CVE-2026-72428 (GCVE-0-2026-72428)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-15 05:56 – Updated: 2026-08-17 05:14
VLAI
Title
bpf: Fix stack slot index in nospec checks
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Fix stack slot index in nospec checks check_stack_write_fixed_off() computes the byte slot for a fixed-offset stack write as -off - 1, and records each written byte in slot_type[] with (slot - i) % BPF_REG_SIZE. The Spectre v4 sanitization pre-check uses slot_type[i] instead. For a 4-byte write at fp-8 after the lower half of fp-8 has been zeroed, the pre-check scans bytes 0..3 and sees STACK_ZERO while the actual write updates bytes 7..4. That can leave the second half-slot write without nospec_result even though the bytes being overwritten still require sanitization. Use the same slot index in the sanitization pre-check that the write path uses when updating slot_type[].
Severity
No CVSS data available.
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 0e9280654aa482088ee6ef3deadef331f5ac5fb0 , < e62268e695075a481a6c4feeb022c19cf57422a6 (git)
Affected: 2039f26f3aca5b0e419b98f65dd36481337b86ee , < a71eb8f730a91271cf47ce291e785b6b7e54622f (git)
Affected: 2039f26f3aca5b0e419b98f65dd36481337b86ee , < ca119656baa8f48a56e0c2f3ab63fdd33ca9e307 (git)
Affected: 2039f26f3aca5b0e419b98f65dd36481337b86ee , < 475405593de2b796224c6297aece44f321195919 (git)
Affected: 2039f26f3aca5b0e419b98f65dd36481337b86ee , < f1471aa76d74e0df3b2a90731ca0208f498c670b (git)
Affected: 2039f26f3aca5b0e419b98f65dd36481337b86ee , < 68b41e68a62299f26cb16af422b5c7d1c69dafd9 (git)
Affected: 2039f26f3aca5b0e419b98f65dd36481337b86ee , < db8f1dcf5950b91886b9df4270bc816370d292c1 (git)
Affected: 2039f26f3aca5b0e419b98f65dd36481337b86ee , < d1d53aa30ab3b5ae89161c9cc840b3f7489ad386 (git)
Affected: 872968502114d68c21419cf7eb5ab97717e7b803 (git)
Affected: f5893af2704eb763eb982f01d573f5b19f06b623 (git)
Affected: 0b27bdf02c400684225ee5ee99970bcbf5082282 (git)
Affected: 5.10.56 , < 5.10.261 (semver)
Affected: 4.19.207 , < 4.20 (semver)
Affected: 5.4.146 , < 5.5 (semver)
Affected: 5.13.8 , < 5.14 (semver)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Linux Linux Affected: 5.14
Unaffected: 0 , < 5.14 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.261 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.212 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.178 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.145 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.97 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.40 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.1.5 , ≤ 7.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.2 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "kernel/bpf/verifier.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "e62268e695075a481a6c4feeb022c19cf57422a6",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0e9280654aa482088ee6ef3deadef331f5ac5fb0",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "a71eb8f730a91271cf47ce291e785b6b7e54622f",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2039f26f3aca5b0e419b98f65dd36481337b86ee",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "ca119656baa8f48a56e0c2f3ab63fdd33ca9e307",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2039f26f3aca5b0e419b98f65dd36481337b86ee",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "475405593de2b796224c6297aece44f321195919",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2039f26f3aca5b0e419b98f65dd36481337b86ee",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "f1471aa76d74e0df3b2a90731ca0208f498c670b",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2039f26f3aca5b0e419b98f65dd36481337b86ee",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "68b41e68a62299f26cb16af422b5c7d1c69dafd9",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2039f26f3aca5b0e419b98f65dd36481337b86ee",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "db8f1dcf5950b91886b9df4270bc816370d292c1",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2039f26f3aca5b0e419b98f65dd36481337b86ee",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "d1d53aa30ab3b5ae89161c9cc840b3f7489ad386",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2039f26f3aca5b0e419b98f65dd36481337b86ee",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "872968502114d68c21419cf7eb5ab97717e7b803",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "f5893af2704eb763eb982f01d573f5b19f06b623",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0b27bdf02c400684225ee5ee99970bcbf5082282",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "5.10.261",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.10.56",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "4.20",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.19.207",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "5.5",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.4.146",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "5.14",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.13.8",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "kernel/bpf/verifier.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.14"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "5.14",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.10.261",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.15.212",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.178",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.145",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.97",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.40",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.1.5",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.2",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.261",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.10.56",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.212",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.14",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.178",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.14",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.145",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.14",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.97",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.14",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.40",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.14",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.1.5",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.14",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.2",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.14",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.19.207",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.4.146",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.13.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Fix stack slot index in nospec checks\n\ncheck_stack_write_fixed_off() computes the byte slot for a fixed-offset\nstack write as -off - 1, and records each written byte in slot_type[] with\n(slot - i) % BPF_REG_SIZE.\n\nThe Spectre v4 sanitization pre-check uses slot_type[i] instead. For a\n4-byte write at fp-8 after the lower half of fp-8 has been zeroed, the\npre-check scans bytes 0..3 and sees STACK_ZERO while the actual write updates\nbytes 7..4. That can leave the second half-slot write without nospec_result\neven though the bytes being overwritten still require sanitization.\n\nUse the same slot index in the sanitization pre-check that the write path uses\nwhen updating slot_type[]."
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-17T05:14:27.751Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e62268e695075a481a6c4feeb022c19cf57422a6"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a71eb8f730a91271cf47ce291e785b6b7e54622f"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ca119656baa8f48a56e0c2f3ab63fdd33ca9e307"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/475405593de2b796224c6297aece44f321195919"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f1471aa76d74e0df3b2a90731ca0208f498c670b"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/68b41e68a62299f26cb16af422b5c7d1c69dafd9"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/db8f1dcf5950b91886b9df4270bc816370d292c1"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d1d53aa30ab3b5ae89161c9cc840b3f7489ad386"
        }
      ],
      "title": "bpf: Fix stack slot index in nospec checks",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-72428",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-15T05:56:44.831Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-09T03:40:39.928Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-17T05:14:27.751Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-72428",
      "date": "2026-09-21",
      "epss": "0.00216",
      "percentile": "0.12311"
    },
    "nvd": {
      "cve": {
        "affected": [
          {
            "affectedData": [
              {
                "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
                "product": "Linux",
                "programFiles": [
                  "kernel/bpf/verifier.c"
                ],
                "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
                "vendor": "Linux",
                "versions": [
                  {
                    "lessThan": "e62268e695075a481a6c4feeb022c19cf57422a6",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "0e9280654aa482088ee6ef3deadef331f5ac5fb0",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "a71eb8f730a91271cf47ce291e785b6b7e54622f",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "2039f26f3aca5b0e419b98f65dd36481337b86ee",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "ca119656baa8f48a56e0c2f3ab63fdd33ca9e307",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "2039f26f3aca5b0e419b98f65dd36481337b86ee",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "475405593de2b796224c6297aece44f321195919",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "2039f26f3aca5b0e419b98f65dd36481337b86ee",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "f1471aa76d74e0df3b2a90731ca0208f498c670b",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "2039f26f3aca5b0e419b98f65dd36481337b86ee",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "68b41e68a62299f26cb16af422b5c7d1c69dafd9",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "2039f26f3aca5b0e419b98f65dd36481337b86ee",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "db8f1dcf5950b91886b9df4270bc816370d292c1",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "2039f26f3aca5b0e419b98f65dd36481337b86ee",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "d1d53aa30ab3b5ae89161c9cc840b3f7489ad386",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "2039f26f3aca5b0e419b98f65dd36481337b86ee",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "872968502114d68c21419cf7eb5ab97717e7b803",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "f5893af2704eb763eb982f01d573f5b19f06b623",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "0b27bdf02c400684225ee5ee99970bcbf5082282",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "5.10.261",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "5.10.56",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "4.20",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "4.19.207",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "5.5",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "5.4.146",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "5.14",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "5.13.8",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "defaultStatus": "affected",
                "product": "Linux",
                "programFiles": [
                  "kernel/bpf/verifier.c"
                ],
                "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
                "vendor": "Linux",
                "versions": [
                  {
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "5.14"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "5.14",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "0",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "5.10.261",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "5.15.212",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "6.1.178",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "6.6.145",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "6.12.97",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "6.18.40",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "7.1.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "7.1.5",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "7.2",
                    "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ],
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
          }
        ],
        "cveTags": [],
        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Fix stack slot index in nospec checks\n\ncheck_stack_write_fixed_off() computes the byte slot for a fixed-offset\nstack write as -off - 1, and records each written byte in slot_type[] with\n(slot - i) % BPF_REG_SIZE.\n\nThe Spectre v4 sanitization pre-check uses slot_type[i] instead. For a\n4-byte write at fp-8 after the lower half of fp-8 has been zeroed, the\npre-check scans bytes 0..3 and sees STACK_ZERO while the actual write updates\nbytes 7..4. That can leave the second half-slot write without nospec_result\neven though the bytes being overwritten still require sanitization.\n\nUse the same slot index in the sanitization pre-check that the write path uses\nwhen updating slot_type[]."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2026-72428",
        "lastModified": "2026-08-17T06:19:10.130",
        "metrics": {},
        "published": "2026-08-15T06:22:16.637",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/475405593de2b796224c6297aece44f321195919"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/68b41e68a62299f26cb16af422b5c7d1c69dafd9"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a71eb8f730a91271cf47ce291e785b6b7e54622f"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ca119656baa8f48a56e0c2f3ab63fdd33ca9e307"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d1d53aa30ab3b5ae89161c9cc840b3f7489ad386"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/db8f1dcf5950b91886b9df4270bc816370d292c1"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e62268e695075a481a6c4feeb022c19cf57422a6"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f1471aa76d74e0df3b2a90731ca0208f498c670b"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Received"
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-17T12:29:25+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-72428",
      "id": "CVE-2026-72428",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-08-15T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "232",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "42",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: bpf: Fix stack slot index in nospec checks",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-72428.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-09-02T11:45:40Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-72428",
      "id": "CVE-2026-72428",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-09-02T11:45:40Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "115",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "247",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-72428",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2026-72428.json",
      "version": "2"
    }
  }
}



Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.


Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.