nbefore the request buffers are reset, and is moved ahead of\nrpcrdma_reqs_reset() in rpcrdma_xprt_disconnect() so the reqs\nare still in their pre-reset state when the Send-side refs are\nreleased.\n\nThe drain creates a teardown-ordering hazard on the backchannel\npath. With the new lifetime, releasing a bc_prealloc req from\nrpcrdma_req_release() re-adds it to bc_pa_list. The disconnect\nin xprt_rdma_destroy() runs after xprt_destroy_backchannel() has\nalready emptied bc_pa_list, so the drained reqs would otherwise\nleak. xprt_rdma_destroy() now runs xprt_rdma_bc_destroy(xprt, 0)\na second time after the disconnect to reclaim them."
        }
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        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 9.8,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
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              "value": "AV:N - The bug is in the RPC-over-RDMA client (xprtrdma); a remote NFS/RDMA peer delivers Receive completions that invoke rpcrdma_reply_handler() over InfiniBand/RoCE/iWARP, so exploitation is via network protocol traffic from a malicious or compromised server.\nAC:L - For inline Sends using only pre-registered buffers (sc_unmap_count==0), the reply path completes the RPC and returns the req to the free pool before Send completion; a remote peer can reliably trigger this by replying immediately to normal small NFS RPCs.\nPR:N - Exploitation requires no privileges on the victim host; a remote malicious or compromised NFS/RDMA server can send crafted/fast replies over the established RDMA connection to drive the vulnerable completion path.\nUI:N - No end-user interaction is needed at exploit time; once a host uses NFS-over-RDMA, triggering the bug is automatic during ordinary client I/O against the attacker-controlled server.\nS:U - The flaw causes kernel heap UAF/DMA corruption within the NFS client\u0027s kernel context and does not by itself cross hypervisor, VM, or sandbox security boundaries.\nC:H - Recycling rpcrdma_req while the HCA may still DMA-read its send buffers is a use-after-free that can expose or leak kernel memory when the slot is reallocated and buffers are reused under active DMA.\nI:H - Premature return of rpcrdma_req to rb_send_bufs while Send WRs are in flight permits heap corruption and typical UAF exploitation paths for arbitrary kernel memory writes or control-flow hijack.\nA:H - Concurrent DMA against freed/reused request buffers can provoke kernel oops/panic or wedged RPC/RDMA transport state, giving high availability impact on NFS-over-RDMA clients."
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        }
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        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/740975054a1970c0cf15f70ac39724a064f45847"
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      "title": "xprtrdma: Decouple req recycling from RPC completion",
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    "cveId": "CVE-2026-72473",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-15T05:57:14.412Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-09T03:40:39.934Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-17T05:44:39.513Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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      "date": "2026-09-20",
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          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nxprtrdma: Decouple req recycling from RPC completion\n\nrl_kref formerly served two distinct lifetimes through a single\nrefcount: it gated when a Reply could wake its RPC task, and it\ngated when an rpcrdma_req could return to its free pool. The\nmarshal path took the Send-side reference only when SGEs needed\nDMA-unmap (sc_unmap_count \u003e 0), which made a Send carrying only\npre-registered buffers an exception: the Reply handler dropped\nrl_kref from 1 to 0 and freed the req while the HCA might still\nbe DMA-reading from its send buffer.\n\nGive rl_kref a narrower job. The RPC layer takes one reference\nwhen slot allocation hands a req out. rpcrdma_prepare_send_sges()\ntakes a Send-side reference unconditionally after WR preparation\nsucceeds. xprt_rdma_free_slot() and xprt_rdma_bc_free_rqst() drop\nthe RPC-layer reference; rpcrdma_sendctx_unmap() drops the\nSend-side reference. The req returns to its free pool only after\nboth owners have signed off.\n\nThe existing kref_init(\u0026req-\u003erl_kref) call in\nrpcrdma_prepare_send_sges() is removed. Initialization moves to\nthe slot-allocation paths (xprt_rdma_alloc_slot and\nrpcrdma_bc_rqst_get), and the release callback re-arms rl_kref\nbefore the req returns to a free pool. A re-init in the marshal\npath would discard the RPC-layer reference that already exists\non entry.\n\nThree invariants follow:\n\n  - Any rpcrdma_req held by an rpc_rqst has rl_kref \u003e= 1.\n    xprt_rdma_alloc_slot(), rpcrdma_bc_rqst_get(), and the\n    backlog-wake branch in xprt_rdma_alloc_slot() each kref_init\n    rl_kref before publishing the req. Without this invariant,\n    an RPC task that aborts between slot allocation and marshal\n    (gss_refresh failure or signal during call_connect, for\n    example) would drive xprt_release() -\u003e\n    xprt_rdma_free_slot() -\u003e kref_put against a refcount of\n    zero, saturating refcount_t and stranding the slot.\n\n  - The Send-side reference is taken only after WR prep\n    succeeds. A mapping failure in rpcrdma_prepare_send_sges()\n    runs rpcrdma_sendctx_cancel(), which DMA-unmaps the sendctx\n    and clears sc_req without touching rl_kref. The sendctx\n    ring walks in rpcrdma_sendctx_put_locked() and\n    rpcrdma_sendctxs_destroy() skip entries with sc_req == NULL,\n    so a burst of -EIO marshal failures cannot hold reqs off\n    rb_send_bufs.\n\n  - The release callback re-arms rl_kref so the next consumer\n    enters with the invariant satisfied.\n\nReplies now complete the RPC directly. rpcrdma_reply_handler()\ncalls rpcrdma_complete_rqst() in place of kref_put on the\nnon-LocalInv branch. The LocalInv branch already completes the\nRPC from frwr_unmap_async() and is unaffected.\n\nBecause Send-side references can now outlive RPC completion,\nconnection teardown drains sendctx entries whose unsignaled\nSends never had a later signaled completion to walk the ring.\nrpcrdma_sendctxs_destroy() walks the active range and runs\nrpcrdma_sendctx_unmap() on each entry with a non-NULL sc_req\nbefore the request buffers are reset, and is moved ahead of\nrpcrdma_reqs_reset() in rpcrdma_xprt_disconnect() so the reqs\nare still in their pre-reset state when the Send-side refs are\nreleased.\n\nThe drain creates a teardown-ordering hazard on the backchannel\npath. With the new lifetime, releasing a bc_prealloc req from\nrpcrdma_req_release() re-adds it to bc_pa_list. The disconnect\nin xprt_rdma_destroy() runs after xprt_destroy_backchannel() has\nalready emptied bc_pa_list, so the drained reqs would otherwise\nleak. xprt_rdma_destroy() now runs xprt_rdma_bc_destroy(xprt, 0)\na second time after the disconnect to reclaim them."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2026-72473",
        "lastModified": "2026-08-17T06:19:15.273",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 9.8,
                "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
              "impactScore": 5.9,
              "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
              "type": "Secondary"
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2026-08-15T06:22:21.423",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/53442c7d0c888e51b8bc3da196970a669cc6b294"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/740975054a1970c0cf15f70ac39724a064f45847"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8203f760a72bd39a3b66bc4eff0aa272a99fe22b"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9f3d9b68c1c6c51746e5ecdb52b2e6a2901de37e"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e7632089523acddcdd8f090ad19e96fb3107b04d"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e786233d2e0bbff9a82e43f02ae3a46ab4b08ec3"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Received"
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-09-01T10:36:28+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-72473",
      "id": "CVE-2026-72473",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-08-15T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "246",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "28",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: xprtrdma: Decouple req recycling from RPC completion",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-72473.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-09-18T00:28:00Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-72473",
      "id": "CVE-2026-72473",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-08-27T16:52:11Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "626",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "93",
      "product_status:recommended": "107",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-72473",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2026-72473.json",
      "version": "9"
    }
  }
}



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