CVE-2026-64535 (GCVE-0-2026-64535)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-27 06:32 – Updated: 2026-08-19 16:28
VLAI
Title
nvmet-tcp: Fix potential UAF when ddgst mismatch
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nvmet-tcp: Fix potential UAF when ddgst mismatch Shivam Kumar found via vulnerability testing: When data digest is enabled on an NVMe/TCP connection and a digest mismatch occurs on a non-final H2C_DATA PDU during an R2T-based data transfer, the digest error handler in nvmet_tcp_try_recv_ddgst() calls nvmet_req_uninit() — which performs percpu_ref_put() on the submission queue — but does NOT mark the command as completed. It does not set cqe->status, does not modify rbytes_done, and does not clear any flag. When the subsequent fatal error triggers queue teardown, nvmet_tcp_uninit_data_in_cmds() iterates all commands, checks nvmet_tcp_need_data_in() for each one, and finds that the already-uninited command still appears to need data (because rbytes_done < transfer_len and cqe->status == 0). It therefore calls nvmet_req_uninit() a second time on the same command — a double percpu_ref_put against a single percpu_ref_get.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 91edfca6f8b364d60cde3ddefaf7d03ddf35774b , < dfb902462bca478f050224ec7a7195aafa7643b1 (git)
Affected: fda871c0ba5d2eed2cd1c881573168129da70058 , < 7e558308eba14c8136cb1e615f0c850f76d1fc0a (git)
Affected: fda871c0ba5d2eed2cd1c881573168129da70058 , < 96fe2513df590e74b04253a45089cae75569570e (git)
Affected: fda871c0ba5d2eed2cd1c881573168129da70058 , < e091ff83d962f9ed00d9bd70443676de9fe98bdc (git)
Affected: fda871c0ba5d2eed2cd1c881573168129da70058 , < 6f9442983a3e4227afd1c83a5251ddbca585ea21 (git)
Affected: fda871c0ba5d2eed2cd1c881573168129da70058 , < 088ee46c18d99baef453afd74181dd40ade044ad (git)
Affected: fda871c0ba5d2eed2cd1c881573168129da70058 , < dbbd07d0a7020b80f6a7028e561908f7b83b3d5a (git)
Affected: 4b17476d809273617d3317fa0d4ae78aa488d760 (git)
Affected: 5.10.20 , < 5.10.265 (semver)
Affected: 5.11.3 , < 5.12 (semver)
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Linux Linux Affected: 5.12
Unaffected: 0 , < 5.12 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.265 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.216 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.178 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.145 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.97 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.40 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.1 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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        }
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              "value": "AV:N - The vulnerable NVMe/TCP target receive worker processes attacker-controlled H2C_DATA PDUs received through a listening TCP socket, making it remotely network reachable.\nAC:L - The attacker controls digest negotiation, PDU chunking, transfer length, and digest contents, allowing a non-final digest mismatch to be triggered deterministically while keeping other I/O outstanding.\nPR:N - A reasonable non-TLS target deployment using allow_any_host requires no credentials or local capabilities; the remote peer can negotiate data digests and submit the malicious protocol sequence directly.\nUI:N - Exploitation requires only network protocol traffic and no action by a victim user.\nS:U - The vulnerable receive processing and resulting kernel compromise occur within the target host\u0027s existing kernel security authority.\nC:H - The premature reference release can free queue, request, response-buffer, and percpu-ref state while asynchronous completions still access it, creating a kernel UAF capable of arbitrary memory disclosure.\nI:H - The kernel UAF exposes writes through reclaimed request and queue structures and is plausibly exploitable for arbitrary kernel memory modification or code execution.\nA:H - The refcount corruption can cause a permanent workqueue teardown deadlock, while the resulting UAF can also produce an oops or kernel panic; the network trigger can be repeated."
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            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnvmet-tcp: Fix potential UAF when ddgst mismatch\n\nShivam Kumar found via vulnerability testing:\nWhen data digest is enabled on an NVMe/TCP connection and a digest\nmismatch occurs on a non-final H2C_DATA PDU during an R2T-based\ndata transfer, the digest error handler in nvmet_tcp_try_recv_ddgst()\ncalls nvmet_req_uninit() \u2014 which performs percpu_ref_put() on the\nsubmission queue \u2014 but does NOT mark the command as completed. It\ndoes not set cqe-\u003estatus, does not modify rbytes_done, and does not\nclear any flag. When the subsequent fatal error triggers queue\nteardown, nvmet_tcp_uninit_data_in_cmds() iterates all commands,\nchecks nvmet_tcp_need_data_in() for each one, and finds that the\nalready-uninited command still appears to need data (because\nrbytes_done \u003c transfer_len and cqe-\u003estatus == 0). It therefore calls\nnvmet_req_uninit() a second time on the same command \u2014 a double\npercpu_ref_put against a single percpu_ref_get."
          }
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        "id": "CVE-2026-64535",
        "lastModified": "2026-08-19T17:20:15.370",
        "metrics": {
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                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 9.8,
                "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
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              "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
              "type": "Secondary"
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        "published": "2026-07-27T08:16:22.773",
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        "vulnStatus": "Received"
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    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-09-01T12:39:52+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-64535",
      "id": "CVE-2026-64535",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-07-27T06:32:34.859000+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "235",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "44",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: nvmet-tcp: Fix potential UAF when ddgst mismatch",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-64535.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-09-15T01:46:35Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-64535",
      "id": "CVE-2026-64535",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-07-27T17:00:00Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "229",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "147",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-64535",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2026-64535.json",
      "version": "7"
    }
  }
}



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Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.


Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.