CVE-2026-72135 (GCVE-0-2026-72135)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-15 05:53 – Updated: 2026-08-17 05:40
VLAI
Title
tpm: Make the TPM character devices non-seekable
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tpm: Make the TPM character devices non-seekable The TPM character devices expose a sequential command/response interface, but their open handlers leave FMODE_PREAD and FMODE_PWRITE enabled. After a command leaves a response pending, pread(fd, buf, 16, 0x1400) passes 0x1400 as *off to tpm_common_read(). The transfer length is bounded by response_length, but the offset is used unchecked when forming data_buffer + *off. A sufficiently large offset therefore causes an out-of-bounds heap read through copy_to_user() and, if the copy succeeds, an out-of-bounds zero-write through the following memset(). Positional I/O does not provide coherent semantics for this interface. An arbitrary pread offset cannot represent how much of a response has been consumed sequentially. The write callback always stores a command at the start of data_buffer, while pwrite() does not update file->f_pos and can leave the sequential read cursor stale. Call nonseekable_open() from both open handlers. This removes FMODE_PREAD and FMODE_PWRITE, causing positional reads and writes to fail with -ESPIPE before reaching the TPM callbacks, and explicitly marks the files non-seekable. Normal read() and write() continue to use the existing sequential f_pos cursor, leaving the response state machine unchanged. Tested on Linux 6.12 with KASAN and a swtpm TPM2 device: - sequential partial reads returned the complete response - pread() and preadv() with offset 0x1400 returned -ESPIPE - pwrite() and pwritev() with offset zero returned -ESPIPE - the pending response remained intact after the rejected operations - a subsequent normal command/response cycle completed normally - no KASAN report was produced.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 9488585b21bef0df1217e510c7134905d1d376a7 , < ed0ffc2c016629e40ba041ed0424a772d8b02e2c (git)
Affected: 9488585b21bef0df1217e510c7134905d1d376a7 , < 232dcf908eb7eb9d8046a9597975caf44270966e (git)
Affected: 9488585b21bef0df1217e510c7134905d1d376a7 , < dda695fab5e21f923d29e8cb01df256468ddfbd1 (git)
Affected: 9488585b21bef0df1217e510c7134905d1d376a7 , < 9c513dabd4540f811585a2087f23069767a284da (git)
Affected: 9488585b21bef0df1217e510c7134905d1d376a7 , < 21a13f932972bc9836f58c44fcd47c62abdecd95 (git)
Affected: 9488585b21bef0df1217e510c7134905d1d376a7 , < ada4b9a5087ea7f30dd8e4c6411a4fb6547eb1ed (git)
Affected: 9488585b21bef0df1217e510c7134905d1d376a7 , < 947b773caaa548672184df025271b29bdc80b0f1 (git)
Affected: 9488585b21bef0df1217e510c7134905d1d376a7 , < f20d61c22bcaf172d6790b6500e3838e532e71c8 (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 5.0
Unaffected: 0 , < 5.0 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.261 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.212 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.178 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.145 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.97 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.40 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.1.5 , ≤ 7.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.2 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ntpm: Make the TPM character devices non-seekable\n\nThe TPM character devices expose a sequential command/response\ninterface, but their open handlers leave FMODE_PREAD and FMODE_PWRITE\nenabled.\n\nAfter a command leaves a response pending, pread(fd, buf, 16, 0x1400)\npasses 0x1400 as *off to tpm_common_read(). The transfer length is\nbounded by response_length, but the offset is used unchecked when\nforming data_buffer + *off. A sufficiently large offset therefore causes\nan out-of-bounds heap read through copy_to_user() and, if the copy\nsucceeds, an out-of-bounds zero-write through the following memset().\n\nPositional I/O does not provide coherent semantics for this interface.\nAn arbitrary pread offset cannot represent how much of a response has\nbeen consumed sequentially. The write callback always stores a command\nat the start of data_buffer, while pwrite() does not update file-\u003ef_pos\nand can leave the sequential read cursor stale.\n\nCall nonseekable_open() from both open handlers. This removes\nFMODE_PREAD and FMODE_PWRITE, causing positional reads and writes to\nfail with -ESPIPE before reaching the TPM callbacks, and explicitly\nmarks the files non-seekable. Normal read() and write() continue to use\nthe existing sequential f_pos cursor, leaving the response state machine\nunchanged.\n\nTested on Linux 6.12 with KASAN and a swtpm TPM2 device:\n\n - sequential partial reads returned the complete response\n - pread() and preadv() with offset 0x1400 returned -ESPIPE\n - pwrite() and pwritev() with offset zero returned -ESPIPE\n - the pending response remained intact after the rejected operations\n - a subsequent normal command/response cycle completed normally\n - no KASAN report was produced."
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              "value": "AV:L - Exploitation requires local pread()/write() syscalls on /dev/tpm0 or /dev/tpmrm0 character devices; there is no network, Bluetooth, or physical-bus code path to the vulnerable tpm_common_read() handler.\nAC:L - An attacker who can open the device reliably triggers the bug by writing any TPM command to create a pending response, then calling pread() with a large offset; no races or special memory layout are required.\nPR:L - Upstream tpm2-tss udev rules grant non-root users in the tss group read/write access to /dev/tpmrm0 (mode 0660), which is the standard TPM2 user-space interface on laptops and servers with TPM hardware.\nUI:N - No victim interaction is required; the attacker opens the TPM device, submits a command, and issues the malicious pread() themselves without relying on another user to mount, click, or configure anything.\nS:U - The vulnerability corrupts kernel heap memory in the TPM driver on the same host; it does not by itself cross a VM, container, or IOMMU security boundary to affect a different trust domain.\nC:H - Unchecked pread offsets cause copy_to_user() to read beyond the 4096-byte data_buffer into adjacent kmalloc slab memory (including tpm_space pointers), leaking kernel heap contents to userspace.\nI:H - A successful out-of-bounds pread also executes memset() past data_buffer, zeroing adjacent heap objects such as tpm_space session/context pointers and enabling further memory corruption or control-flow manipulation.\nA:H - KASAN reports slab-out-of-bounds faults on both the copy_to_user read and memset write; corrupting adjacent heap structures can oops or panic the kernel during subsequent TPM operations."
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      "title": "tpm: Make the TPM character devices non-seekable",
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    "datePublished": "2026-08-15T05:53:10.315Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-09T03:40:39.907Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-17T05:40:45.521Z",
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            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ntpm: Make the TPM character devices non-seekable\n\nThe TPM character devices expose a sequential command/response\ninterface, but their open handlers leave FMODE_PREAD and FMODE_PWRITE\nenabled.\n\nAfter a command leaves a response pending, pread(fd, buf, 16, 0x1400)\npasses 0x1400 as *off to tpm_common_read(). The transfer length is\nbounded by response_length, but the offset is used unchecked when\nforming data_buffer + *off. A sufficiently large offset therefore causes\nan out-of-bounds heap read through copy_to_user() and, if the copy\nsucceeds, an out-of-bounds zero-write through the following memset().\n\nPositional I/O does not provide coherent semantics for this interface.\nAn arbitrary pread offset cannot represent how much of a response has\nbeen consumed sequentially. The write callback always stores a command\nat the start of data_buffer, while pwrite() does not update file-\u003ef_pos\nand can leave the sequential read cursor stale.\n\nCall nonseekable_open() from both open handlers. This removes\nFMODE_PREAD and FMODE_PWRITE, causing positional reads and writes to\nfail with -ESPIPE before reaching the TPM callbacks, and explicitly\nmarks the files non-seekable. Normal read() and write() continue to use\nthe existing sequential f_pos cursor, leaving the response state machine\nunchanged.\n\nTested on Linux 6.12 with KASAN and a swtpm TPM2 device:\n\n - sequential partial reads returned the complete response\n - pread() and preadv() with offset 0x1400 returned -ESPIPE\n - pwrite() and pwritev() with offset zero returned -ESPIPE\n - the pending response remained intact after the rejected operations\n - a subsequent normal command/response cycle completed normally\n - no KASAN report was produced."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2026-72135",
        "lastModified": "2026-08-17T06:18:13.280",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 7.8,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
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              "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
              "type": "Secondary"
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        "published": "2026-08-15T06:21:30.973",
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          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9c513dabd4540f811585a2087f23069767a284da"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ada4b9a5087ea7f30dd8e4c6411a4fb6547eb1ed"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dda695fab5e21f923d29e8cb01df256468ddfbd1"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ed0ffc2c016629e40ba041ed0424a772d8b02e2c"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f20d61c22bcaf172d6790b6500e3838e532e71c8"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Received"
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-17T23:36:34+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-72135",
      "id": "CVE-2026-72135",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-08-15T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "246",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "28",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: tpm: Make the TPM character devices non-seekable",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-72135.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-09-15T01:29:04Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-72135",
      "id": "CVE-2026-72135",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-08-31T13:30:26Z",
      "product_status:first_fixed": "123",
      "product_status:known_affected": "263",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "99",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-72135",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2026-72135.json",
      "version": "4"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.


Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.