CWE-636

Not Failing Securely ('Failing Open')

When the product encounters an error condition or failure, its design requires it to fall back to a state that is less secure than other options that are available, such as selecting the weakest encryption algorithm or using the most permissive access control restrictions.

CVE-2024-43532 (GCVE-0-2024-43532)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2024-10-08 17:35
Modified
2025-07-08 15:38
CWE
  • CWE-636 - Not Failing Securely ('Failing Open')
Summary
Remote Registry Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1809 Version: 10.0.17763.0   < 10.0.17763.6414
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   Microsoft Windows Server 2019 Version: 10.0.17763.0   < 10.0.17763.6414
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   Microsoft Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) Version: 10.0.17763.0   < 10.0.17763.6414
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   Microsoft Windows Server 2022 Version: 10.0.20348.0   < 10.0.20348.2762
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   Microsoft Windows 11 version 21H2 Version: 10.0.22000.0   < 10.0.22000.3260
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   Microsoft Windows 10 Version 21H2 Version: 10.0.19043.0   < 10.0.19044.5011
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   Microsoft Windows 11 version 22H2 Version: 10.0.22621.0   < 10.0.22621.4317
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   Microsoft Windows 10 Version 22H2 Version: 10.0.19045.0   < 10.0.19045.5011
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   Microsoft Windows 11 version 22H3 Version: 10.0.22631.0   < 10.0.22631.4317
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   Microsoft Windows 11 Version 23H2 Version: 10.0.22631.0   < 10.0.22631.4317
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   Microsoft Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) Version: 10.0.25398.0   < 10.0.25398.1189
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   Microsoft Windows 11 Version 24H2 Version: 10.0.26100.0   < 10.0.26100.2033
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   Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1507 Version: 10.0.10240.0   < 10.0.10240.20796
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   Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1607 Version: 10.0.14393.0   < 10.0.14393.7428
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   Microsoft Windows Server 2016 Version: 10.0.14393.0   < 10.0.14393.7428
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   Microsoft Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) Version: 10.0.14393.0   < 10.0.14393.7428
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   Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 Version: 6.0.6003.0   < 6.0.6003.22918
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   Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation) Version: 6.0.6003.0   < 6.0.6003.22918
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   Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 Version: 6.0.6003.0   < 6.0.6003.22918
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   Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 Version: 6.1.7601.0   < 6.1.7601.27366
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   Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation) Version: 6.1.7601.0   < 6.1.7601.27366
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   Microsoft Windows Server 2012 Version: 6.2.9200.0   < 6.2.9200.25118
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   Microsoft Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) Version: 6.2.9200.0   < 6.2.9200.25118
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   Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 Version: 6.3.9600.0   < 6.3.9600.22221
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   Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) Version: 6.3.9600.0   < 6.3.9600.22221
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Show details on NVD website


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CVE-2025-21210 (GCVE-0-2025-21210)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2025-01-14 18:03
Modified
2025-09-09 23:45
CWE
  • CWE-636 - Not Failing Securely ('Failing Open')
Summary
Windows BitLocker Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1809 Version: 10.0.17763.0   < 10.0.17763.6775
Create a notification for this product.
   Microsoft Windows Server 2019 Version: 10.0.17763.0   < 10.0.17763.6775
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   Microsoft Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) Version: 10.0.17763.0   < 10.0.17763.6775
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Show details on NVD website


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CVE-2025-54870 (GCVE-0-2025-54870)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2025-08-05 00:02
Modified
2025-08-05 14:56
CWE
  • CWE-636 - Not Failing Securely ('Failing Open')
Summary
VTun-ng is a Virtual Tunnel over TCP/IP network. In versions 3.0.17 and below, failure to initialize encryption modules might cause reversion to plaintext due to insufficient error handling. The bug was first introduced in VTun-ng version 3.0.12. This is fixed in version 3.0.18. To workaround this issue, avoid blowfish-256.
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
leakingmemory vtun-ng Version: >= 3.0.12, < 3.0.18
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website


{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-54870",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-08-05T14:56:18.199907Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
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          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-08-05T14:56:26.901Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "vtun-ng",
          "vendor": "leakingmemory",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 3.0.12, \u003c 3.0.18"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "VTun-ng is a Virtual Tunnel over TCP/IP network. In versions 3.0.17 and below, failure to initialize encryption modules might cause reversion to plaintext due to insufficient error handling. The bug was first introduced in VTun-ng version 3.0.12. This is fixed in version 3.0.18. To workaround this issue, avoid blowfish-256."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 8.7,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-636",
              "description": "CWE-636: Not Failing Securely (\u0027Failing Open\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-08-05T00:02:38.457Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/leakingmemory/vtun-ng/security/advisories/GHSA-m3jc-27c6-2wrf",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/leakingmemory/vtun-ng/security/advisories/GHSA-m3jc-27c6-2wrf"
        },
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          "name": "https://github.com/leakingmemory/vtun-ng/commit/8c63982b6c487c52db1d56ab94c266f0bc857140",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
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          "url": "https://github.com/leakingmemory/vtun-ng/commit/8c63982b6c487c52db1d56ab94c266f0bc857140"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-m3jc-27c6-2wrf",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "VTun-ng\u0027s failure to initialize encryption modules may cause reversion to plaintext"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-54870",
    "datePublished": "2025-08-05T00:02:38.457Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-07-31T17:23:33.473Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-08-05T14:56:26.901Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

Mitigation

Phase: Architecture and Design

Description:

  • Subdivide and allocate resources and components so that a failure in one part does not affect the entire product.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.

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